我国橡胶机械行业的市场地位与前景展望

在《欧洲橡胶杂志》(ERJ)公布的2004年度"全球橡胶机械36强"中,我国有13家企业入选;2005年度的"全球橡胶机械30强"中,我国有10家进入;2006年"全球橡胶机械32强"中,我国有10家进入。2006年我国橡     

浅析化工在我国的应用

在科技迅猛发展、国际竞争日趋激烈的今天,我国正在由"化工大国"向"化工强国"逐步靠近。随着我国信息化的不断发展,化工要想从"中国制造"转变到"中国创造",信息化是一条必经之路。在我国社会经济持续、快速发展的形势下,近年来,我国化工的应用领域也是非常广泛的,化工产品的需求出现较高的增长速度。本文主要简述化工在我国的应用情况。     

试论我国境外投资保险法律制度的建立和完善

在经济全球化的国际大背景下,我国不仅要实施"引进来"的发展战略,更要着手"走出去"的发展战略.在实施"走出去"发展战略的过程中,为了保护我国境外资本在东道国的安全和利益,必须有一套健全的境外投资保险法律制度.而我国目前在这方面基本上是处于一种制度供给稀缺的状态,因此,我国有必要在对比分析他国相关制度的基础上,借鉴他国的先进制度经验,建立、健全我国的境外投资保险法律制度,以为我国"走出去"的发展战略提供坚固的"法制防火墙".     

磷化工“十二五”发展规划思路

"十二五"是我国磷化工行业进行产业结构调整、提升产业整体水平的关键时期,为充分开发利用好资源,保障我国磷化工行业的可持续发展,必须做好我国磷化工行业的整体规划。近期《磷化工"十二五"发展规划思路》(草案)发布。草案提出,"十二五"期间,我国无机磷     

《我国石化和化学工业“十三五”发展研讨会》会议报告集

受国家发改委和工信部的委托,石油和化学工业规划院分别编制完成了"十二五"规划的中期评估报告、"十三五"发展规划研究等专项课题。结合行业发展的新形势、新要求,工信部原材料司与石油和化学工业规划院已于2014年4月29—30日在云南昆明联合召开《我国石化和化学工业‘十三五’发展研讨会》,会议报告内容包括:"十三五"我国石油和化学工业发展的几点看法、开展化工企业产业升级诊断研究的建议、我国石化工业转型升级方向和重点发展产业、"十三五"我国能源化工行业发展分析、"十三五"我国化工材料行业发展分析、"十三五"我国石油化工行业发     

《我国石化和化学工业“十三五”发展研讨会》会议报告集

受国家发改委和工信部的委托,石油和化学工业规划院分别编制完成了"十二五"规划的中期评估报告、"十三五"发展规划研究等专项课题。结合行业发展的新形势、新要求,工信部原材料司与石油和化学工业规划院已于2014年4月29—30日在云南昆明联合召开《我国石化和化学工业‘十三五’发展研讨会》,会议报告内容包括:"十三五"我国石油和化学工业发展的几点看法、开展化工企业产业升级诊断研究的建议、我国石化工业转型升级方向和重点发展产业、"十三五"我国能源化工行业发展分析、"十三五"我国化工材料行业发展分析、"十三五"我国石油化工行业发     

"十一五"期间中国油气勘探前景展望与发展思路

回顾了我国"十五"期间油气勘探获得的成果,分析了当前油气勘探面临的形势,预测了"十一五"期间我国油气勘探的发展前景,提出了"十一五"期间我国油气勘探发展的总体思路和具体战略措施.     

进入"十一五"后我国石油和化学工业的前景与发展趋势

"十五"期间,我国经济增长强劲,石油化学工业经济运行质量进一步改善,石油化学工业生产总量连续位居世界前列,成为较大的石油与化学工业生产国和销售国.回顾了"十五"时期我国石油与化学工业的辉煌成就,对"十一五"时期我国石油和化学工业的前景与发展趋势进行了展望.     

“十四五”我国石化和化工行业高质量发展分析

总结分析了"十三五"我国石化和化工行业的7大发展特征;在对"十四五"我国石化和化工行业高质量发展主题、特征和内涵定义的基础上,提出了"十四五"我国石化和化工行业高质量发展的四大重点。     

简讯

我国塑机产量连续11年世界第一我国塑料机械产品2011年产量达到29.042 7万台,比2010年增长1%,继续保持了全球第一的位置,实现了"11连冠"。经过"十一五"时期的高速发展,我国塑料机械行业不再是"小河小溪"经济,不再是无足轻重的产业,其带动作用非常引人瞩目。     

Process flow sheet synthesis: Systems‐level design applied to synthetic crude production

A novel approach for conceptual design for process flow sheets at the “systems‐level” is showcased in this article. A graphical technique, called the “GH‐space,” is used to analyze the flows of material, heat and work within a process to provide insight into the interactions of various units within the process. Any unit process, which interacts with the surroundings by transferring heat and work, can be represented as a vector on the GH‐space. While material and energy balances are normally performed on a flowsheet, this vectored approach allows the material and energy balances to be used to construct a flowsheet. This article focuses on using the GH‐space to synthesis a synthetic fuels flowsheet. It was shown that a process could be designed that not only produced the desired product but could also consume carbon dioxide as a feed, along with the feeds of methane and oxygen, and could even potentially generate electricity. © 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 63: 5413–5424, 2017     

Biomass-based chemical production using techno-economic and life cycle analysis

Furfural has been selected as one of the top 30 biomass derived platform compounds by the U.S. Department of Energy based on several indicators including the raw material used for production, estimated processing cost, technical complexity, and market potential. In this work, several high value chemicals such as butadiene, surfactants, jet-fuels, and lubricants are produced from furfural. The paper proposes the integrated flowsheet to produce those chemical and techno-economic and life cycle analysis is performed to compare the minimum selling price and environmental impacts of the integrated process. The capital and operating cost for production of lubricants and surfactants is the highest when compared with other products. Production of surfactants performs the best in terms of environmental impacts except in water depletion when compared with other processes while butadiene production performs the worst regarding the environmental effects.     

双环戊二烯在不饱和聚酯生产中的应用

阐述了用双环戊二烯对不饱和聚酯进行改性的几种途径。改性后的不饱和聚酯树脂具有气干性、耐腐蚀性、高耐热性和低固化收缩率等特性。     

Linear method for the design of shell and tube heat exchangers using the Bell–Delaware method

In this article, we present a rigorous reformulation of the Bell–Delaware model for the design optimization of shell and tube heat exchanger to obtain a linear model. We extend a previously presented methodology1,2 of rigorously reformulate the mixed-integer nonlinear programing Kern model and we add disjunctions to automatically choose the different correlations to calculate heat transfer coefficients and pressure drop under different flow regimes. The linear character of the formulation allows the identification of the global optimum, even using conventional optimization algorithms. The proposed mixed-integer linear programming formulation with the Bell–Delaware method is able to identify feasible solutions for the design of heat exchangers at a lower cost than those obtained through conventional design formulations in the literature. Comparisons with the Kern method also indicate an average 22% difference (usually lower) in area.     

Intensified energetically enhanced steam methane reforming through the use of membrane reactors

This work focuses on the implementation of membrane reactors (MRs) in the production of hydrogen through steam–methane reforming (SMR). A novel equilibrium MR model featuring Gibbs Free Energy Minimization is introduced and applied to the SMR-MR process. In addition, the concept of “energetically enhanced steam methane reforming (EER),” which allows for the use of a hybrid (methane combustion/renewable energy) energy supply in the production of hydrogen, is intensified. The UNISIM software (Honeywell™) is used to create a range of intensified flowsheets depicting the proposed IEER-MR process as well as two baseline flowsheets depicting “a standard SMR-MR process” and “a fully exothermic EER process.” Heat integration studies are carried out on the developed flowsheets, and the baseline designs are compared to the IEER-MR designs to identify energetic intensification.     

A new technique for recovering energy in thermally coupled distillation using vapor recompression cycles

Even though it has been proved that a fully thermally coupled distillation (TCD) system minimizes the energy used by a sequence of columns, it is well‐known that vapor/liquid transfers between different sections produce an unavoidable excess of vapor (liquid) in some of them, increasing both the investment and operating costs. It is proposed here to take advantage of this situation by extracting the extra vapor/liquid and subjecting it to a direct/reverse vapor compression cycle. This new arrangement restores the optimal operating conditions of some of the affected sections with energy savings of around 20–30% compared with conventional TCD columns. Various examples, including the direct and reverse vapor recompression cycles, are presented. Furthermore, in each example, all possible modes of distillation (direct, indirect and Petlyuk distillation) with and without vapor recompression cycles (VRC) are compared to ensure that this approach delivers the best results. © 2013 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 59: 3767–3781, 2013     

Structure optimization of tailored ionic liquids and process simulation for shale gas separation

Shale gas, as a potential substitute for energy source, requires important processing steps before utilization. The most common separation technology applied is distillation, which is energy-intensive. With good stability, non-volatility, and tailored properties, ionic liquids (ILs) are regarded as novel potential solvents and alternative media for gas absorption. Therefore, a new strategy for hybrid shale gas separation processing, where IL-based absorption together with distillation is employed for energy-efficient and cost-economic gas processing, is developed. In this work, a three-stage methodology for shale gas separation process is proposed: IL screening, where a systematic screening method with two options (database screening and computer-aided design based on universal quasichemical functional-group activity coefficient model) is established; suitable ILs are selected as promising candidates; process design and simulation, where separation schemes and important design issues in the IL-based processes are determined; and, process evaluation, where the performance of the final separation process is evaluated and verified.     

应用先进控制实现环氧丙烷装置节能降耗

滨化集团东瑞化工有限公司的环氧丙烷装置原采用集散控制系统控制,为进一步对装置进行节能降耗,实施了先进控制。先进控制实施后取得了显著效果。先进控制投用率超过95%。环氧丙烷产量提高了1.03%,每吨环氧丙烷消耗蒸汽降低了0.0458t,同时操作平稳率大幅度提高。     

Integration of COSMO‐based methodologies into commercial process simulators: Separation and purification of reuterin

The conceptual design of a new process is developed via computer‐aided simulation for separating and purifying reuterin, an antimicrobial substance obtained by bacterial fermentation of glycerol, from its mixture with the nonfermented substrate, the main subproduct of the process (1,3‐propanediol) and water. The nondatabank components included in the simulations are created by using the structures derived from quantum mechanical calculations and the properties (molecular weight, normal boiling point, and mass density) estimated by COSMO‐RS method. The unknown remainder properties are estimated by the methods and models used by default in Aspen Plus (v7.3). The COSMOSAC property model, also implemented in Aspen Plus, is specified with the molecular volumes and sigma profiles obtained by COSMO‐RS. The properties (boiling temperatures, densities, VL equilibria, etc.) predicted for glycerol, 1,3‐propanediol, water, and their mixtures by COSMO‐based methods agree reasonably well with experimental reported values, whereas those obtained for reuterin derivatives are consistent with the behavior of amphoteric compounds having strong capabilities to interact attractively with hydrogen donor and acceptor groups all together. The process consists of a two‐stage distillation operation, the first of which removes the water and the second one separates reuterin as a 99.5 wt %‐pure bottom product. The second column operates at low pressure (ca. 40 kPa) to avoid thermal decomposition of reuterin (over 280°C) and guaranties 99.9% recovery of the desired product. Water removing offers different heat integration and energy‐saving opportunities considering that condenser pressure of the first column can be increased to ～15 bar preserving the thermal integrity of the reuterin. Dimensions of the equipments as well as capital and operating costs are evaluated. © 2012 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2012     

两种粒状过磷酸钙生产工艺的比较

介绍粒状过磷酸钙干燥工艺与免干燥工艺的生产方法,投资、成本和效益对比。说明免干燥工艺投资少、成本低、效益好,但产品强度、质量不如干燥工艺,2种方法生产粒状过磷酸钙产品都是过磷酸钙企业提高效益的好途径。