山西能源联手中石油华北油田开发煤层气

2011年6月3日,山西能源产业集团有限责任公司与中国石油天然气股份有限公司华北油田分公司在太原举行煤层气合作开发签约仪式。双方将在我省沁水煤田合作开发煤层气资源。山西能源产业集团是我省最早从事煤层气开发利用的大型国有企业。世行贷款煤层气开发利用示范项目作为该集团承建的规模最     

煤层气井高效开发与固井问题浅析

煤层气开发已经作为国家的重点支持的行业,我国的煤层气所处的特殊环境以及技术的相对局限使得我国煤层气发展缓慢。其中的突出问题就是体现在固井方面,固井质量的好坏直接决定了煤层气的产量与经济效益。本文对我国煤层气的发展、地质环境以及国内的固井方法进行了简要的论述。     

煤层气排采工艺技术研究和建议

煤层气是一种不可再生能源，排采工艺技术作为开发煤层气的重要环节，不容忽视。排采是煤层气勘探的关键一环，需要进行多个技术步骤，方能完成。本文通过研究煤层气排采工艺技术中的相关问题，从而探讨出相应的对策与方法。     

关于我国煤层气储层问题的思考

煤层作为煤层气储层,具有容纳气体以及允许气体流动的功能。中国的煤层气与其他国家有很大差别,由于成煤时间早,构造期次多,地质条件复杂,导致煤层气储层具有低含气饱和度、低渗透率以及低压力的特性。目前我国的煤层气开采主要以具有强烈非均质性的中、高阶煤为主,这些都导致了煤层气的勘探开采的难度较大。本文总结了我国煤层气储层的基本特点,分析了煤层气储层的研究现状,包括近年来煤层气储层研究取得的成效,以及煤层气储层研究难点及存在的问题,并针对中国煤层气开发技术研究提出了一些看法和建议。     

煤层气排采工艺技术研究和建议

煤层气是一种不可再生能源，排采工艺技术作为开发煤层气的重要环节，不容忽视。排采是煤层气勘探的关键一环，需要进行多个技术步骤，方能完成。本文通过研究煤层气排采工艺技术中的相关问题，从而探讨出相应的对策与方法。     

煤层气开发过程中的HSE管理探索

作为高效清洁能源,煤层气的大规模开发前景诱人,但由于煤层气具有分布并不均衡、资源总体埋藏较深及丰度差异性大等特点,由于技术原因,现有的煤层气开采会对地下水资源、周围环境造成污染以及安全隐患,因此煤层气开发建设必须要注重安全环保工作。本文对煤层气的开发与安全环保工作进行探讨,从而达到安全生产、保护环境的目的。     

煤层气地面集输技术标准优化分析

煤层气作为煤炭伴生资源,具有极高的实用价值,但与此同时,煤层气田具有低压、低渗以及产量低的特征,造成我国煤层气单井产量相对不高,而地面集输技术作为其中的重要环节,其技术水平将会影响到对煤层气的开发。因此必须要加大对煤层气地面集输技术的研究力度。针对这一情况,本文首先对煤层气地面传输技术在国内的发展进程进行介绍,以此对国内煤层气地面集输技术的现状有一定了解,在此基础上,对煤层气地面传输技术的优化进行分析,同时对煤层气地面集输技术的未来发展方向进行分析,旨在通过这样的方式,推动煤层气地面传输技术在我国的进一步发展。     

我国煤层气开采现状及关键技术问题分析

作为新型绿色能源煤层气的勘探开发受到世界各国的重视,本文综述了我国煤层气地质资源量、分布特征及开采特性;总结了我国煤层气开采过程面临的主要技术问题,为煤层气成藏机理不明晰、煤层气开采方案不合理及煤层稳定性控制难实现。地质导向技术的应用能够对煤层气储层状态进行实时监测,并对煤层气开采方案进行实时优化,是煤层气开采技术的发展方向。     

晋城市煤层气综合利用发展初探

介绍了晋城市煤层气资源储量状况及煤层气的开发利用现状,对晋城市煤层气的开发利用提出了建议:可用于发电,可作为工业燃料和化工原料等。煤层气具有广阔的发展前景,其开发利用会带来很好的经济效益和社会效益。     

我国煤层气勘探与开发技术现状及发展方向

随着我国煤层气勘探技术的不断发展,也为我国的煤矿生产提供了有力的保障,还有效地缓解了我国煤炭资源紧张的问题。煤层气开放作为我国的重要开展工作之一,对于我国整体经济的发展有着重要的推动作用,但是目前我国煤层气开发技术研究的现状来说,还是存在些问题。本文主要对我国煤层气勘探技术与开发技术现状及发展方向进行深入的分析与研究,主要是为了能够更好地促进我国煤层气开发技术的创新与优化,提升煤矿生产的工作效率。     

Motorenöle auf der Basis von Pflanzenölen – ein neuer Ansatz

Vegetable oil-based engine oils – A promising start These days most engine lubricants contain petrochemical base oils. A research project looked into the possibility of using vegetable oils and their derivatives (ester oils) for lubrication of four-stroke engines. The environmentally friendly, high-performance engine oils successfully tested in the first project were based on saturated esters and contained a zinc- and polymer-free additive package. Also realized was the second objective of a completely new lubrication concept which allows for the first time the use of unmodified rapeseed or sunflower oil for engine lubrication. The procedures mentioned here compensate for the basically poor ageing resistance of vegetable oils by a progressive renewal of the oil. The used oil is mixed with the fuel and burned without any detrimental effects on exhaust composition. Only low-ash and zinc-free additives were added to the vegetable oils. Initial and positive application know-how was gathered from a number of diesel engines using this combination of special oil and the novel lubrication concept. Environmentally friendly oils being constantly renewed in stationary engines are a promising start.     

低散热发动机润滑剂

低散热发动机润滑剂瑟常规发动机润滑剂相比有两个主要特点,一是适应高温润滑,二是适应和种新型摩擦副材质,本文论述了国内外低散热发动机润滑剂的现状和发展趋势,并提出了一些建议。     

Experimental investigation of Gasoline-Like Fuel obtained from waste lubrication oil on engine performance and exhaust emission

Experimental investigation on engine performance and exhaust emission of a gasoline engine fueled by Gasoline-Like Fuel (GLF) was performed in this study. The GLF was obtained from waste lubrication oil (WLO) using the pyrolitic distillation method. Firstly, the WLO collected in a tank was particulates removed by a refining process. The refined lubrication oil samples were taken into a reactor and blended with calcium oxide (CaO) 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 wt.% to remove sulphur in the oil. The blended samples were heated in the reactor and then distilled to decrease sulphur and to produce fuel samples. Distillation tests and characteristics of the produced fuel such as density, flash point and lower heating value were examined. The experimental results indicated that the CaO at 2 wt.% had the highest effect on decreasing the amount of sulphur content in the lubrication oil. Fuels produced using 2 wt.% CaO were separated into two parts which were light fuel with 20 wt.% and heavy fuel with 60 wt.% of the total WLO. Remaining of the WLO is about 20 wt.%, which is rejected from the reactor. The light fuel, referred to as GLF and gasoline samples are used to investigate the effect of the GLF on performance and emissions of a 1300 cm³ spark ignited engine manufactured by Fiat. The engine used in the study has specifications of four-stroke and four cylinders, water cooled, fueled with carburetor and naturally aspirated. Each cylinder has a bore of 76 mm and a stroke of 71.5 mm. The experimental results showed that the GLF had a positive effect on brake power, brake thermal efficiency, mean effective pressure and specific fuel consumption. The GLF also raised CO emission and exhaust temperature, but it decreased hydrocarbon (HC) in the exhaust.     

起重机吊臂专用润滑脂的研制

针对起重机的工况特点以及起重机吊臂的润滑条件要求,采用聚醚和低粘度聚α-烯烃复合作为基础油,并加入复合聚脲稠化剂和多种功能型添加剂,研制出一种起重机吊臂专用润滑脂。经过理化性能分析和试用,研制润滑脂具有良好热氧化安定性、剪切安定性、防锈防腐性、极压抗磨性能、机械安定性以及较好的粘附性和抗水性能;对起重机吊臂吊重以及日常养护具有较好的润滑和防护作用。     

污水处理场4M10-34/78-76型往复式空气压缩机改造

无油润滑是现代成熟的压缩机润滑技术,它节省了能源,简化了工艺流程,提高生产效率,本次4M10-34/78-76型往复式空气压缩机少油润滑改为无油润滑着力于降低设备故障频率,延长设备使用时间,降低检修所产生的费用,降低生产停工产生的损失。     

Sunflower oil diesel fuel: Lubrication system contamination

Diesel lubrication oil contaminated with sunflower oil fuel was exposed to conditions simulating an engine crankcase environment to quantify and elucidate the mechanisms of loss of alkalinity and oil mixture thickening. Oxygen was found to be a dominant factor in both phenomena as was the presence of metallic copper catalyst. Triglyceride polymerization causing oil thickening does not appear causally related to alkalinity loss, but rather seems governed by a separate free radical mechanism.     

On the frictional contribution to the viscosity of cement and silica pastes in the presence of adsorbing and non adsorbing polymers

This paper is devoted to the role of hydrodynamic lubrication in the flow of dense suspensions of non-Brownian cement or silica particles. The role of hydrodynamic lubrication is ambiguous since it is primarily a source of viscous dissipation but, by preventing direct contact between particles and friction, it may facilitate flow. We show that in the concentration and shear rate regimes investigated here direct contact friction between cement or silica particles is contributing to the overall energy dissipation. Addition of water-soluble polymers, either adsorbing or not adsorbing, was used as a mean to control friction. We show that, independently of the adsorption capacity of the polymer, it is the non adsorbed polymer which, thanks to hydrodynamic lubrication, prevents direct contacts and reduces the overall energy dissipation. This leads to the counterintuitive situation where by increasing the interstitial fluid viscosity, the suspension viscosity is decreased. When hydrodynamic lubrication is no longer able to avoid direct frictional contact, dilatant and shear-thickening behaviors set in.     

纳米氟化镧对生物质燃油碳烟颗粒流润滑特性影响

为探索极端乏油工况下碳烟颗粒在发动机摩擦副界面的功效及润滑油添加剂的作用，本文采用往复摩擦磨损试验机研究了纳米氟化镧（nano-LaF₃）颗粒对往复滑动条件下生物质燃油碳烟（BS）颗粒流润滑性能的影响。借助拉曼光谱仪、3D激光扫描显微镜、X射线光电子能谱仪等仪器探讨了滑动条件下nano-LaF₃对BS颗粒流润滑特性的影响作用机理。结果表明：当nano-LaF₃的添加质量分数大于20%时能显著改善往复滑动条件下BS颗粒的抗磨减摩性能，并且随着nano-LaF₃添加浓度的增大，摩擦表面碳烟石墨化程度和石墨微晶尺寸均增大。nano-LaF₃在含BS颗粒流润滑的摩擦界面形成了LaF₃摩擦膜以及含镧化合物、碳氧化合物及铁氧化合物的化学复合反应膜，同时nano-LaF₃会加大诱导碳烟的石墨化作用，从而增强了BS颗粒流润滑的减摩性。     

Fe（Ⅲ）—硫酸铵—磺基水杨酸—氨水显色体系分光光度法测定发动机润滑油中的微量铁

以Fe（Ⅲ）-硫酸铵-磺基水杨酸-氨水为显色体系,用分光光度计,在430 nm的波长下,准确的测定了发动机润滑油中的微量铁.油样分析结果的相对标准偏差为5.03％,用加标回收实验来检验方法的准确度,单次加标回收率为95.00％～108.10％,平均加标回收率为100.6％.     

航空发动机在用润滑油污染度与铁金属磨损颗粒含量相关性分析

文章对航空发动机在用50-1-4润滑油污染度和铁金属磨粒含量进行了检测,应用灰关联分析理论对在用油污染度不同粒径污染物与光、铁谱数据的关联度进行了计算与汇总分析,通过分析得到了铁金属磨损颗粒含量与在用油污染度的关系,为实施污染分析和磨粒分析技术相结合的滑油综合监测技术,全面、准确地监测发动机润滑部件的磨损状态提供实验支持。