电子级多晶硅生产中氯硅烷精馏工艺的设计和优化

比较目前多晶硅生产中氯硅烷精馏的国内传统工艺和引进国外工艺;通过研究和借鉴,结合专家意见并进行模拟计算,设计和优化氯硅烷精馏工艺;简化流程,降低能耗,减少精制三氯氢硅中的杂质,从而提高多晶硅产品的品质。     

Continuous global optimization of structured process systems models

Nonconvex models for the optimization of process systems in chemical engineering give rise to multiple suboptimal solutions, and a number of complications that often cause failure of standard local optimization techniques. A deterministic branch and bound algorithm is presented in this paper for the global optimization of structured process systems models that include non-convexities introduced by concave univariate, bilinear and linear fractional terms. The proposed branch and contract algorithm relies on a bounds contraction operation, which consists of the solution of a finite sequence of convex bounds-contraction subproblems for the subset of nonconvex variables in a problem. The application of the proposed algorithm is illustrated with several numerical examples, which include heat exchanger networks, chemical reactors, simplified process flowsheets, and waste-water treatment systems. The results show that by executing the contraction operation at selected branch and bound nodes, large portions of the search region over which the objective function takes only values above a known upper bound are eliminated. It is shown that with the proposed approach the total number of nodes in the solution tree is kept relatively small, and for some problems, no branching is required at all.     

基于神经网络模型的混沌优化及其应用

研究一种新型优化算法－混沌优化,提出加快解的疏敛速度和精度新方法,并与精确不可微罚函数结合来求解非线性约束优化问题。对不能用数学解析式精确表达的优化问题利用神经网络建模,在此基础上进行混沌搜索寻优。该方法应用于甲醛生产过程的稳态优化,获得较好的经济效益。     

混沌搜索方法及其在化工过程优化中的应用

提出利用混沌搜索方法结合精确不可微罚函数求解约束优化问题的新方法 ,并将该方法用于闪蒸过程优化 .结果表明 ,该方法算法简单 ,实现容易 ,求解精度和可靠性较高 ,是解决化工优化问题的有效方法 .     

三氯氢硅提纯系统的废气废液再回收

分析了目前多晶硅生产中氯硅烷精馏的工艺;通过研究和借鉴,经过反复的实验分析、设计优化了氯硅烷精馏工艺,简化了流程,在提高三氯氢硅产品质量的同时,对废气废液充分回收,达到节能减排、降低成本的目的。     

常减压装置初馏塔侧线投用分析

常减压装置是炼化企业的重要组成部分,随着科学技术的发展,越来越多的企业开始投用初馏塔侧线以达到增产航煤的目的。某炼化企业3^#常减压装置加工混合原油8.0Mt/a,通过Aspen Plus进行装置的流程模拟及操作优化,确定了初馏塔侧线最佳抽出位置为第22块塔板,抽出量为16t/h,常压塔最佳取热比为塔顶+顶循∶一中∶二中=0.387∶0.233∶0.380。结果不仅使常二中增加取热8.11GJ/h,为后续换热网络优化提供了有利的条件,而且还在保证各侧线产品质量合格的基础上增产航煤16t/h,常压塔的拔出率也从35.5%提高到了36.3%。说明了常压塔在中段取热优化基础上,投用初馏塔侧线对航煤的增产效果较为明显,常压塔的拔出率也会增加。并且随着我国航空航天事业的飞速发展,市场对航煤的需求量日益提高。因此对于初馏塔侧线的投用具有很大的现实意义。     

焦化蒸氨工艺的模拟与优化

简要介绍了化工流程模拟软件,并利用化工流程模拟软件对唐山中润煤化工有限公司的蒸氨工艺进行了模拟,找到最佳操作条件。模拟结果表明:塔底出水氨浓度随蒸汽量的增加而增大,随进水量的增加而降低,当进水量为60t/h时,最经济的蒸汽量为7t/h;当蒸汽量为10t/h时,在保证塔底出水氨质量浓度小于100mg/L的前提下,最大处理能力为85t/h;当进水量>90t/h后,塔底出水氨质量浓度增加到200mg/L以上。     

热偶精馏过程的优化计算及控制

建立了TCS热偶精馏过程优化设计的数学模型,编制了逐板计算的计算机程序,根据严格逐板计算的结果,运用差分法求出灵敏度系数,对TCS热偶精馏进行了灵敏度分析,确定灵敏板的位置即找到最优控制点,在此基础上选择最优控制方案,实现TCS热偶精馏塔的最优设计。对苯-甲苯-乙苯物系进行了优化设计,提出了本流程最优控制方案。     

Global optimization of multicomponent distillation configurations: 2. Enumeration based global minimization algorithm

We present a general Global Minimization Algorithm (GMA) to identify basic or thermally coupled distillation configurations that require the least vapor duty under minimum reflux conditions for separating any ideal or near‐ideal multicomponent mixture into a desired number of product streams. In this algorithm, global optimality is guaranteed by modeling the system using Underwood equations and reformulating the resulting constraints to bilinear inequalities. The speed of convergence to the globally optimal solution is increased by using appropriate feasibility and optimality based variable‐range reduction techniques and by developing valid inequalities. The GMA can be coupled with already developed techniques that enumerate basic and thermally coupled distillation configurations, to provide for the first time, a global optimization based rank‐list of distillation configurations. © 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 62: 2071–2086, 2016     

Global optimization of multicomponent distillation configurations: 1. Need for a reliable global optimization algorithm

Nonazeotropic multicomponent mixtures are often separated into products by distillation configurations containing multiple distillation columns. One method of calculating the minimum vapor duty of a configuration is to sequentially calculate the minimum vapor duty of each mixture as it is split into two streams within a given column starting from the feed column. The other method simultaneously manipulates all the splits to yield the overall minimum vapor duty of the entire configuration. Of these two methods, the sequential minimization is attractive as it can be analytically solved. However, through extensive computations, we find that the sequential minimization method is not a valid substitute for the simultaneous minimization method. As the number of components in the feed increases, the fraction of the basic configurations for which sequential method yields a reasonable estimate decreases rapidly, thereby emphasizing the need for a more robust and reliable global optimization algorithm. © 2012 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 59: 971–981, 2013     

反应精馏相关技术研究进展(Ⅱ)--过程优化与控制技术

反应精馏是近些年来发展起来的一种特殊的精馏形式,它将化学反应和分离过程耦合在一个设备中同时进行,具有传统工艺无法比拟的优势,已成为化工自动化领域的研究热点。由于反应和分离共存,给反应精馏的控制和优化带来了新的问题。本文以此为背景综述反应精馏研究中的关键方向———操作优化和控制技术的研究进展,并对其研究前景进行展望。     

An improved control vector iteration approach for nonlinear dynamic optimization. II. Problems with path constraints简

This paper considers dealing with path constraints in the framework of the improved control vector iteration （CVI） approach. Two available ways for enforcing equality path constraints are presented, which can be directly incorporated into the improved CVI approach. Inequality path constraints are much more difficult to deal with, even for small scale problems, because the time intervals where the inequality path constraints are active are unknown in advance. To overcome the challenge, the ll penalty function and a novel smoothing technique are in-troduced, leading to a new effective approach. Moreover, on the basis of the relevant theorems, a numerical algo-rithm is proposed for nonlinear dynamic optimization problems with inequality path constraints. Results obtained from the classic batch reaCtor operation problem are in agreement with the literature reoorts, and the comoutational efficiency is also high.     

精馏-渗透汽化集成在化工中的应用

介绍渗透汽化与精馏集成过程的相关工艺路线和该技术的研究应用和进展,并拟对不同工艺的性能特点进行了比较和论述,最后提出了一些渗透汽化与精馏集成技术所面临的难题的解决措施,为该技术的进一步发展提供参考。     

膜蒸馏过程强化及优化技术研究进展

膜蒸馏作为一种新型的膜分离技术,具有脱盐率高、可处理高浓度原料液等技术优势,近年来引起学术界及工业界的广泛关注.膜蒸馏技术可被应用于海水淡化,工业废水/苦盐水脱盐及糖、盐、果汁、有机/无机酸、碱液等的浓缩过程.但由于当前膜蒸馏能耗及成本较高,一定程度上限制了该技术的工业化.本文重点介绍了可用于强化膜蒸馏过程和优化该过程能量利用的方法及研究进展,主要包括膜材料和膜制备方法/工艺的进展、膜蒸馏过程操作条件的优化、改进膜组件和辅助装置的应用、太阳能和低品位热源的使用、蒸发冷凝潜热的回收以及耦合其他分离过程的复合膜蒸馏系统,同时分析了膜蒸馏技术处理高盐工业废水的应用前景,最后探讨和总结了膜蒸馏过程强化及优化的研究方向,为该技术的进一步发展提供了科学性指导.     

分级优化用于边值固定的化工动态优化问题

针对边值固定的化工动态优化问题, 提出了分级优化策略, 包括约束优先与目标优先两种方案, 它们的基本思想是将原问题转化为一系列的边值无约束问题, 采用目前成熟的优化算法加以集成即可实现. 对于控制变量受箱型约束的问题, 采用三角函数转换将其转化为控制无约束问题. 分级优化策略避免了罚函数策略的缺陷. 实例研究显示了分级优化策略能以足够的精度满足边值约束, 三角函数转换法是可行的.     

非线性污水处理过程的多目标优化

研究了复杂非线性污水处理过程的多目标优化。针对污水处理过程的非线性动力系统,建立了使污水处理过程运行成本和描述实际输出与期望输出偏差的平方可积误差设计指标同时达到最优的多目标优化模型。采用间接优化方法,首先将描述污水处理过程优化的多目标非线性问题转化为多目标线性规划问题,然后利用遗传算法对其进行求解。本文方法不仅获得了多目标优化问题的近似Pareto前沿,而且由于采用的是多目标线性规划方法,所以具有计算成本低的优点。     

平流双效精馏流程模拟与优化设计

针对平流双效精馏流程进行了具体研究,建立了最优化设计数学模型并编制了通用计算机程序,用实例对所建立的数学模型及优化设计方法和节能效果进行考核。提出了简捷优化法与逐板严格计算优化相结合的方法,克服了以往优化设计计算中仅求得局部最优解的弊端。     

基于过程模型的常压蒸馏装置在线能量优化

提出了一种基于严格机理模型和塔板水力学模型的常压蒸馏过程在线能量优化策略,在某炼油厂先进的计算机网络和数据库技术基础上,开发和实现了常压蒸馏过程能量在线优化系统,取得了良好的效果。