污泥活性炭制备及其吸附性能研究

以城市污水处理厂剩余污泥作为原料,采用化学活化法(Zn Cl2作为活化剂)和微波辐照制备污泥活性炭,研究其对亚甲基蓝的吸附效果和吸附等温过程。结果表明,当p H值3、投加量1 g/L、吸附时间120 min和温度35℃时,亚甲基蓝的吸附率都在98%以上。等温吸附过程很好的符合Langmuir模型。     

KOH活化法制备气化稻壳活性炭及其吸附性能

以气化稻壳炭(GRHC)为原料,KOH为活化剂制备活性炭,研究了不同活化温度和碱炭比对活性炭得率、比表面积、孔径分布以及碘值的影响.利用全自动气体吸附分析仪、X射线衍射仪、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、扫描电镜等仪器对活性炭的理化性质进行表征,并通过吸附等温线、吸附动力学探讨其对甲基橙的吸附机制.结果表明:活化时间为1h时,随...     

污泥质活性炭吸附剂的制备和吸附性能研究进展

介绍了目前污泥质活性炭吸附剂制备方法及在治污方面的应用进展。阐述了污泥直接干化法、传统活性炭活化碳化法和微波活化碳化法等制备方法的研究现状,指出向污泥中添加金属氧化物、聚合物以及相应的辅料,可改变污泥碳的结构,提高吸附去污效能。初步探讨了污泥质活性炭吸附剂的除污机制和朗格缪尔及弗兰德利希模型的应用研究。     

稻壳生产活性炭

本文讨论以稻壳为原料，氯化锌为活化剂，制取活性炭的工艺条件，所得产品活性炭达到二级标准。     

稻壳制备活性炭和二氧化硅的研究进展

综述了稻壳在无机化工方面研究的最新成果,重点论述了以稻壳为原料制备活性炭和二氧化硅的工艺研究进展,展望了稻壳综合利用的前景。     

污泥基活性炭制备改性及其吸附甲苯性能

以石化企业干化剩余活性污泥为炭源前体、ZnCl₂溶液为活化剂,在613℃条件下炭化70min制得了碘值为683.40mg/g、产率为55.5%的污泥基活性炭（SAC,sludge-based activated carbon）样品,并进一步利用不同浓度的HNO₃、H₂SO₄和H₂O₂溶液为改性剂对SAC氧化改性,通过碘值测定、BET、Boehm滴定、ICP、FTIR、XRD、SEM、TEM等手段对改性前后SAC样品进行了表征分析和对比研究。结果表明,HNO₃和H₂SO₄改性后SAC的BET比表面积、孔容、碘值均明显增加,可有效提高SAC吸附性能,当HNO₃浓度为0.5mol/L、H₂SO₄浓度为1.0mol/L时改性效果最好,动态吸附甲苯的吸附量较改性前分别提高了38.80%和27.19%,吸附穿透时间也明显延长;而对于H₂O₂溶液为改性剂,总体上不利于SAC吸附性能的提高。对甲苯吸附效果最好的几种改性SAC材料进行再生性能测试,均展现了良好的再生循环利用性能。     

稻壳炭脱硅制活性炭及吸附性能研究

研究稻壳炭脱硅工艺,探究氯化锌法和磷酸法活化脱硅稻壳炭工艺。结果表明,通过热碱溶解回流有很好的脱硅效果。磷酸活化法制备稻壳活性炭相对氯化锌活化法而言,得率较高,在浸渍比为2∶1,浓硫酸添加量为1%,预处理温度240℃,预处理时间1 h,活化温度500℃的实验条件下制得的活性炭,亚甲基蓝吸附值66 mg/g,碘吸附值679 mg/g。实验表明该工艺制得的活性炭不仅吸附性能较好且产量高,在工业应用上具有很好的经济价值。     

稻壳基活性炭的制备及其孔隙结构分析

本文采用常规加热法制备稻壳基活性炭,利用正交实验方法,探讨了分别以氢氧化钾、碳酸钾为活化剂时活性炭的最佳制备方案.通过扫描电子显微镜观察所得活性炭的表面形貌,利用热分析仪对稻壳原料进行了热力学分析,利用分光光度计测定活性炭的亚甲基蓝吸附值和碘吸附值.结果表明,采用氢氧化钾为活化剂得到的活性炭,孔洞多为小孔,其亚甲基蓝最...     

直接合成法制备载银稻壳活性炭及其对苯并噻吩的吸附

分别采用直接合成法和浸渍法制备了载银稻壳活性炭脱硫吸附剂,通过N2吸附-脱附、TEM及XRD测试手段对其进行表征,通过静态吸附实验研究了载银稻壳活性炭对苯并噻吩的吸附性能。结果表明,直接合成法在活化稻壳制得活性炭的同时将银颗粒均匀地负载在活性炭的表面;与浸渍法相比,直接合成法上的活性组分分散更均匀,粒径更小,且NO3-在稻壳活化过程中也起到了增加活性炭比表面积、孔体积和孔径的作用。通过对比实验证明了直接合成法制备的载银活性炭对模拟汽油中的苯并噻吩具有较高的吸附容量,30℃时,模拟汽油中的硫含量为542.6 ppm,吸附剂的硫吸附容量达到了15.58 mg/g。     

微波法制备污泥活性炭及其脱色性能的研究

本研究以污水厂剩余污泥为原料采用微波-物理法制备活性炭,研究了微波加热工艺对活性炭吸附性能的影响。结果表明：对活性炭碘吸附值影响最大的是微波功率,其次是辐照时间,最后是污泥的粒径,最佳的微波处理条件为：微波功率为500W,辐照时间为2min,污泥的粒长为0．9mm;所制得的污泥活性炭用于处理染料废水,其最佳脱色率优于商品活性炭。     

Preparation of powdered activated carbon from rice husk and its methane adsorption properties

Success of adsorbed natural gas (ANG) storage process is mainly based on the characteristics of the adsorbent, so various synthesized adsorbents were analyzed for methane adsorption on a thermodynamic basis. Activated carbon from rice husk (AC-RH) was synthesized and its methane adsorption capacities were compared with phenol based activated carbons (AC-PH₂O and AC-PKOH). The adsorption experiments were conducted by volumetric method under various constant temperatures (293.15, 303.15, 313.15 and 323.15 K) and pressure up to 3.5MPa. Maximum methane adsorption was observed in AC-RH as its surface area is higher than the other two adsorbents. The experimental data were correlated well with Langmuir-Fruendlich isotherms. In addition, isosteric heat of adsorption was calculated by using Clausius-Clapeyron equation.     

污泥活性炭的制备及其脱色性能

以污水污泥为原料,采用物理活化法制得污泥活性炭,并用该活性炭处理染料废水,研究了pH值、污泥活性炭的投加量、温度、吸附时间等因素对染料废水的脱色率和COD去除率的影响。结果表明:用污泥制备的活性炭,其碘值和亚甲基兰吸附值分别为254.36 mg/g和20.26 mg/g,而且BET比表面积值为25.1995 m2/g,总孔容积为0.0399 m3/g,具有较好的吸附性能;将污泥活性炭用来吸附氨基黑染料,并与商品活性炭处理氨基黑染料的效果进行对比,自制污泥活性炭的脱色效果达到了商品活性炭的水平;污泥活性炭对氨基黑染料的吸附过程符合Langmuir吸附等温线。     

Removal of dibenzothiophenes in kerosene by adsorption on rice husk activated carbon

The capacity of rice husk activated carbon (RHAC) to adsorb refractory sulfur compounds of dibenzothiophenes (DBTs) from commercial kerosene was evaluated in terms of their textural and chemical characteristics. Rice husk activated at 850 °C for 1 h showed an acceptable adsorption capacity for DBTs, despite a much lower specific surface area (473 m²/g) and total pore volume (0.267 cm³/g), when compared to micro-porous activated carbon fiber with a large specific surface area (2336 m²/g) and total pore volume (1.052 cm³/g). The volumes of ultramicropores acting as DBTs adsorption sites, and of mesopores leading DBTs into the ultramicropores were closely related to the DBTs adsorption capacity of the RHACs.     

An economically viable removal of methylene blue by adsorption on activated carbon prepared from rice husk

Application of an agricultural waste material, rice husk, has been investigated for preparation of activated carbon. The rice husk‐activated carbon (RHAC) was successfully utilised for the removal of a cationic dye, methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solutions. The activated carbon was prepared in presence of ZnCl₂ as an activating agent under inert nitrogen atmosphere. RHAC was characterised for surface area, pore structural parameters, and point zero charge (pH_ZPC). The activated carbon was further characterised by Fourier transformation infrared (FT‐IR) spectrometer, X‐ray diffractometer (XRD), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The effect of different parameters such as contact time and initial concentration, adsorbent dose, and temperature on removal of the dye from aqueous solutions was investigated. The experimental data fitted well in both the Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models. The maximum adsorption capacity for MB was found to be 9.73 mg g⁻¹ at 303 K. During the study of effect of adsorbent dose, almost a 100% removal was achieved at a higher dose of RHAC. Most of the experiments were carried out at an initial concentration of MB of 60 mg/L and at 303 K. Different thermodynamic parameters, viz., changes in free energy (G°), enthalpy (H°), and entropy (S°) have also been determined to explain feasibility of the process of removal. The sorption of MB on RHAC was found to be feasible, spontaneous, and endothermic in nature.     

稻壳液化产物用于聚氨酯胶黏剂的制备与性能

将稻壳在多元醇中液化制备具有反应活性的稻壳基多元醇,然后以所制备的稻壳基多元醇、低聚物多元醇、二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)和小分子交联剂等为主要原料合成聚氨酯(PU)乳液。分别从预聚反应温度、稻壳基多元醇的添加量、低聚物多元醇种类、R值(-NCO与-OH的摩尔比)以及小分子交联剂种类5个方面进行研究。通过对所制备的聚氨酯乳液进行红外光谱、黏度、稳定性和力学性能等分析测试,结果表明:在预聚反应温度为70℃、聚己二酸丁二醇酯1000(PBA1000)为原料、稻壳基多元醇添加量为10%、R值为1.2、三羟甲基丙烷(TMP)为交联剂的条件下,合成的PU胶黏剂效果最佳。     

思南稻壳制备活性炭的初步研究

以贵州思南稻壳为原料制备活性炭,考察碳化温度、活化温度、活化剂浓度以及碳碱比对制备活性炭的影响。结果表明,稻壳活性炭的最佳制备条件为:碳化温度350℃,活化温度700℃,活化剂浓度25%,碳碱质量比1∶4。稻壳活性炭对碘的吸附值为952.48 mg/g。模拟锰业废水中Mn2+的吸附率为86%。     

思南稻壳制备活性炭的初步研究

以贵州思南稻壳为原料制备活性炭,考察碳化温度、活化温度、活化剂浓度以及碳碱比对制备活性炭的影响。结果表明,稻壳活性炭的最佳制备条件为:碳化温度350℃,活化温度700℃,活化剂浓度25%,碳碱质量比1∶4。稻壳活性炭对碘的吸附值为952.48 mg/g。模拟锰业废水中Mn2+的吸附率为86%。     

富含中孔和微孔的生物质炭的制备及其吸附性能研究

以花生壳为原材料,在无需N2保护条件下,以ZnCl2为活化剂制备富含中孔和微孔结构的活性炭。以Cu2+为探针分子,通过正交实验获得活性炭的最优制备工艺组合:陈化时间为18 h,陈放温度为120℃,物料质量比[m(花生壳)/m(ZnCl2)]为2∶1,400℃活化100 min,对重金属离子Cu(Ⅱ)的吸附率达85%。利用扫描电镜对花生壳活性炭的表面形态进行观察分析,结果表明,活性炭表面具有一定量微米级和大量纳米级的孔状结构。全自动表面分析仪测定结果表明,制备的活性炭比表面积和孔容积分别为728 m2/g和0.347 8 cm3/g,孔径主要集中在20 nm以下,吸附的平均孔径为1.98 nm,微孔和中孔的容积分别为0.266 7 cm3/g和0.081 1 cm3/g,表明该活性炭具有较好的吸附性能,为实现农业废弃物花生壳在重金属污水生态处理方面的利用提供有效途径。