水力压裂技术标准浅析

本文系统综述了水力压裂技术,简单地介绍了水力压裂工艺技术和其发展现状,着重介绍了几种常用的水力压裂技术,包括重复压裂技术、端部脱砂压裂技术、水平井压裂技术、定向井压裂技术以及页岩气水力压裂技术,分析了各种压裂技术的原理及使用条件。并对水力压裂技术发展趋势做出了展望,对今后水力压裂技术的发展起到了一定的指导作用。     

高级氧化技术在印染废水处理中应用的探讨

高级氧化技术是近年来备受人们关注的印染废水处理技术,本文分析了印染废水的基本特征,并就高级氧化技术中的超临界水氧化技术、湿式氧化技术、臭氧氧化技术、电化学氧化技术、Fenton氧化技术、超声波处理技术和光催化氧化技术在印染废水中的应用做了阐述,介绍了各技术的基本原理和应用中优缺点,为高级氧化技术在处理印染废水的实际应用提供了理论依据。     

从原油中脱除石油酸技术现状与研究进展

介绍了近几年来国内外发展起来的石油脱酸技术方法,其中重点介绍了碱洗脱酸技术、氨醇脱酸技术、加氢脱酸技术、热分解脱酸技术、溶剂抽提脱酸技术等除去油中环烷酸技术,分析对比了各种脱酸技术的优劣,并阐述了脱酸分离技术在国内外的研究现状及发展趋势。     

煤气化废水处理技术及其应用进展

根据目前国内外应用较多的Lurgi碎煤加压气化技术、Shell干粉煤气化技术和Texaco水煤浆气化煤气化技术,总结了上述3种煤气化废水的水质,综述了煤气化废水的预处理技术、生化处理技术、深度处理技术及回用(或近零排放)技术,列举了上述技术在实际中的应用,指出了煤气化废水处理技术和回用技术的现存问题及未来发展方向。     

水中重金属污染物锑的去除及回用技术研究进展

综述了水中重金属污染物锑的危害,对近年来国内外水中锑的去除技术和回用技术进行了系统的总结,分析了物理法去除技术、化学法去除技术、生物法去除技术和回用技术的优点与缺点,并设想未来锑处理技术的发展趋势为回用技术为主、去除技术为辅。     

谈移动通信技术与互联网技术的结合

为促进移动通信技术与互联网技术的结合,笔者从移动通信技术与互联网技术的结合优势入手,对其进行了全面而深入地分析,并在此基础上全方位、深层次地探析了移动通信技术与互联网技术的结合意义,最后探究了移动通信技术与互联网技术的结合策略。     

煤的直接液化与间接液化技术进展

分析了煤液化技术在我国经济发展中的战略性意义,介绍了煤液化技术,包括直接液化技术,间接液化技术,展望了我国煤液化技术的发展方向并提出了建议。     

水中重金属污染物锑的去除及回用技术研究进展

综述了水中重金属污染物锑的危害,对近年来国内外水中锑的去除技术和回用技术进行了系统的总结,分析了物理法去除技术、化学法去除技术、生物法去除技术和回用技术的优点与缺点,并设想未来锑处理技术的发展趋势为回用技术为主、去除技术为辅。     

蒸汽裂解炉管表面抑制结焦技术研究进展

介绍了蒸汽裂解过程中抑制炉管结焦的主要技术(3D反应器技术、结焦抑制剂技术和炉管表面技术),着重综述了近十年来国内外蒸汽裂解炉管表面抑制结焦技术的研究进展,包括合金炉管材质技术、陶瓷炉管技术、炉管表面预处理技术以及炉管涂层技术的工业应用。对各炉管表面技术所面对的主要挑战进行了总结,并提出了合金炉管技术、陶瓷炉管技术、炉管表面预处理技术以及炉管涂层技术未来的发展方向。     

含油污泥处理技术研究进展

综述了我国含油污泥的危害和污染现状,总结了含油污泥无害化及资源化的常规处理技术,介绍了近几年出现的新的处理技术,包括微波处理技术、超声波处理技术、低温热解技术、超临界水氧化技术、植物修复技术以及制作橡胶填料剂,并对我国含油污泥处理技术的发展提出了建议。     

微波条件下两种煤丙酮萃取物的GC/MS分析

以丙酮作为溶剂,在微波辐射条件下对兖州煤和神府煤进行萃取,并利用气相色谱/质谱联用(GC/MS)技术对萃取物进行分析.结果表明:萃取物主要由芳烃和脂肪烃组成.在兖州煤的萃取物中芳烃主要是茶系化合物,而在神府煤的萃取物中检测出的芳烃以菲系为主;在兖州煤的萃取物中检测出多种异构烷烃,而在神府煤中只检测出一种异构烷烃.     

我国煤制乙二醇技术与工业化进展

介绍了国内煤制乙二醇技术的最新进展情况,重点介绍了国内各科研单位在这方面的研究进展及技术工业化情况,并对煤制乙二醇经济性进行了分析。总结业内专家关于煤制乙二醇发展的建议,为我国煤制乙二醇的发展指出方向。     

浅谈设计质量及控制措施

通过对由设计质量问题可能引起的后果将设计质量问题分为显性的和隐性的质量问题,并分门别类举例说明,提出相应的控制措施,其中着重对隐性的质量问题进行了具体的论述,同时结合项目管理过程中的质量控制点,从10个方面提出控制措施,可减少或避免设计引起的质量事故。     

Characterizing the chemical composition of Tang Sancai wares from five Tang dynasty kiln sites

This article aims, firstly, to characterize the chemical composition of the body samples from the Tang Sancai kiln sites of Huangye, Huangbao, Liquanfang, Xing, and Qionglai. While Huangye, Huangbao, and Liquanfang are located near the capital cities of Chang'an and Luoyang, the local kiln sites of Qionglai in Sichuan province and Xing in Hebei province are selected for comparative study. We find that the body samples from these sites maybe all made of local clay. Kaolin is used for producing the body samples from the kiln sites of Huangye, Huangbao, and Xing, but the content of K₂O and TiO₂ are different among them. At the kiln sites of Liquanfang and Qionglai, however, iron-rich ‘red clay’ and calcium-rich ‘yellow clay’ are used instead. The article also aims to characterize the glaze samples from the two kiln sites of Huangye and Huangbao. We find that the Si/Al ratios of these samples are considerably higher than the respective body samples, which implies the intentional addition of siliceous raw material to the glaze. We suspect that only the yellow glaze samples from the Huangye Kiln are mainly made of kaolin, whereas the green glaze samples from both kilns and the brown glaze samples from the Huangbao Kiln are mainly made of other source of siliceous materials. The distinct chemical composition of the Tang Sancai wares from the kilns would be instrumental for tracing the provenance of Tang Sancai wares from other contexts.     

导弹战斗部任务可靠性评估方法分析

为评估技术状态不断变化的导弹战斗部的可靠性，提出了适用于成败型产品的AMSAA模型评估方法和Gompertz模型评估方法。并对某型战斗部研制阶段的试验数据进行了评估，将评估结果与传统评估方法得到的结果进行了比对。结果表明，用二项分布评估方法得到的置信下限小于用超几何分布评估方法得到的置信下限，并且都低于用AMSAA模型评估方法得到的置信下限；用传统评估方法得到的点估计值小于用Gompertz模型评估方法得到的点估计值。着重分析了用不同方法对同一试验数据进行评估时得出不同结果的原因。结果表明，由于考虑了产品的可靠性变化趋势，用AMSAA模型评估方法和Gompertz模型评估方法得出的结果更合理。     

清凉寺窑汝瓷和张公巷窑青瓷釉的起源关系

为了探讨宝丰清凉寺窑汝瓷与汝州张公巷窑青瓷釉之间的关系,选取清凉寺窑汝官瓷釉样品31个,汝民瓷釉样品4个和张公巷窑青瓷釉样品32个,用中子活化分析(neutron activation analysis,NAA)测定每个样品中的24种元素的含量,并将NAA数据进行主成分分析及等级聚类分析.结果表明:常见着色元素Fe和Co汝官瓷釉的含量显著高于张公巷窑青瓷釉样品;汝官瓷釉料配方比较稳定,原料来源集中;汝民瓷釉料产地分散,且与汝官瓷釉料配方明显不同;张公巷窑青瓷釉料比较分散,但大部分样品与汝官瓷关系较近.由此,可以推断清凉寺窑与张公巷窑之间存在一定的联系.     

油田采油污水处理现状与发展趋势

分析总结了油田采油污水处理的基本方法，介绍了近年来国内外采油污水处理的新工艺、新技术、新设备。对其在污水处理中所发挥的作用和产生的经济效益进行了分析，以探讨其实际运用的可行性和改进方法。同时在油田污水处理实际应用之中还需根据具体情况对其进行优化组合，系统配置。从而取得最佳处理效果和经济效益。并分析了今后油田采油污水处理发展趋势，提出了膜处理技术、生物技术在未来油田污水处理中的重要地位和作用，以及良好的发展前景。     

A quantitative evaluation of a color problem in safflower oils

The dark color occasionally found in crude solvent-extracted oils from a new high-yield brown striped safflower variety originates from colorless precursors in the kernel and precursors in the hull. The precursors from the hull and the pigments formed upon heating from hull and kernel precursors are only partially removed by refining and bleaching if they are present in substantial amounts. The pigment precursors extracted from the kernels are completely removed by precipitation with water or refining. Although substantially more hull and kernel precursors are found in oil from the brown striped safflower variety, the oil can be produced in a spectrographic quality comparable to that of commercial oil if the crude extracted oil is not heated above 100 C, and if extracted and press oils are jointly refined.     

Laser-induced decomposition of PVC

A laser probe–molecular beam experimental technique devised to investigate the dynamic characteristics of polymer decomposition processes is described. Results are presented from application of the technique to the laser vaporization of pure poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC). Vaporization products are sampled directly from the source cell using modulated molecular beam mass spectrometry. Only signals arising from the PVC species in the molecular beam appear in the modulated mass spectra; background species from the residual gas are automatically rejected. Time-resolved spectra provide information on the relative evolution characteristics of the PVC decomposition products. Hydrogen chloride, benzene, and toluene are found to evolve concurrently from the irradiated PVC sample. PVC monomer species are not detected in the laser-vaporized products. The presence of loosely bound water in the sample is distinguished from the evolution of volatile decomposition products by its burst-like release mode. The effect of plasticizer and flame retardant additives on the evolution characteristics of the laser-vaporized species from PVC are also presented.     

Energy Efficiency Evaluation Based on Data Envelopment Analysis Integrated Analytic Hierarchy Process in Ethylene Production

Energy efficiency data from ethylene production equipment are of high dimension, dynamic and time sequential, so their evaluation is affected by many factors. Abnormal data from ethylene production are eliminated through consistency test, making the data consumption uniform to improve the comparability of data. Due to the limit of input and output data of decision making unit in data envelopment analysis (DEA), the energy efficiency data from the same technology in a certain year are disposed monthly using DEA. The DEA data of energy efficiency from the same technology are weighted and fused using analytic hierarchy process. The energy efficiency data from different technologies are evaluated by their relative effectiveness to find the direction of energy saving and consumption reduction.