环氧树脂复合材料的摩擦学性能研究

综述了环氧树脂复合材料摩擦学性能研究的前沿进展,从无机润滑填料、纳米填料、纤维、有机填料的单一填充以及无机/无机、有机/无机、纤维/填料复合填充等方面阐述了环氧树脂复合材料中填充不同填料改性对其摩擦磨损性能的影响。复合填充多种填料可提高环氧树脂复合材料的耐磨损性能,降低其摩擦系数,使环氧树脂复合材料具有更优异的摩擦学性能。     

改性凹凸棒石及硅灰石填充PTFE的摩擦性能研究

采用硅烷偶联剂（KH550）及十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTAB）对凹凸棒石粉体进行改性，并将改性前后的凹凸棒石粉体与硅灰石复合填充至聚四氟乙烯（PTFE），制备PTFE复合材料。采用傅里叶红外光谱仪（FTIR）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、邵氏硬度计、环块摩擦磨损试验机、万能试验机对改性凹凸棒石粉体的理化性能及复合材料摩擦学性能进行表征。结果表明：凹凸棒石及硅灰石的加入可以降低复合材料的磨损率。经CTAB改性的凹凸棒石与硅灰石填充至PTFE，复合材料的邵氏硬度增至70，磨损率降至1.54×10-6 mm3/（N·m），压缩性能提高40%左右。对凹凸棒石进行表面改性，可提高粉体与PTFE基体的界面结合，从而改善复合材料摩擦学性能和力学性能。     

不同硬质增强填料对PTFE性能的影响

分别以体积分数均为25%的碳纤维(CF)、硅灰石纤维(WF)、聚酰亚胺(PI)、聚苯酯(POB)、铜粉(Cu)5种硬质填料对聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)进行改性，对比研究了不同填料对PTFE力学性能、蠕变性能、导热性能和摩擦学性能的影响，并对试样磨痕表面微观形貌进行分析，探讨了硬质增强填料提升PTFE耐磨损性能的机理。结果表明，5种硬质填料均可明显提高PTFE的硬度和压缩强度，改善蠕变性能和导热性能，但会降低拉强度和断裂伸长率。其中，CF改性PTFE的拉伸强度和压缩强度最高、抗蠕变性能最好，而Cu改性PTFE的硬度最大、导热性能最好。在摩擦过程中，由于填料会在磨痕界面逐渐富集，改性PTFE的耐磨损性能会得到显著提高，3种无机填料会使PTFE的摩擦因数增大，但是聚合物填料PI、POB则反而使得PTFE的摩擦因数略有降低。POB改性的PTFE摩擦因数仅为0.19，体积磨损率约为4.21×10^-6 mm³/(N·m)，耐磨损性能比纯PTFE提升了260倍，摩擦学性能最为突出。     

填料改性PTFE复合材料的性能

用MG-2000型高速高温摩擦磨损试验机对4组填料填充PTFE复合材料摩擦磨损性能进行研究,并考察相同含量填料由一元增至三元对其摩擦学性能及力学性能的影响。结果表明:单一CF与其混合填料均能提高PTFE复合材料的硬度及压缩强度,降低比重,大幅增强PTFE耐磨性;混合填料改性效果更明显,其中三元填料改性效果最优,且CF/SiC纤维/石墨三元填料改性比CF/GF/石墨三元填料改性效果更佳;石墨、CF与SiC纤维协同效应更显著。     

PEEK的改性及应用

综述对聚醚醚酮（PEEK）进行纤维增强、无机填料填充及有机材料共混等改性,提高其高温稳定性能、摩擦学性能和生物相容性等方面的最新研究进展简述了PEEK在航空航天、机械、汽车、生物食品工程、电子电气等对材料力学、热、化学、燃烧等性能有特殊要求的工程领域的应用.     

聚四氟乙烯复合材料填充改性研究进展

详细介绍了金属填料、无机物填料、有机物填料和纳米材料对聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）的填充改性研究，并提出填充改性PTFE研究建议。     

填充改性聚四氟乙烯的力学性能研究进展

冲击引发的聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)基反应材料是一种性能优异的新型含能复合材料,高能量水平、钝感和独特的能量释放性使其备受关注,但力学性能较差等缺陷在一定程度上限制了其广泛应用。综述多种填充剂包括无机填料、金属及金属氧化物、纳米粒子、晶须及有机填料等增强非含能性PTFE基复合材料拉伸性能和冲击性能研究进展,期望在改善PTFE基反应材料的力学性能时有一定借鉴作用。     

氟化工专利精选

1种改性聚四氟乙烯树脂的承压耐磨材料 1种改性聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）树脂的承压耐磨材料,以无机填料和聚苯酯为改性剂,与PTFE树脂按一定比例进行充分混合后,通过冷压烧结或热压烧结制成。聚苯酯具有高度的自润滑性,可解决普通的填充PTFE所存在的磨耗较大,尤其是对对磨偶件有较大损伤等问题,无机填料可提高材料的承压性能。该发明的材料可作为极其苛刻条件下,如高温、高压、无油润滑、腐蚀等使用的零部件。由该发明改性PTFE树脂制得的耐磨材料具有极小的平均磨耗系数,该材料最大的特点是耐磨耗,压缩强度高,不易变形,可广泛用于机械、航空、航天、电子、电气等工业领域。     

无机填料对聚四氟乙烯复合材料的摩擦学性能影响研究现状

简要介绍了聚四氟乙烯作为润滑材料的优点、不足、摩擦学作用机理以及目前我国使用无机填料对聚四氟乙烯材料进行改性的研究现状,针对无机填料填充聚四氟乙烯复合材料存在的问题,对以后研究方向提出了一定的见解.     

无机纳米粒子填充改性聚四氟乙烯复合材料的研究

研究了无机纳米粒子在聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)材料中的分散方法，以及纳米Al2O3、纳米SiO2的填充改性对PTFE复合材料力学性能和耐磨性能的影响。结果表明：机械混合和气流粉碎的组合方式可使无机纳米粒子在PTFE中得到均匀分散；用量0。3％的纳米Al2O3提高了PTFE材料的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率，用量3％的纳米SiO2显著改善了PTFE材料的耐磨耗性能；纳米Al2O3和纳米SiO2协同改性PTFE，获得了拉伸强度27．4MPa、断裂伸长率306．7％、邵D硬度60．0、磨耗量0．001g和摩擦系数0．20的综合性能优异的改性PTFE耐磨耗材料，该改性PTFE材料适用于汽车发动机曲轴油密封件的制备。     

Effects of various kinds of fillers on the tribological behavior of polytetrafluoroethylene composites under dry and oil‐lubricated conditions

Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)‐based composites filled with various inorganic fillers in a volume fraction of 30% were prepared. The tribological behavior of the PTFE composites sliding against AISI52100 steel under dry and liquid paraffin‐lubricated conditions was investigated on an MHK‐500 model ring‐on‐block test rig. The morphologies of worn surfaces and wear debris were observed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and an optical microscope. As the results, different fillers show different effects on the tribological behavior of the PTFE composites, while the composite shows much different tribological behavior under lubricated conditions as compared with dry sliding. The tribological behavior of the PTFE composites under dry sliding is greatly related to the uniformity and thickness of the transfer films. Only the PTFE composites with a transfer film of good uniformity and proper thickness may have excellent tribological behavior. The PTFE composites show much better tribological behavior under lubrication of liquid paraffin than under dry sliding, namely, the friction coefficients are decreased by 1 order of magnitude and the wear rate by 1–3 orders of magnitude. Observation of the worn composite surfaces with SEM indicates that fatigue cracks were generated under lubrication of liquid paraffin, owing to the absorption and osmosis of liquid paraffin into the microdefects of the PTFE composites. The creation and development of the fatigue cracks led to fatigue wear of the PTFE composites. This would reduce the mechanical strength and load‐supporting capacity of the PTFE composites. Therefore, the tribological behavior of the PTFE composites under lubrication of liquid paraffin is greatly dependent on the compatibility between the PTFE matrix and the inorganic fillers. In other words, the better is the compatibility between PTFE and fillers the better is the tribological behavior of the composites. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 80: 1891–1897, 2001     

聚四氟乙烯复合材料摩擦学性能研究

综述了PTFE复合材料摩擦学性能的国内外研究进展,系统阐述了不同填料对PTFE复合材料摩擦学性能的影响,指出多种填料混合填充可提高PTFE复合材料的承载能力和耐磨损性能,降低其摩擦系数.     

腐蚀环境中纤维增强聚四氟乙烯复合材料的摩擦磨损性能研究

分别研究了不同含量碳纤维(CF)、玻璃纤维(GF)填充聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）复合材料在硫酸溶液中和干摩擦条件下的摩擦学性能,同时考察了PTFE复合材料在酸中的腐蚀行为,探讨了相关机理。结果表明,在酸中GF能够提高PTFE的耐磨性,比CF在提高PTFE耐磨性方面具有更好的优势。就酸溶液中的耐磨性和耐腐蚀性而言,15 %（质量分数,下同）是填料的最佳含量,此时GF和CF填充的PTFE,耐磨性分别较纯PTFE提高了7.7和4.4倍;当填料的含量超过15 %时,复合材料的耐磨性和耐腐蚀性均下降,主要是由于此时犁削和磨粒磨损是PTFE复合材料的主要磨损机制。由于酸溶液的冷却和润滑作用,硫酸溶液中PTFE复合材料的摩擦因数大幅降低,但酸溶液抑制了对磨面上转移膜的形成。     

Impact of fillers and counterface topography on wear behavior of PTFE polymers for ultrasonic motor

Aimed to study the effects of reinforcing or functional fillers on mechanical and tribological properties of PTFE‐based friction materials of ultrasonic motor, carbon fibers reinforced PTFE composites modified with different functional fillers with differences in dimension, size, and hardness are fabricated. The tribological performances of PTFE‐based friction materials are comparatively investigated under different sliding velocities and normal loads on different surface morphologies, respectively. The experimental results reveal that nano‐SiO₂ shows excellent performance in improving friction stabilities and wear resistance in different operating conditions. It is believed the silica‐based tribofilms, higher deformation resistance, and bearing capacity play a key role in improving friction stabilities. Furthermore, the results also show that the surface topography plays an important role in wear properties. The lower wear rate (sliding against with the disordered surface) is believed to be attributed to wear debris easy‐store characteristic of the topography, which promotes transfer films formation and decreases the wear rate effectively. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017 , 134, 44835.     

改性聚四氟乙烯摩擦学研究进展

介绍了PTFE及其复合材料摩擦磨损性能的国内外研究进展.详细阐述了改性聚四氟乙烯的摩擦性能的三种方法及其优缺点,指出摩擦学领域改性PTFE的主要方法为填充改性,并总结了PTFE及其复合材料摩擦磨损性能的主要研究方向.     

混杂填料增强聚四氟乙烯复合材料的摩擦学性能研究

采用MM-200型摩擦磨损试验机对纳米SiC、MoS2和石墨填充聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)复合材料在干摩擦条件下与45#钢对摩时的摩擦磨损性能进行了研究,探讨了MoS2、石墨及纳米SiC的协同效应。认为纳米SiC的加入大大提高了复合材料的承载能力,石墨、MoS2的加入减少PTFE复合材料的摩擦因数。利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对PTFE复合材料的摩擦面进行了观察。结果表明:实验中5%nano-SiC和3%MoS2填充PTFE复合材料的摩擦磨损性能最好,且在高载荷下的摩擦磨损性能尤为突出,具有一定的应用价值。     

A study on the tribological behavior of hybrid PTFE/Kevlar fabric composites filled with nano‐SiC and/or submicron‐WS2 fillers

The tribological behaviors of hybrid PTFE/Kevlar fabric composites filled with nano‐SiC and/or submicron‐WS₂ fillers were studied. Scanning electron microscopy and energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectrometer were used for analysis of the worn surface, transfer film, and debris of the PTFE/Kevlar fabric composites. In addition, the wear volume loss of the composite was measured by means of a laser microscopic 3D and profile measurement apparatus. The results indicate that although both single fillers and hybrid fillers can reduce the wear rate of composites, but hybrid fillers filled composites could achieve the desired comprehensive tribological properties in dry sliding. The improved tribological performance of filled composites can be attributed to two aspects: the formation of a thin and tenacious transfer film on the counter‐surface, and the restrain the formation of larger debris. Tiny wear debris was easily trapped in the gap of a worn surface and can repair the damaged surface. In addition, the trapped debris could be considered as a secondary source of lubricant. POLYM. COMPOS., 37:2218–2226, 2016. © 2015 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Evaluation of wood composite additives in the mechanical property changes of PE blends

Maleated polyethylene (MAPE) and dicumyl peroxide (DCP) are both popularly used in polyethylene‐based composites combining with organic fillers such as natural fibers and inorganic fillers such as nanoclay. Systematic studies were undertaken to investigate the influences of MAPE and DCP on the mechanical properties and plasticity of PE composites with or without natural fibers. In addition, the effect of the fiber adding sequence was examined to obtain superior mechanical properties. POLYM. COMPOS., 36:287–293, 2015. © 2014 Society of Plastics Engineers     

The effect of annealing of milled carbon fibers on the mechanical and tribological properties of solid-lubricant thermoplastic polyimide-based composites

The mechanical and tribological properties of polyimide (PI)-based composites loaded with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and milled carbon fibers (MCF) in the as received and annealed states were studied in order to increase adhesion to the polymer matrix. It has been shown that loading with micron-range MCF (200 μm) doubles elastic modulus of the composites while all other physical and mechanical properties remain at neat PI levels. The three-component composite loaded with annealed MCF and PTFE has possessed the highest wear resistance. In comparison with neat PI, its wear rate has decreased by ∼312 times for the metal-polymer tribological contact and by ∼286 times for the ceramic-polymer one. Based on the obtained experimental data, the most preferential conditions for their implementation (load-speed modes for the given types of the tribological contacts) have been determined using a developed computer algorithm. The designed solid-lubricant ''PI + 10 wt% PTFE + 10 wt% MCF_annealed'' composite has been recommended for both metal-polymer and ceramic-polymer tribological units.     

纳米Si3N4及其混杂填料改性PTFE的性能研究

采用模压成型的方法制备了纳米氮化硅(Si3N4)与二硫化钼(MoS2)、玻璃纤维(GF)、纳米三氧化二铝(Al2O3)混合填充的聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)复合材料,研究了PTFE复合材料的力学性能和摩擦学性能。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察分析了拉伸断面形貌及增强机理。结果表明：Si3N4及其混杂填料均使复合材料表面硬度增大;PTFE/Si3N4/Al2O3纳米复合材料具有较好的拉伸性能;混杂填料均可以显著改善PTFE复合材料的耐磨性能,其中5 %的Si3N4与10 %的Al2O3混杂填充复合材料的耐磨性最好,填料对复合材料摩擦因数影响不大。SEM分析表明,纳米Si3N4、Al2O3与PTFE基体界面结合较好。