基于前馈神经网络的人工嗅觉系统

从分析气体传感器的“交叉敏”行性出发,提出了将气体传感器阵列与前馈神经网络的相结合,形成人工嗅觉系统,用于气体的定性、定量分析;构造了前馈神经网络的结构和基于递推预报误差（RPE）的网络训练算法;优选了用于识别CO、H2、CH4三种气体的传感器阵列;建立了用于气体分析的实验条件,并通过实验验证了前馈神经网络用于气体识别的可行性。     

基于 ANN 的 FMS 故障诊断模型及其学习算法

讨论了基于前馈型神经网络的ＦＭＳ故障诊断模型，并提出一种用于前馈型神经网络训练的改进ＢＰ算法和基于遗传算法的网络初始点获取策略，给出一种通用前馈型神经网络结构和学习参数自整定学习算法，最后应用上述方法建立了基于前馈型神经网络的ＦＭＳ机器人故障诊断模型，并用所提出的新的学习算法对网络进行了学习，与传统ＢＰ算法比较，学习速度较快，且不易陷入局部极小点     

改进遗传神经网络在储层解释中的应用

对遗传算法中的编码机制进行了研究并与前馈神经网络ＢＰ算法相结合,从而提高了网络收敛速度,实例表明,改进后的算法是有效的。     

多层前馈神经网络中改进BP算法的研究

首先给出了多层前馈神经网络中的ＢＰ算法,针对实时监测和诊断领域中对收敛速度和精度的较高要求,提出了一种面向诊断的自适应ＢＰ算法,仿真结果表明,该方法既能有效地减小振荡,又能提高收敛的精度和速度。     

多层前馈神经网络中改进BP算法的研究

首先给出了多层前馈神经网络中的ＢＰ算法,针对实时监测和诊断领域中对收敛速度和精度的较高要求,提出了一种面向诊断的自适应ＢＰ算法,仿真结果表明,该方法既能有效地减小振荡,又能提高收敛的精度和速度。     

提高前馈神经网络学习效率的学习算法探讨

简要分析了最速下降法（Ｓｔｅｅｐｅｓｔ Ｄｅｓｃｅｎｔ Ａｌｇｏｒｉｔｈｍ ,即ＳＤＡ 法）和正交校正共轭梯度法（ＣＧＭ－ＯＣ法）的优缺点,提出了一种进行多层前馈神经网络学习的新算法,即ＳＤ－ＣＧＭ－ＯＣ算法．该算法结合最速下降法与正交校正共轭梯度法的特点,在文中所述实际问题构造模型的基础上,论证了ＳＤ－ＣＧＭ－ＯＣ算法比传统的ＢＰ算法具有更高的学习效率和二次收敛率．实验结果验证了该学习算法的有效性．     

基于ＳＳＡ－ＢＰ神经网络的光伏短期功率预测

光伏发电的波动性和随机性导致光伏功率预测精度难以达到理想状态,而提高光伏发电功率的预测精度是抑制光伏并网不利影响的有效途径。为了提高ＢＰ神经网络的预测精度,运用麻雀算法对 ＢＰ神经网络的权阈值进行寻优,提出了一种基于麻雀算法（ＳＳＡ）－ＢＰ神经网络的光伏短期功率预测 方法。首先,在 Ｍａｔｌａｂ中建立ＳＳＡ优化ＢＰ神经网络模型;然后,以某光伏电站的气象数据为输入,在 晴天、阴天和突变天气３种工况下对光伏电站的功率进行预测;最后,将ＳＳＡ 优化ＢＰ神经网络模型 预测结果分别与ＢＰ神经网络预测结果、ＰＳＯ优化ＢＰ神经网络预测结果和光伏电站的实际出力数据进 行对比。结果表明：麻雀算法能够提高ＢＰ神经网络模型的预测精度,实现对光伏短期功率的有效预测。     

基于混合神经网络的ECG数据压缩

提出了一种基于神经网络自适应模板匹配（ＮＮＡＴＭ）的ＥＣＧ压缩方法,利用Ｋｏｈｏｎｅｎ的自组织特征映射（ＳＯＦＭ）对ＥＣＧ波形进行分类,然后根据分类结果将心搏波形送往相应的前馈网络压缩,并生成一匹配模板,最后用ＳＡＰＡ３算法对残差信号进行处理。对以２５０Ｈｚ和１１ｂｉｔ量化的ＭＩＴ／ＢＩＨ心电波型的实验表明,该方法压缩效果好于ＳＡＰＡ３算法。     

基于BP神经网络的Ni-MH电池容量预测

针对Ｎｉ－ＭＨ电池容量检测法测量间长,工作效率低的缺点,应用ＢＰ前馈神经网络理论,提出了一种对Ｎｉ－ＮＭ电池容量进行预测的方法,具有算法简单、权值无需计算和仿真效果好等特点。     

运用人工神经网络进行混合气体定量分析的研究

优选了分析CO、H2和CH4混保气体的传感器阵列,构造了传感器信号预处理和神经网络训练算法,从而建立了用于混合气体定量分析的人工嗅觉系统。实验结果证明,系统能够以较高的精度分辨出3种气体的浓度。     

纳米ZnO传感阵列对多组份气体的智能识别

采用物理热蒸发法制备纯ZnO纳米线及Al,Ag,Ni掺杂的ZnO纳米线.以纯ZnO纳米线及Al,Ag,Ni掺杂的ZnO纳米线为基料分别制成气敏传感器;利用气体敏感的差异性,构建纳米ZnO基气敏传感器阵列,结合BP人工神经网络来实现纳米ZnO基气敏元件对目标混合气体组分和相对浓度的识别.结果表明:将传感器阵列输出灵敏度值进行处理后,输入BP神经网络完成训练,能够准确识别混合气体(CO,H2,CH4)的组分与相对浓度。     

Explosive limits of mixed gases containing CH4, CO and C2H4 in the goaf area

The explosive gases CO and C2H4, released mainly flammable gases during the process of coal self-ignition, are of the most important ingredients of the multi-component gases in goaf areas, along with CH4. We have determined some of the parameters of explosive properties of the one-component gases CH4, CO and C2H4 using an explosive trial device of polybasic explosive gas mixtures and emphasized particularly the effect on the limits of explosive concentration of the binary explosive mixed gases CH4+CO, CH4+C2H4, as a function of the amount of CO, C2H4 and inert flame resisting gases (N2, CO2). The experimental results show that the effect of inert gases on the explosive limits of mixed gases, given the property of explosive gas, is obvious: the inert gases (N2, CO2) possess some inhibitory effects on the explosion of the multi-component explosive gas mixtures. The results will provide some experimental support to suppress the occurrence of the gas explosions in goaf areas and provide some directions for designing explosion-proof electric equipment and fire arresters.     

Effect of CO2 on explosion limits of flammable gases in goafs

In order to reduce the number of accidents due to explosions of flammable gases in the goaf of coalmines,the conditions for explosion of flammable gases and their explosion limits,affected to a considerable extent by COz,are explored.With the use of our experimental equipment suitable for the study of explosion of polybasic explosive gas mixtures,we investigated the effect of CH4/H2=10/1 and CH4/C2H4=10/1 gases mixed with CO2 on their explosion limits.The results indicate that after adding CO2,the explosion limit of the CH4/H2 (or C2H4) = 10/1 gas mixtures decreased markedly with increasing amounts of CO2.When the amount of CO2 exceeded 25%,the CH4/C2H4=10/1 flammable gas mixture did not lead to explosions.Similar results were obtained when the amount of CO2 exceeded 23% in the CH4/H2=10/1 flammable gas mixture.We also compared the explosion limits and the explosion suppression effect of N2 or CO2 on the explosion limits of the CH4+CO and CH4+C2H4 dual explosive gas mixtures.Along with the increases in the amounts of CO2 or N2,the area of the explosion limits of gas mixtures decreased.Under the same conditions,the explosion suppression effect of CO2 was greater than that of N2.CO2 has clearly the better suppression effect on the explosion of flammable gases in goafs.     

Effect of CO_2 on explosion limits of flammable gases in goafs

In order to reduce the number of accidents due to explosions of flammable gases in the goaf of coalmines,the conditions for explosion of flammable gases and their explosion limits,affected to a considerable extent by CO2,are explored.With the use of our experimental equipment suitable for the study of explosion of polybasic explosive gas mixtures,we investigated the effect of CH4/H2=10/1 and CH4/C2H4=10/1 gases mixed with CO2 on their explosion limits.The results indicate that after adding CO2,the explosion limit of the CH4/H2(or C2H4) =10/1 gas mixtures decreased markedly with increasing amounts of CO2.When the amount of CO2 exceeded 25%,the CH4/C2H4=10/1 flammable gas mixture did not lead to explosions.Similar results were obtained when the amount of CO2 exceeded 23% in the CH4/H2=10/1 flammable gas mixture.We also compared the explosion limits and the explosion suppression effect of N2 or CO2 on the explosion limits of the CH4+CO and CH4+C2H4 dual explosive gas mixtures.Along with the increases in the amounts of CO2 or N2,the area of the explosion limits of gas mixtures decreased.Under the same conditions,the explosion suppression effect of CO2 was greater than that of N2.CO2 has clearly the better suppression effect on the explosion of flammable gases in goafs.     

固体氧化物燃料电池的气体检测特性

以变压器油中溶解的H2,CO,CH4,C2H6,C2H4和C2H2故障气体为例,通过化学热力学理论计算了固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFC)的理想输出电压,证明了SOFC对多种故障气体的可检测性.分析温度和压强对SOFC输出电压的影响,结果表明:SOFC的工作稳定性取决于高精度的温度控制系统.利用电化学动力学理论建立气体物质的量与输出电压之间的关系,通过计算发现气体物质的量与输出电压包络之间存在线性关系,从理论上证明了SOFC对故障气体的线性检测特性.设计了基于SOFC和色谱柱的实验平台,实验结果验证了SOFC检测器具有良好的重复性和线性检测特性,基线稳定,C2H2最小检测体积分数为0.08 μL/L,并可同时检测多组份可燃气体.     

不同种类气体注入对原油物性的影响研究

膨胀试验作为单井吞吐工艺试验的重要评价手段之一。在油田注气混相与非混相驱试验中已得到应用。目前对不同种类气体洲主对原油相态影响国内外虽作了些分析和研究,但针对同一种流体究竟那种注入气体国好,还研究得不多。首先对ＣＯ２注入时原油膨胀试验和未注气时的ＰＶＴ数据进行模拟后,对ＣＯ２、Ｎ２、ＣＨ４和烟道气四种不同的注入气体进行了模拟研究,给出了在不同种类气体注入时原油的膨胀系数和泡点压力的影响,同时对混合     

一种温室气体减排技术

目前，化石燃料燃烧过程的CO2捕集技术主要包括燃烧后吸收、燃烧前脱碳和纯氧燃烧技术三种．然而，这些技术因为成本比较高、工艺复杂等原因，仍未得到广泛的应用．笔者提出了一种新型的燃烧技术——熔融盐循环热载体无烟燃烧技术．该技术把一个燃烧过程分为氧化剂生成和燃料燃烧两个步骤进行．第一步，氧气与氮气实现分离，得到高纯度的氮气；第二步，燃料与第一步生成的氧化物发生反应放出热，同时生成CO2和水蒸气，CO2很容易和水蒸气发生分离而被回收．理论上讲，整个燃烧过程不向环境中排放CO2，NOx和SO2等有害气体．金属氧化物分散在熔融盐中充当氧载体，燃烧过程在熔融盐体系中进行．笔者以Li2CO3 K2CO3 Na2SO4作为熔融盐体系，CH4作为燃料，CuO用作氧载体这一个典型的无烟燃烧体系进行了实验研究．结果表明，燃烧过程可以按照理论分析的过程进行，燃烧放出热能的同时得到了纯度为77．0％～95．0％的CO2和91．9％～99．3％的N2．这样高纯度的CO2有利于进一步捕集和储存，因此，这一技术在减少温室气体排放方面的潜力是巨大的．     

Adsorption and desorption on coals for CO2 sequestration

Adsorption and desorption of carbon dioxide, methane and other gases on coals has been investigated experimentally using representative Zhongliangshan coals. Gas adsorption is one of the major concerns for both CO2 sequestration and methane recovery processes. The experiments were carried out using both single and multi-component mixtures at 25 ℃ and 30 ℃ with the highest pressure of 12 MPa. The coal was under moisture equilibrated conditions. This provides experimental data from which a predictive assessment of CO2 sequestration and/or methane recovery can be conducted. The results show that for pure gasses the CH4 adsorption capacity is higher than the N2 adsorption capacity but lower than the CO2 adsorption capacity. Injection of CO2 or other gases into the coal significantly affects CH4 desorption. This allows the enhancement of CH4 recovery from the coals, thus supplying more clean energy while sequestering significant amounts of CO2 thereby reducing the greenhouse effect from human beings.     

微波高温热解污水污泥制备生物质燃气

为实现污水污泥安全处理处置及能源化的目标,提出一种微波高温热解污水污泥制备生物质燃气的方法.该方法通过在污水污泥中添加不同的微波能吸收物质(活性炭、SiC、石墨及固体残留物),实现污水污泥在微波场内的快速升温及高温热解.采用气相色谱(GC)、气质联用(GC-MS)等方法测定热解气组成、热值、H2S及含氮气体产率,以评价微波高温热解污水污泥制备生物质燃气效能与安全性.结果表明,污泥热解气主要由H2、CO、CO2、O2和CxHy组成,H2S及含氮气体的有效控制是该方法应用的关键.