挤压态ZK60镁合金棒材的热变形行为

采用MMS-200热力模拟试验机对挤压态ZK60镁合金棒材进行热压缩实验,为ZK60镁合金热压缩变形时合理选择参数范围提供理论指导。分析应变速率、变形温度和流变应力之间的关系;构建ZK60镁合金流变应力本构方程;采用金相显微镜观察微观组织演化规律。结果表明:峰值应力随着应变速率的提高和变形温度的降低而增大,且真应力-真应变曲线中表现出动态再结晶的特征;在给定参数下,通过本构方程计算得到ZK60镁合金的变形激活能Q为128.91kJ/mol,应力指数n为4.8519;降低变形温度、提高应变速率有助于减小再结晶晶粒的平均尺寸。     

ZL114A合金热变形本构方程

利用Gleeble-1500D热模拟实验机在变形温度350℃~470℃、应变速率0.001s-1~10s-1、变形量50%的条件下对ZL114A合金进行热压缩实验。研究了该合金在不同变形条件下真应力-真应变曲线的变化规律,并在Arrhenius双曲正弦型方程的基础上建立了ZL114A合金热变形的本构方程。将计算值与实验得到的真应力-真应变曲线进行对比,结果吻合良好,实验结果为ZL114A合金热加工工艺的制定提供了理论依据。     

FGH96合金的热变形行为及其热加工图

通过热压缩试验研究了FGH96粉末高温合金在应变速率为0.001~0.1 s-1,变形温度为1000~1 100℃条件下的热成形性能,建立了FGH96的热变形方程。综合考虑变形温度和应变速率对FGH96合金的变形行为和可加工性的影响,基于动态材料模型建立了应变为0.07~0.5的能量耗散图,根据稳定性判据得到非稳定区,将两者叠加,就构成FGH96的热加工图。根据热加工图确定了实际可行的热变形工艺参数范围。     

碳化硅颗粒增强6168铝基复合材料热变形本构关系

利用Gleeble-3500热模拟试验机研究碳化硅颗粒增强6168铝基复合材料(SiCp/6168Al)在变形温度为340~540 ℃、应变速率为0.001~10 s-1、真应变为0.7的条件下的热变形行为。结果表明:应变速率和变形温度对流变应力有明显的影响,在应变速率相同的条件下,流变应力随变形温度的升高而降低,相同的变形温度下,随应变速率的增加,流变应力也随之升高。采用双曲正弦模型求解SiCp/6168Al复合材料在不同真应变ε下的材料常数,并使用5次指数函数拟合出n、lnA、α和Q与真应变ε的关系式,建立流变应力σ与真应变ε的本构方程。利用该方程可以计算任意变形条件下的流变应力,该模型能较好地反映该复合材料的实际热变形行为。       

一种热成型钢热压缩流变行为的本构方程

根据热冲压工艺的时间—温度特征,采用Gleeble-3500热模拟试验机,在温度为773~1 173 K、应变速率为0.01~0.50 s-1条件下,对1种热成型钢进行热压缩实验,求解井上胜郎模型参数,获得相应的应力应变曲线。实验结果表明:变形温度和应变速率对该热成型钢力学性能有很大的影响,温度升高流变应力减小,应变速率增大流变应力增大。由计算所得井上胜郎模型参数得到模型的预测值与实验结果吻合较好,修正模型之后,得到的预测值更接近实验值。     

Al-1Mn-1Mg合金热变形过程中的动态软化行为研究

研究了Al-1Mn-1Mg合金不同变形下的流变应力曲线和微观结构特征,探讨了该铝材在热变形过程中的动态软化行为。结果表明,应变速率为0.1 s-1时,若变形温度较低,则发生了动态回复;若变形温度高于723 K,产生明显的动态再结晶;变形温度为673 K时,在低应变速率条件下,产生动态再结晶,应变速率高于0.1 s-1,软化过程具有动态回复和动态再结晶的混合特征。当应变速率高于5.0 s-1时,产生几何动态再结晶。     

AZ31镁合金热变形规律的研究

利用等温压缩试验方法,研究了AZ31镁合金在应变速率为0.001~1 s-1,变形温度为473K~623K的条件下的变形行为.动态再结晶是该试验条件下晶粒细化的主要机制,通过分析显微组织的变化来研究动态再结晶的机制,同时研究孪晶对再结晶机制的影响.     

Al-Mg-Si合金热压缩变形的流变应力方程

为了给制定和优化热加工工艺参数提供理论依据,采用Gleeble-1500热模拟机研究了含锆Al-Mg-Si合金在变形温度为653~803 K、变形速率为0.01~10s^-1条件下的热压缩变形的流变应力行为,并通过回归法建立材料变形的流变应力数学模型.结果表明：该合金为正应变速率敏感材料,真应力-真应变曲线存在明显的稳态流变特征;流变应力随着变形速率的增加以及变形温度的降低而增加;在较低变形温度条件下,真应力〖CDF*3〗真应变曲线为动态回复曲线;在较高变形温度条件下真应力-真应变曲线为动态再结晶曲线.该合金流变应力σ可用包含Arrhenius项的Zener Hollomon参数的函数来描述,式中A、α和n的值分别为1.89×10¹⁰s^-1、0.024MPa^-1和7.46,热变形激活能Q为166.85kJ/mol.     

AZ80镁合金热变形本构方程

在变形温度为533～683K,应变速率为0.001～10s~(-1)条件下,采用热拉伸实验方法测试AZ80镁合金的真实应力-应变曲线,分析应力-应变曲线的变化规律及AZ80镁合金热变形时的微观组织变化规律。结果表明,在一定变形温度条件下,应变速率越高,动态再结晶发生的越充分,再结晶晶粒尺寸越小;在应变速率为0.01s~(-1)时,随着变形温度升高,动态再结晶程度提高;依据Arrhenius本构方程形式,确定适合于AZ80镁合金热变形的本构关系模型,该本构关系模型的相对误差小于18.5%。     

Mg-9Gd-3Y合金热变形行为与本构关系

为了解决Mg-9Gd-3Y合金在热塑性变形过程中的本构关系问题,对Mg-9Gd-3Y合金进行了不同变形温度（653～753K）下采用不同应变速率（0.01～10s-1）的热压缩试验,利用载荷/位移数据建立真应力/真应变曲线和本构方程.结果表明：动态再结晶在晶界处较易发生,流变曲线显示出典型的动态再结晶特征,以及应力水平与变形温度和应变速率的关系.本构方程预测出的流变应力数据与相应的试验结果较一致.     

变形镁合金热压缩变形流变应力研究

由于镁是密排六方晶体结构,纯镁及镁合金在室温下只有很小的延展性,其成形工艺应在中高温下进行.针对AZ91D与ZK60镁合金,采用Gleeble 1500D热模拟试验机对其在不同温度和变形速率下的流变应力进行了实验研究.结果表明,AZ91D与ZK60镁合金具有不同形式的热模拟曲线,不同的流变应力规律.     

Constitutive analysis of AZ31 magnesium alloy plate

The plastic deformation simulation of AZ31 magnesium alloy at different elevated temperatures (from 473 to 723 K) was performed on Gleeble-1500 thermal mechanical simulator at the strain rates of 0.01, 0.1, 1, 5 and 10 s-1 and the maximum deformation degree of 80%. The relationship between the flow stress and deformation temperature as well as strain rate was analyzed. The materials parameters and the apparent activation energy were calculated. The constitutive relationship was established with a Zener-Holl...     

Flow stress behavior of Al-Cu-Li-Zr alloy containing Sc during hot compression deformation

The flow stress behavior of Al-3.5Cu-1.5Li-0.25（Sc＋Zr） alloy during hot compression deformation was studied by isothermal compression test using Gleeble-1500 thermal-mechanical simulator. Compression tests were preformed in the temperature range of 653-773 K and in the strain rate range of 0.001-10 s^-1 up to a true plastic strain of 0.7. The results indicate that the flow stress of the alloy increases with increasing strain rate at a given temperature,and decreases with increasing temperature at a given imposed strain rate. The relationship between the flow stress and the strain rate and the temperature was derived by analyzing the experimental data. The flow stress is in a hyperbolic sine relationship with the strain rate,and in an Arrhenius relationship with the temperature,which imply that the process of plastic deformation at an elevated temperature for this material is thermally activated. The flow stress of the alloy during the elevated temperature deformation can be represented by a Zener-Hollomon parameter with the inclusion of the Arrhenius term. The values of n,α and A in the analytical expressions of flow stress σ are fitted to be 5.62,0.019 MPa^-1 and 1.51×10^16 s^-1,respectively. The hot deformation activation energy is 240.85 kJ/mol.     

Flow stress behavior and processing map of Al-Cu-Mg-Ag alloy during hot compression

The hot deformation behavior of Al-Cu-Mg-Ag was studied by isothermal hot compression tests in the temperature range of 573-773 K and strain rate range of 0.001-1 s^-1 on a Gleeble 1500 D thermal mechanical simulator. The results show the flow stress of Al-Cu-Mg-Ag alloy increases with strain rate and decreases after a peak value, indicating dynamic recovery and recrystallization. A hyperbolic sine relationship is found to correlate well the flow stress with the strain rate and temperature, the flow stress equation is estimated to illustrate the relation of strain rate and stress and temperature during high temperature deformation process. The processing maps exhibit two domains as optimum fields for hot deformation at different strains, including the high strain rate domain in 623-773 K and the low strain rate domain in 573-673 K.     

Plastic deformation behavior of ZK60 magnesium alloy with addition of neodymium

The hot deformation simulation of a ZK60 magnesiuln alloy at different temperatures from 373 to 673 K and different strain rates of 0.1, 0.01 and 0.002 s^-1 was studied by using the Gleebe-1500 simulator. The plastic deformation behavior was measured and the deformation activation energy was calculated. The microstructures of ZK60 magnesium alloy with an addition of neodymium during the deformation process were observed by using Polyvar-MET optical microscope and Tecnai G^2 20 TEM. The results show that the working hardening, the dynamic recovery and the dynamic recrystallization occur during the plastic deformation process at different temperatures and strain rates. The dynamic recrystallization starts when the temperature is over 473 K and the DRX grain size after hot deformation is only 5-10 μm. So the refined grains improve both the tensile strength and the elongation of alloys at room temperature. Neodymium is added into the alloy and a precipitate phase Mg12Nd that impedes the movement of dislocations is formed, which benefits to increasing mechanical properties of ZK60 magnesium alloy.     

Property and microstructure analysis of ZK60 alloy superplastic sheet

It was investigated that the superplastic mechanical properties of fine-grained ZK60 magnesium alloy sheets at the temperature range of 200-420 ℃ and strain rate range of 5.56 × 10-4 -5.56 ×10-2 s-1 by tensile tests.And the microstructure evolution during the superplastic deformation of ZK60 magnesium alloy was examined by metallurgical microscope and transmission electronic microscope (TEM).The results showed that fine-grained ZK60 magnesium alloy starts to exhibit superplasticity from 250 ℃ and the maximum elongation is about 1106% at 400 ℃ and 5.56 × 10-4 s-1.The strain rate sensitivity is significantly enhanced with the increase of temperature and with the decrease of strain rate.The predominate superplastic mechanism of ZK60 magnesium alloy is grain boundary slide (GBS) at the temperature range of 300-400 ℃.The grains of ZK60 alloy remain equaxial after superplastic deformation,and dynamic continuous recrystallization (DCRX) is an important softening mechanism and grain stability mechanism during the superplastic deformation of the alloy.The curved grain boundaries and crumpled bands at grain boundaries after deformation prove GBS generates during superplastic deformation of ZK60 magnesium alloy.     

Prediction of 2A70 aluminum alloy flow stress based on BP artificial neural network

Recently ,withtherapiddevelopmentofthecompu tationtechnique ,thefiniteelementmethodisappliedmoreandmoretothenumericalsimulationofthemetalformingprocess .Therelationshipbetweenflowstressanddeformationconditionssuchasstrain ,strainratesandtemperatures,whichembodiestheresponseofamaterialtothedeformationparameters ,isveryimportantforthenumericalsimulationbyfiniteelementmethod .Butduringthehotdeformationprocess ,therearemanyfactorsthatinfluencetheflowstressofthemetal .Theeffectsofthesefactorsonthef…     

Ti—Ni形状记忆合金的高温变形性能

为了研究Ti—Ni形状记忆合金在不同温度、应变率和应力状态下的力学性能,进行了单向拉伸和热胀形试验研究．采用单向拉伸试验,分析了温度和应变速率的变化对材料流动应力及塑性成形的影响．通过热胀形实验,研究了压力,保压时间及凹模直径对成形性能的影响．发现成形件高度主要受压力影响,而凹模直径则对壁厚分布影响较大．     

Hot deformation behaviors and flow stress model of GCr15 bearing steel

The hot deformation behaviors of GCr15 bearing steel were investigated by isothermal compression tests, performed on a Gleeble-3800 thermal-mechanical simulator at temperatures between 950℃ and 1150℃ and strain rates between 0.1 and 10 s^-1. The peak stress and peak strain as functions of processing parameters were obtained. The dependence of peak stress on strain rate and temperature obeys a hyperbolic sine equation with a Zener-Hollomon parameter. By regression analysis, in the temperature range of 950-1 150℃ and strain rate range of 0.1-10 s^-1, the mean activation energy and the stress exponent were determined to be 351kJ/mol and 4.728, respectively. Meanwhile, models of flow stress and dynamic recrystallization （DRX） grain size were also established. The model predictions show good agreement with experimental results.