国内期刊荟萃

改性丙烯酸树脂钢结构防火涂料制备研究张爱黎等.电镀与精饰,2009,31（10）：38 以丙烯酸树脂为基料,三聚氰胺聚磷酸盐为脱水催化剂,季戊四醇为成碳剂,三聚氰胺为发泡剂,可膨胀石墨和Mg（OH）2纳米颗粒为复合阻燃剂制备超薄型钢结构防火涂料。研究结果表明,可膨胀石墨与Mg（OH）2纳米颗粒具有协同作用,同时添加5％可膨胀石墨和1．5％Mg（OH）2,涂层厚度为1．8mm,涂层耐火时间可达到106min。     

可膨胀石墨改性氯醚树脂钢结构防火涂料的研究

以氯醚树脂、丙烯酸树脂为成膜物,聚磷酸铵(APP)、季戊四醇(PER)、三聚氰胺(EN)为阻燃发泡体系,通过添加可膨胀石墨,提高了防火涂料炭质层的质量和热稳定性.研制出一种具有良好的附着力、耐候性及阻燃性的超薄膨胀型钢结构防火涂料,该防火涂料遇火涂层发泡膨胀,形成具有一定高度的密实微孔状阻燃层.     

水性饰面型防火涂料的制备及其耐火性能研究

以可膨胀石墨(EG)和绢云母为新的阻燃材料,三聚氰胺(MEL)、聚磷酸铵(APP)、季戊四醇(PER)为膨胀阻燃体系,水性乳液为基体制备水性饰面型防火涂料;采用自制高温电炉装置,研究EG与绢云母配比、膨胀阻燃体系、基体拼合对水性饰面防火涂料性能的影响.结果表明,可膨胀石墨和绢云母的质量比为5∶3,APP/MEL/PER的质量比为4∶3∶3,氯偏乳液与纯丙AC261P乳液质量比为22∶3时,制备的防火涂料涂层受热膨胀效果显著,形成了“窝状”构的膨胀炭质层,炭质层孔洞均匀致密,与基材粘附性好、强度高,耐火性能最好,耐火时间高达22min.     

水性钢结构防火涂料的制备及其耐火性能研究

以水性树脂为基体,聚磷酸铵(APP)、三聚氰胺(MEL)、季戊四醇(PER)为膨胀阻燃体系,可膨胀石墨(EG)和绢云母为填料制备了水性膨胀型钢结构防火涂料;研究了基体拼合、膨胀阻燃体系、EG与绢云母配比对钢结构防火涂料性能的影响。结果表明:氯偏乳液与纯丙AC261P乳液质量比为22:3,APP、MEL、PER的质量比为4:3:3,可膨胀石墨和绢云母的质量比为5:3时,制备的防火涂料涂层受热膨胀倍率为5.68倍,形成了"蜂窝状"结构的膨胀炭质层,孔洞均匀致密,与钢板粘附性好、强度高,耐火性能好,耐火极限高达2 997 s。     

钼酸铵与可膨胀石墨改性超薄型钢结构防火涂料的研究

采用钼酸铵(AM)、可膨胀石墨(EG)和AM/EG对三聚氰胺聚磷酸盐(MPP)/三聚氰胺(MEL)/季戊四醇(PER)超薄型防火涂料进行改性,制备改性涂料.耐火性能测试、TGA分析表明,与EG改性相比,AM、EG协同改性延长了耐燃时间,提高了残炭量.采用Freeman方法计算了防火涂料的热降解活化能,AM/EG改性较EG改性的防火涂料在200～330℃、330～500℃阶段的活化能分别提高了59.72 kJ/mol和67.71 kJ/mol,AM/EG改性防火涂料防火性能好.     

防火涂料

<正>201504023硅酸锆对膨胀型石墨防火涂料的影响研究[刊,英]/Ullah,Sami等//Polymer Degradation and Stability,2014(103).-49~62在一种涂料组合物(含有可膨胀石墨、聚磷酸铵、三聚氰胺、硼酸、双酚A环氧树脂、ACR固化剂等)中加入硅酸锆作为防火增强剂,并研究了不同用量对防火涂料的炭层膨胀、热屏蔽性能、炭层形貌及组成的影     

水性超薄型钢结构防火涂料的研制

介绍了采用聚合物乳液作为粘结剂,高聚合度的聚磷酸铵和季戊四醇、三聚氰胺作为化学膨胀体系,可膨胀石墨作为物理膨胀体系生产的水性超薄型钢结构防火涂料。探讨了提高防火涂料防火时效及耐候性的方法。     

水性超薄型室内钢结构防火涂料的制备

介绍了以聚磷酸铵、三聚氰胺、季戊四醇、硅藻土、可膨胀石墨、VAE乳液,配制了水性超薄型室内钢结构防火涂料,提高了防火膨胀炭层的强度。该防火涂料各项技术指标都达到了GB 14907—2018《钢结构防火涂料》中规定的指标。     

防火涂料

<正>201509019功能性石墨纳米片-三聚磷酸盐复合物对钢结构用膨胀型防火涂料防火性能的影响研究[刊,英]/Mohammadi,Somayeh//Polymer Degradation and Stability.-2015(120).-135~148采用三聚磷酸钠(TPP)对功能性石墨纳米片(FGNP)进行改性,可作为一种热氧化抑制剂。上述纳米粒子(FGNP-TPP)能够有效提高传统膨胀型防火涂料的防火性能。FT-IR结果显示,TPP和FGNP纳米材料通过氢键结合。TEM研究表明,FGNP-TPP纳米粒子均匀分散在环氧树脂中;TGA测试结果显示,     

水性膨胀型隧道防火防霉涂料

以硅丙乳液为基料,以改性聚磷酸铵、三聚氰胺、双季戊四醇、偶氮二甲酰胺为阻燃剂,以钛白粉、硼酸锌、可膨胀石墨为填料,以纳米SiO2为改性剂,在负离子抗菌添加剂和多种助剂配合下,制备的水性隧道防火涂料,具有防火性好、黏附性强、防霉抗菌、防水抗渗、环保无毒、装饰性好、施工方便等特点。     

OMMT和EG/MH协同阻燃LLDPE的研究

采用氢氧化镁(MH)、膨胀石墨(EG)和有机蒙脱土(OMMT)为阻燃剂制备了无卤阻燃线性低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE),研究了OMMT对LLDPE/EG/MH阻燃性能和力学性能的影响。结果表明:少量OMMT的加入,可以有效改善LLDPE/EG/MH的力学性能、阻燃性能和热稳定性。当OMMT质量分数为3.0%时,LLDPE/EG/MH/OMMT的拉伸强度和冲击强度分别为1.4 MPa和26.5 kJ/m~2;极限氧指数为35.0%,符合UL-94 V-0级;其热释放速率峰值、平均热释放速度、生烟速率和总生烟量比LLDPE/EG/MH的低。     

Thermal and fire behavior of isophorone diisocyanate based polyurethane foams containing conventional flame retardants

This work reports on the fire behavior of isophorone diisocyanate‐based polyurethane foams containing different conventional flame retardants (FRs) such as melamine, ammonium polyphosphate, aluminum hydroxide, expandable graphite, and their combinations. The foams were obtained in a laboratory scale and characterized in terms of their morphology, density, thermal stability, and fire behavior. According to atomic force microscopy, the incorporation of FRs decreased the phase separated domain size. The cellular structure of the foams was examined qualitatively by scanning electron microscopy while the quantitative analysis of the surrounding skin was performed by optical microscopy and Image J. The FR containing foams showed more and smaller cells. The thermogravimetric analysis showed that the FRs had no influence in the initial degradation temperature of the foams. However, the obtained residue values were higher than the theoretical ones, indicating that there was some type of interaction between the FRs and the foams. The fire behavior of polyurethane foams was studied by the cone calorimeter and the data showed that the introduction of expandable graphite and combinations of ammonium polyphosphate/melamine to the reference foam gave rise to a significant reduction in the total heat release. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018 , 135, 45944.     

Enhanced flame retardancy,smoke suppression,and acid resistance of polypropylene/magnesium hydroxide composite by expandable graphite and microencapsulated red phosphorus

Low flame retardant efficiency and poor acid resistance of filled polymer composites are two main drawbacks of magnesium hydroxide (MH) as a flame retardant (FR). To solve these problems, expandable graphite (EG) and microencapsulated red phosphorus (MRP) were introduced into polypropylene/magnesium hydroxide (PP/MH) composite by melt compounding. The obtained PP/MH/EG/MRP quadruple composite was studied regarding its fire behavior as well as acid resistance. Obvious flame retardant synergism among MH, EG, and MRP is found in PP, which diminishes the loading of FR from 63.0 to 37.5 wt% to obtain V-0 rating in UL-94 test and low smoke release. Compact intumescent char with high thermo-oxidative stability was generated on composite surface, which plays a vital role in flame retardancy. The removal of MH by acid erosion on PP/MH/EG/MRP composite surface does not affect production of intumescent char and fire behavior of this composite. The composite displays good fire retardancy, smoke inhibition, and acid resistivity concurrently. This article renders an easy and cheap route to overcome the main faults of MH.     

Influence of expandable graphite on flame retardancy and thermal stability property of unsaturated polyester resins/organic magnesium hydroxide composites

An eco-friendly flame retardant unsaturated polyester resin (UPR) material was prepared by combination organic magnesium hydroxide (OMH) and expandable graphite (EG). Different from direct addition of magnesium hydroxide (MH) in UPR matrix-like traditional method, OMH as a reactive monomer participates in the polycondensation reaction of UPR was more effective in improving the compatibility of flame retardant with matrix. Interestingly, the flame retardant UPR composites exhibited a more satisfactory flame retardant effect when a certain amount of 8 wt % EG was added into UPR/OMH matrix because of the synergistic effect between OMH and EG, resulted in the limited oxygen index from 21.7 to 28.5% and UL-94 test passed V-0 rating. Moreover, the peak heat release rate, total heat release, and smoke production rate of flame retardant UPR composites significantly reduced. The excellent flame retardancy was due to the formation of a dense and continuous carbon layer in the later stages of combustion. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020 , 137, 47881.     

Influence of modified polyethylene compatibilizer on filler dispersion and flammability characteristics of linear low density polyethylene/cyclo olefin copolymer blends containing flame retardant combinations

In this study, the combination of organomodified montmorillonite (MMT), magnesium hydroxide (MDH), graphene oxide (GO) and expandable graphite (EG) as intumescent flame retardant for Linear Low-Density Polyethylene-Cyclo-Olefin Copolymer (LLDPE/COC) blends has been investigated. An amine-alcohol modified polyethylene (PEgDMAE) was used as compatibilizer. Limiting oxygen index (LOI), cone calorimeter determinations and flammability test (Underwriters Laboratory – UL-94) were used to evaluate the flame retardant properties. The structural characterization was measured by FTIR and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The mechanical properties were also evaluated by Dynamic-mechanical analysis (DMA). The PEgDMAE compatibilizer enhanced the filler dispersion and increased the LOI to 22% for clay, 23% for GO and 26.5% for EG composites. The results indicated that the combination of each additive makes it possible to reduce the total Magnesium hydroxide filler content from 55 to 20% to achieve the flame retardant requirements. The flame retardant and mechanical properties of LLDPE/COC blends increased to a higher extent when using the combination of these additive fillers.     

球形氧化镁的控制合成研究

以聚乙烯吡咯烷酮为控制剂,氯化镁、氢氧化钠和氨水为原料,经静态反应制备出球形氢氧化镁前驱体,再经煅烧得到球形氧化镁。研究了控制剂种类、控制剂用量、反应物浓度、反应时间等因素对球形氧化镁形貌的影响,并用XRD、SEM等分析手段对产物做了表征。结果表明：在控制剂为聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、添加量为1.0%（质量分数）、氯化镁浓度为1.0 mol/L、氢氧化钠浓度为0.25 mol/L、反应时间为24 h的条件下,获得球形氢氧化镁前驱物;前驱物氢氧化镁在600 ℃下煅烧2 h,制得的球形氧化镁颗粒大小均匀、分散性好、球形度高,平均粒径为4.53 μm。     

Preparation of borate–modified expandable graphite and its flame retardancy on acrylonitrile‐butadiene‐styrene resin

A borate‐modified expandable graphite (written as MEG) was prepared through one step intercalating reaction of natural graphite, using KMnO₄ as oxidant, H₂SO₄ and sodium tetraborate as intercalator and assistant intercalator, respectively. The dilatability, structure, element contents, thermal stability, and flame retardancy on acrylonitrile‐butadiene‐styrene (ABS) were investigated. Compared with the normal expandable graphite (written as EG, which was prepared with only H₂SO₄ as intercalator), the results show that MEG exhibits higher expandable property, thermal stability and flame retardancy on ABS. The EDS, FT‐IR, and XRD results reveal that borate has been inserted into graphite layers. With the addition of MEG or EG at a 30 wt%, LOI of 70ABS/30MEG composite improved to 27.9%, 2.2% higher than that of 70ABS/30EG. Moreover, the synergistic effect between MEG and traditional intumescent flame retardant (IFR, consists of ammonium polyphosphate (APP), pentaerythritol (PER), and melamine (MEL) with a mass ratio of 7.5:4.5:3.0) improves the LOI of 70ABS/15MEG/15IFR composite to 32.6%, and the UL‐94 level reaches V‐0. This synergistic efficiency is attributed to the formation of continuous and compact residual char. Addition of MEG together with IFR changes the ABS pyrolysis behavior, and there is not only physical synergy, but also chemical reaction. POLYM. COMPOS., 37:2673–2683, 2016. © 2015 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Effect of expandable graphite and ammonium polyphosphate on the thermal degradation and weathering of intumescent fire-retardant coating

This research aims to study the effect of ammonium polyphosphate and expandable graphite on the intumescent coating formulations (ICF). The coating presented in this research article is based on carbon source expandable graphite (EG), blowing agent melamine, acid source ammonium polyphosphate (APP), epoxy resin as a binder with polyamide amine. The stability of the developed coating was verified at 950°C for 1-hour fire test. The results showed that the coating is stable and well bond with the steel substrate. The char was characterized by using FESEM, XRD, FTIR, DTA, TGA, XPS, Py-GCMS and Weathering Test. The morphology of the char was studied by SEM of the coating after furnace fire test. XRD and FTIR show the presence of graphite, borophosphate; boron oxide and sassolite in the residual char. TGA and DTG disclosed that EG improved the residual mass of coating. XPS analysis showed the char residue of IF5-APP-EG contains carbon and oxygen contents 47.50 and 40.70, respectively. Py-GCMS analysis described that the IF5-APP-EG released less gaseous compounds. The weathering test illustrated that's the char expansion of coatings samples was decreased due to the presence of a humid environment and UV light. The IF5-APP-EG showed the maximum char expansion, lower substrate temperature and high residual weight among the studied formulations.     

微胶囊红磷阻燃剂在低密度聚乙烯材料中的应用研究

研究了微胶囊红磷不同包覆、用量、粒径及与其它阻燃剂的协效作用等因素对低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)材料的阻燃性、力学性能及抑烟性能的影响。蜜胺树脂囊材包覆与蜜胺树脂／硼酸锌双层囊材包覆微胶囊红磷在聚乙烯(PE)中的阻燃性最好；8phr的微胶囊红磷添加量即可使材料的阻燃性能达UL 94V-0级，极限氧指数(LOI)从17．4％上升到22．5％；在添加量范围内对材料的力学性能影响很小；二元体系中，微胶囊红磷／氢氧化铝，微胶囊红磷／氢氧化镁与微胶囊红磷／硼酸锌复配具有良好的阻燃协效作用，协效指数分别为1．6、1．4和2．3，微胶囊红磷／硼酸锌二元复合体系有良好的抑烟协效作用，三元体系中，微胶囊红磷／硼酸锌／十溴联苯醚、微胶囊红磷／氢氧化铝／氢氧化镁和微胶囊红磷／硼酸锌／三聚氰胺体系有很好的阻燃协效作用，协效指数分别为2．6、2．1与2．0。     

水性超薄膨胀型钢结构防火涂料的制备

以有机硅改性的丙烯酸酯乳液为基料,多聚磷酸铵(APP)、季戊四醇(PER)、三聚氰胺(MEL)为膨胀阻燃体系,制备水性超薄膨胀型钢结构防火涂料;采用硼酸和可膨胀石墨(EG)改性防火涂料。研究表明,同时用w(硼酸)=4%,w(EG)=5%改性防火涂料,涂层的耐火极限达到93 min,热失质量分析(TGA)测试表明w(硼酸)=4%,w(EG)=5%共同改性的防火涂料在700℃时最终残炭量是44%。扫描电镜(SEM)分析结果表明硼酸/EG改性的残炭层形成了致密的"蜂窝"状结构。