浅析景德镇日用陶瓷企业中营销人员风险的防范

随着市场经济的发展,日用陶瓷企业中营销人员的风险问题越来越明显,其给企业带来的危害也越来越多。本文以营销人员风险的概念为切入点,剖析日用陶瓷企业营销人员风险的主要危害,进而针对危害提出控制管理的措施,为景德镇日用陶瓷企业的经营管理提供参考,亦为其他行业进行营销人员的风险控制提供参照。     

企业商业秘密的界定及保护对策

企业商业秘密包括企业经营决策、管理方法及数据、财务管理方法及数据、质量控制方法、特殊的营销方式、营销网络等。我国法律规定,没有采取保密的商业秘密不受法律保护,因此企业必须采取措施积极保护本企业商业秘密,领导要带头建立强烈的保密意识,开展经常性的保密教育活动;要建立保密管理机构,要掌握本企业商业秘密底数,建立健全相应管理制度并配备必要的技术防范设备;要严密监视市场,充分利用法律武器保护本企业利益。     

直面市场挑战--舒蕾之成功与中国洗发水市场演进

围绕舒蕾品牌的成功案例，指出中国洗发水市场的成功企业需了解中国市场与消费者，规避市场领导者设置的陷阱，有效控制战略性的营销资源，执行有效的营销战术，面对营销环境与企业自身的挑战。     

石化企业产品的营销技巧研究

随着我国市场经济的建立和发展,石化企业面临着市场经济的挑战。由于石化行业长期处于垄断地位,缺乏对市场的正确认识,在市场营销中存在很多问题,主要有市场营销意识淡薄、缺乏对市场的调研以及市场分析能力不强、营销体系不健全、营销人员素质不高等。石化企业营销技巧的落后严重阻碍了石化产品的销量,根据石化企业的特点,石化企业应该搞好市场调研,更新营销理念;科学的处理信息,抓住潜在的商机;做好售后服务,保持现有的市场;健全营销管理机构,提高营销人员素质;开展网上营销等来完善营销技巧,适应市场经济的发展,提高竞争力,促进石化企业的发展。     

探寻中国轮胎工业的解困出路——建立具有竞争优势的营销渠道(续完)

企业重新建立起具有竞争优势的营销渠道和管理与控制体系后,要想获得差异化的竞争优势,还要在营销中正确发挥渠道作用。     

企业商业秘密的界及保护对策

企业商业秘密包括企业经营决策，管理方法及数据，财务管理方法及数据，质量控制方法，特殊的营销方式，营销网络等。我国法律规定，没有采取保密的商业秘密不受法律保护，因此企业必须采取措施积极保护本企业商业秘密，领导要带头建立强烈的保密意识，开展经常性的保密教育活动；     

新常态下的日用陶瓷产业的营销发展与创新

在经济新常态的背景下,我国日用陶瓷产业的发展机遇与挑战并存。为有效应对挑战和把握机遇,日用陶瓷企业有必要积极地进行战略转型和创新,特别是在营销方面。日用陶瓷产业传统销售模式主要以零售、批发为主,营销策略包括定制营销、差异化营销与文化营销;会展作为一体化的陶瓷商贸平台,其在塑造陶瓷企业品牌形象、促进销售方面发挥了关键作用;随着电子商务平台的崛起,日用陶瓷企业纷纷拥抱互联网,进而激发了陶瓷企业新一轮的营销创新。在未来的产业发展中,日用陶瓷企业进行跨界营销创新,将有助于培育新的竞争优势。     

基于电力营销全过程电费风险问题的探讨

电费是供电企业电力营销工作最终成果的体现,在电力营销全过程中存在着诸多影响电费及时足额回收的电费风险。本文通过对电力营销全过程存在的电费风险进行深入的分析,进而提出控制风险的有效措施,旨在对电力企业的稳定发展提供帮助。     

建立经营型模式 描绘天脊新蓝图

国际国内市场环境的演变,使企业在日益严酷的竞争环境中别无选择。天脊集团从市场经济观念的新视角,重新审视企业发展经营决策;构筑良好的经营战略,推行有效的营销方法、营销渠道构建和营销沟通,促进销售队伍的建设,找到企业效益的增长点。     

发展电子商务 助力橡胶工业强国建设

在电子商务时代,网络营销、数据库营销、直复营销、一对一营销、精准营销等新的营销模式越来越被熟知与采用。企业的经营理念和营销方式,企业与企业之间的关系,企业与消费者之间的关系都发生了巨大的改变。依托于网络这种崭新的媒体所进行的营销活动是企业整体营销战略的一个组成部分,是以互联网为基本手段来实现企业的总体经营目标,其基本职能在于营造企业的网上营销环境和促进企业的客户交换关系。传统的营销模式     

Integrated design and control using a dynamic inversely controlled process model

The profitability of chemical processes depends on their design and control. If the process design is fixed, there is little room left to improve control performance. Many commentators suggest design and control should be integrated. Nevertheless, the integrated problem is highly complex and intractable. This article proposes an optimization framework using a dynamic inversely controlled process model. The combinatorial complexities associated with the controllers are disentangled from the formulation, but the process and its control structure are still designed simultaneously. The new framework utilizes a multi-objective function to explore the trade-off between process and control objectives. The proposed optimization framework is demonstrated on a case study from the literature. Two parallel solving strategies are applied, and their implementations are explained. They are dynamic optimization based on (i) sequential integration and (ii) full discretization. The proposed integrated design and control optimization framework successfully captured the trade-off between control and process objectives.     

Optimal two point control of a binary distillation column

Optimal two point control and operating policies have been developed for a semi-works scale 10 tray distillation column separating methanol and water. Two controllers, based on different control philosophies were synthesized. They are:

• 1 The controller that will bring the product compositions to their desired values while keeping off-specification products to a minimum.
• 2 The controller that will bring the product compositions to their desired values while maintaining the average product composition of the control period at the desired level.

Two types of disturbances were studied, namely disturbances in the feed stream and changes in product specifications. The column operation was represented by a linearized dynamic mathematical model based on a component material balance. The solution of the problem was obtained by application of the minimum principle of Fontryagin and the modified Riccati transformation technique. Simplified optimal control schemes can be developed from the results of this work. These control schemes are simple enough to be used for direct digital computer control.     

A comparative study of controlling the externally heat-integrated double distillation columns (EHIDDiC)

The externally heat-integrated double distillation columns (EHIDDiC) is a newly proposed scheme featuring complete heat integration between the rectifying section of a high pressure distillation column (HPDC) and the stripping section of a low pressure distillation column (LPDC). In terms of its structural characteristics, three decentralized control systems are devised, which avoid using the pressure difference between the HPDC and LPDC as a manipulated variable and ease consequently the interaction between the control loops involved. While the first one attempts to control the composition of the blended top products of the HPDC and LPDC, the second one the composition of their blended bottom products, thereby simplifying the control structure from 4 × 4 to 3 × 3 system. The third one focuses on the simplified EHIDDiC with only three heat exchangers between the HPDC and LPDC (S-EHIDDiC) and their heat duties are employed as a combined manipulated variable. These control systems are evaluated in terms of the separation of a binary mixture of benzene and toluene and it is found that they outperform exclusively the conventional control system with the pressure difference as a manipulated variable. Both the top-mixed and bottom-mixed control systems appear to be superior to the one for the S-EHIDDiC and conventional double-effect distillation column, implying the advantages of the simplified design of decentralized control systems. The obtained results are considered to be of general significance and can be used to guide the design and operation of the EHIDDiC (S-EHIDDiC).     

Device for accelerated testing of travelers for yarn laydown mechanisms

Conclusions A device has been developed for accelerated testing of travelers for yarn laydown mechanisms of machines for man-made fibre manufacture for their impact fatigue resistance.This device makes it possible to carry out a selection of the material and technology of traveler fabrication and to control their quality during the fabrication process.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 4, pp. 20–21, July–August, 1989.     

Tung oil derivatives as plasticizers for buna-N rubber

Summary Eight derivatives of tung oil, namely, the methyl vinyl ketone, dimethyl maleate, methyl acrylate, and acrylonitrile adducts, and their hydrogenated products, were prepared and screened as softeners for Buna-N rubber with dibutyl sebacate, as the control. Five of the eight products evaluated yielded stocks that met the low-temperature flexibility requirements (−40°C.) of the automotive industry. In all cases the stocks prepared from the unhydrogenated derivatives were superior in plasticizing efficiency to the stocks prepared from their hydrogenated counterparts or to those prepared from the control. One of the laboratories of the Southern Utilization Research and Development Division, Agricultural Research Service, U. S. Department of Agriculture.     

DESIGN OF RECOMBINANT PROTEIN PRODUCTION PROCESSES

A model-aided process design and supervision technique is proposed. Its efficiency is demonstrated by a nontrivial example, the development of a production process for the light chain of the antibody MAK33. This protein was expressed by the genetically modified E. coli B pUBS520 p12023 bacteria under the control of the tac promoter where lactose was used for induction. It is shown in this example that data from a few experiments are sufficient to develop a satisfactory production process. The development of process models, which are prerequisite for a systematic optimization of protein production processes, as well as their use for the determination of quasi-optimal feed-forward control profiles, is discussed. Model-supported closed-loop control is shown to lead to another improvement. Further performance enhancements can be obtained by changing the operational mode from the usually employed fed-batch procedure to a repeated fed-batch mode.     

Discussion on “A Hybrid Selection and Testing Procedure with Curtailment in Comparative Clinical Trials” by Elena M. Buzaianu and Pinyuen Chen

Abstract

This article provides a review of the important article by Buzaianu and Chen, appearing in this issue. While their recommended procedure is of interest, there are several practical considerations that would detract clinical trialists from applying these procedures. Six concerns are mentioned, including the definition of “correct selection” as finding a treatment truly superior to the control, continuation of the control therapy even after it was found to be inferior to an active treatment, and elimination of active treatments without definitive evidence it is inferior to other active treatments.     

Pareto-optimal solutions for multi-objective optimization of fed-batch bioreactors using nondominated sorting genetic algorithm

Many optimal control problems are characterized by their multiple performance measures that are often noncommensurable and competing with each other. The presence of multiple objectives in a problem usually give rise to a set of optimal solutions, largely known as Pareto-optimal solutions. Evolutionary algorithms have been recognized to be well suited for multi-objective optimization because of their capability to evolve a set of nondominated solutions distributed along the Pareto front. This has led to the development of many evolutionary multi-objective optimization algorithms among which Nondominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA and its enhanced version NSGA-II) has been found effective in solving a wide variety of problems. Recently, we reported a genetic algorithm based technique for solving dynamic single-objective optimization problems, with single as well as multiple control variables, that appear in fed-batch bioreactor applications. The purpose of this study is to extend this methodology for solution of multi-objective optimal control problems under the framework of NSGA-II. The applicability of the technique is illustrated by solving two optimal control problems, taken from literature, which have usually been solved by several methods as single-objective dynamic optimization problems.     

Antimicrobial Efficacy of a Novel Eucalyptus Oil,Chlorhexidine Digluconate and Isopropyl Alcohol Biocide Formulation

Effective surface disinfection is a fundamental infection control strategy within healthcare. This study assessed the antimicrobial efficacy of novel biocide formulations comprising 5% and 2% eucalyptus oil (EO) combined with 2% chlorhexidine digluconate (CHG) and 70% isopropyl alcohol (IPA) contained within a wipe. The efficacy of this novel antimicrobial formulation to remove and eliminate methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Escherichia coli and Candida albicans from steel surfaces was investigated. Adpression studies of pre-contaminated wipes were also utilised to assess their potential to induce cross-contamination between hard surfaces. Furthermore, the bactericidal nature of the EO-formulation was established in addition to time-kill. The EO-containing formulations demonstrated bactericidal antimicrobial efficacy against all microorganisms and did not induce surface cross-contamination. There was no significant difference (p < 0.05) between the 5% and 2% EO formulations in their ability to remove microorganisms from steel surfaces, however both significantly (p < 0.05) removed more than the control formulations. Microbial biofilms were eliminated within 10 min (p < 0.05) when exposed to the EO formulations. Our novel EO-formulation demonstrated rapid antimicrobial efficacy for potential disinfection and elimination of microbial biofilms from hard surfaces and may therefore be a useful adjunct to current infection control strategies currently employed within healthcare facilities.     

Thermal analysis of failed-batch palm oil by differential scanning calorimetry

Thermal behavior of palm oil samples drawn from the batch crystallizers that failed during crystallization and of a control oil that was drawn from a batch that produced good crystallization were analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry under constant heating and cooling conditions. Four polymorphs—β’₂, α, β’₁, and β₁—were observed, and their temperatures were tabulated. A rapid and sudden surge of heat demand was observed for samples from failed crystallizers. Less supercooling values were obtained from the control oil compared to the higher values for samples from failed crystallizers. In crystallization thermograms, a sharp high-temperature exotherm (high-T peak) and a broad low-temperature exotherm (low-T peak) were observed. Low-T peaks were found almost invariably stationary at −5.1 to −5.6°C, and high-T peaks varied depending on the saturation level of the oil. A new peak, sandwiched between the high-T and low-T peaks, was observed for the control oil.