中国干燥设备现状及进展

论述了中国干燥技术的现状和进展，重点从工业应用的角度介绍了主流干燥设备的结构特点和已达到的技术水平。将干燥设备分为喷雾干燥、气流干燥、流化床干燥、旋转快速干燥、振动流化床干燥、流化床喷雾造粒干燥、回转干燥及桨叶式干燥等几部分加以详细说明，并提出了未来研究和发展的方向。     

连续微波-红外集成真空干燥设备的设计与试验

论文详细介绍了连续式微波-红外真空干燥设备的主体结构特征、设计要点和热源选择依据,通过参数测定与加载试验验证了自行设计的连续式微波-红外真空干燥设备整机结构设计的合理性和操作方便性。用于谷胱苷肽制品的干燥应用,可以在较低温度下干燥物料,达到与喷雾干燥方法相似的低水分含量和与冷冻干燥法近似的纯度。该干燥模拟设备,技术上能满足药用级谷胱苷肽产品的工业化生产要求。     

聚丙烯酰胺的干燥技术研究

在探究聚丙烯酰胺的干燥原理及干燥设备的基础上,从聚丙烯酰胺的干燥温度、流化床干燥器的操作条件、物料在流化床内的床层厚度、流化床鼓引风大小等生产条件控制方面研究了聚丙烯酰胺的干燥技术,确定了最佳的加热器温度、造粒孔板尺寸、流化床挡板高度、鼓风风量。通过生产工艺条件的优化,为高品质、低能耗、环保型聚丙烯酰胺的生产奠定基础。     

分子筛催化剂喷雾干燥塔的计算

喷雾干燥技术作为一种主要的现代干燥技术,已经广泛应用于食品、生物制品、农产品加工、化工及医药等领域。在分子筛催化剂的生产过程中,喷雾干燥也是关键工序之一,喷雾干燥塔的规格尺寸直接影响着分子筛催化剂产品的质量,本文介绍了喷雾干燥塔尺寸的一种计算方法,该方法为分子筛催化剂喷雾干燥塔的设计、制作提供了参考,对于生产高质量分子筛催化剂具有较大意义。     

小型化卧式振动流化床干燥系统的研制

分析了变性淀粉工业生产所用的气流干燥装置不能用在中试或者高校实验的原因,同时叙述了变性淀粉干燥设备应具备的条件及选择卧式振动流化床干燥作为中试用变性淀粉干燥装置的原因。设计了变性淀粉中试用小型化卧式振动流化床干燥系统的工艺设计方案,通过纯胶这种新型的变性淀粉进行干燥,从而验证了小型化卧式振动流化床干燥系统可行性及实用性。     

ZLG系列振动流化床干燥(冷卻)机

靖江市干燥机械厂专业生产成套干燥设备已有十多年历史。近年与科研单位合作,共同改进、设计、制造了多种干燥设备,适应性广,热效率高。1993年经工商部门批准,更名成立“江苏双飞空调干燥设备制造公司”。 ZLG系列振动流化床干燥、冷却机结构新颖,节能效果明显。已成为替代进口机,取代烘箱、固定床、沸腾床等老式干燥设备的理想设备,具有90年代初世界水平。广泛用于     

旋转闪蒸干燥装置设计、制造及应用

旋转闪蒸干燥装置设计、制造及应用高炎武，李艳红（吉化公司染料厂吉林１３２０２１）一、概述旋转闪蒸干燥装置是八十年代在国外新推出的一种将干燥技术和流态化技术综合为一体的新型干燥设备，它克服了干燥设备高、能源消耗大和流化床干燥不均匀的缺点，集两者之所长，...     

流化床干燥器

<正> 八八年举办的阿西玛化工设备展览会上展出了一种新型流化床喷雾干燥器,同时还展出了用该干燥设备制得的多种产品样品。该种流化床干燥器采用了两种流体压力雾化     

组合式干燥系统的分段优化设计方法

提出了分离过程的分段设计法：将一个任务分解为多个子任务，根据各个子任务的不同特点进行设计. 对干燥过程进行优化设计，以年费用最小为目标，将干燥过程表示为最多3段的超结构，每段有2个干燥设备可以选择，给出了单元和过程系统的模型和经济模型. 实例研究结果表明，当物料含水量大于物料在该条件下的临界含水量时，宜采用两段干燥的方法，将回转圆筒干燥器和流化床干燥器组合进行干燥；当物料含水量低于临界含水量时，宜采用一段干燥，将物料直接放入流化床干燥器进行干燥.     

YPG-2800/200型压力式喷雾干燥机通过部级鉴定

由浙江尔乐干燥设备厂(原温州电泵厂)、无锡染料厂、温州染化总厂联合设计、研制的YPG—2800/200型压力式喷雾干燥机于1993年9月20～22日在青岛市通过部级鉴定。这是化工部第一套通过鉴定的压力式喷雾干燥设备。该机系气液两相并流式喷雾干燥设备,可广泛适用于热敏性物料的造粒干燥。该机根据国外引进样机,经测绘消化制造,并有重大改进,具有以下二个显著特点:1.塔底部     

喷雾干燥设备设计的数学模拟法

系统论述了喷雾干燥器内粒子的运动状态与风场流动特性及其数学模型的建立过程,在传递理论的基础上根据马歇尔方程计算了干燥过程中粒子与干燥介质之间的传质传热,通过求解粒子在干燥室内的运动方程而进行喷雾干燥设备设计的粒子运动轨迹法及设计计算程序的计算机实现过程,并用实验数据及理论解对程序的可靠性进行了论证。     

Spray Freeze Drying in a Fluidized Bed at Normal and Low Pressure

The aim of this study is to develop the spray freeze drying process and its hardware and to investigate its capabilities to dry thermosensible substances such as pharma-proteins at normal and low pressures. As the result, the spray freeze fluidized-bed dryer was constructed. During the study, the drying kinetic comparison between classical and spray freeze-drying technologies was done. Spray freeze drying has shown short process times and allows advanced control, product particle shape and size uniformity, and high solubility. This shows that the fluidized-bed freeze-drying process could be an alternative for classical freeze-drying processes. Identified problems are the low yield of the primary drying phase and the strong electrostatic effects during the secondary drying step. However, the innovative process has shown an excellent capability to dry and stabilize the thermosensitive substances, such as pharma-proteins.     

Crystallization and Drying of Milk Powder in a Multiple-Stage Fluidized Bed Dryer

The rationale of this study has been to use fluidized beds to crystallize amorphous spray-dried skim milk powders with multiple stages of processing at different temperatures and humidities with the aim of rapidly making mostly crystalline powders. This paper discusses the performance of a multiple-stage fluidized bed dryer, and a combination of crystallization of lactose in spray drying at high humidity (lactose nuclei formation) and subsequent fluidized bed drying. Two different combinations of spray dryer and multi-stage fluidized-bed dryer have been suggested to crystallize lactose in skim milk powder. The results show significant improvements in the crystallinity of the powders. Moisture sorption test and X-ray diffraction analysis were used to assess the crystallinity of the powders. The processed powders that were crystallized in a humid-loop spray drying combined with a two-stage fluidized-bed dryer/crystallizer showed 92% improvement in lower amorphicity by processing at different stages of 70°C, 50% RH and 80°C, 50% RH for 15 minutes. The conventionally spray-dried powders that were crystallized in a three-stage fluidized-bed dryer/crystallizer showed 87% improvement in lower amorphicity (less moisture sorption) by processing at different stages of 60°C, 50% RH; 70°C, 40% RH; and 80°C, 40% RH for 20 minutes. The multiple-stage fluidized bed system showed distinctive potential to crystallize lactose significantly in skim milk powder using an industrial-feasible process.     

干燥设备在纳米碳酸钙生产中的应用

纳米碳酸钙的生产过程中，干燥方式的选择是影响产品最终质量和成本的重要因素之一。简单介绍了纳米碳酸钙生产过程中的带式干燥、喷雾干燥和旋转闪蒸干燥等几种干燥方式，重点对桨叶一微粉干燥的工艺流程、设备选型、生产特点等进行了介绍，并对几种干燥方式所存在的优缺点进行了比较。     

Spray Freeze Drying in a Fluidized Bed at Normal and Low Pressure

The aim of this study is to develop the spray freeze drying process and its hardware and to investigate its capabilities to dry thermosensible substances such as pharma-proteins at normal and low pressures. As the result, the spray freeze fluidized–bed dryer was constructed. During the study, the drying kinetic comparison between classical and spray freeze–drying technologies was done. Spray freeze drying has shown short process times and allows advanced control, product particle shape and size uniformity, and high solubility. This shows that the fluidized-bed freeze-drying process could be an alternative for classical freeze-drying processes. Identified problems are the low yield of the primary drying phase and the strong electrostatic effects during the secondary drying step. However, the innovative process has shown an excellent capability to dry and stabilize the thermosensitive substances, such as pharma-proteins.     

New narrow tube spray dryer for precise drying history control

Of all the operating conditions in a spray dryer, temperature of the drying medium holds the key parameter in affecting the degree of crystallinity in spray-dried particles. Previous experiments only focus on controlling the drying temperature at the inlet or outlet of drying chamber to delineate the drying history of particles, precluding any detailed studies on particle development throughout the drying duration. Hence, the objective of this work is to address the current limitation by introducing a modified narrow tube spray dryer which enables in situ control of drying history. Essentially, the drying chamber consists of 10 narrow copper tubes with an internal diameter of 1.7?cm. Each individual copper tube can be heated independently to create a unique controlled drying history. Scanning electron microscopy images demonstrate the significant impact of drying history on lactose morphology with possible crystallization by even slight variations in the drying history, which further accentuates the sensitivity of degree of crystallization to temperature. With this newly developed equipment, the detailed drying history conditions can be designed and manipulated to engineer the desired particle properties.     

Narrow tube spray drying

Spray drying conventionally necessitates relatively large or elongated drying chambers. The present study examined the possibility in shrinking the spray drying chamber into narrow tube-like geometry. The key was in utilizing fine droplets which had low transport response time. A narrow copper/steel tube spray dryer (internal diameters between 12.7 and 48.0 mm) was constructed and was fitted with a two-fluid atomizer producing droplets in the size range smaller than 10 µm. Maltodextrin, lactose, and sucrose were spray-dried. The narrow tube approach allowed direct manipulation of the drying conditions via heating or cooling along the wall of the tube. This form of manipulation in the drying conditions, surprisingly, resulted in very distinctly crystalline spray-dried sucrose particles. The tube spray dryer was further modified with a long coiled-up tube, extending the particle residence time with minimal space requirements. Endoscopic analysis revealed that particle deposition within the tube resembled loosely attached particle and granules. The tube spray drying concept can potentially be used to provide precise control of the particle drying history along the length of the drying chamber, not limited to the control of the drying conditions at the inlet or outlet of a spray dryer.     

ENHANCEMENT OF SPRAY DRYING OF THERMOSENSITIVE MATERIALS

The ways to enhance spray drying of thermo-sensitive materials such as whole egg (yolk and white) are considered. New approaches to drying agent distribution and liquid spraying processes are suggested. Some experimental results are presented. A spray dryer of capacity 300 kg of water evaporated per hour has been proposed. The dryer operating parameters are compared with those of similar equipment for whole egg drying.     

Drying of Diced Carrot in a Combined Microwave-Fluidized Bed Dryer

Drying of diced carrot (∼90% wet basis) was carried out in a laboratory microwave fluidized-bed dryer (MFB) and in a standard fluidized-bed dryer (FB). It was found that the drying time in the MFB dryer is 2-5 times shorter than in the FB dryer. Drying efficiency (DE) is a function of moisture content, microwave power and temperature of drying agent. Higher values of DE are obtained for MFB dryer. For both drying systems the water removal was proceeding in two-stage falling rate period (except short initial term).     

ENHANCEMENT OF SPRAY DRYING OF THERMOSENSITIVE MATERIALS

The ways to enhance spray drying of thermo-sensitive materials such as whole egg (yolk and white) are considered. New approaches to drying agent distribution and liquid spraying processes are suggested. Some experimental results are presented. A spray dryer of capacity 300 kg of water evaporated per hour has been proposed. The dryer operating parameters are compared with those of similar equipment for whole egg drying.