Tissue response of an osteoinductive bioceramic in bone defect rabbit model

HA/TCP and HA rods (?5 mm×10 mm) were made for implantation in New Zealand white rabbit with different condition. Sixty three rabbit were divided into three groups: group 1 (n=18), group 2 (n=27) and group 3 (n=18). In group 1, 10 mm radius was defected, and one HA/TCP rod was implanted in the muscle a distant away from the bone defect area. In group 2, also, 10 mm radius was defected, one HA rod was implanted in the muscle a distant away from the bone defect area. In group 3, two HA/TCP rods were implanted in the dorsal muscle of the rabbit with bone intact. Histological observation showed that in group 1, some new bone was found only two months after implantation (n=2), and obvious immature woven bone could be observed in these bioceramics from the 3^rd month on. However, in group 3, bone began to be found 6 months after implantation (n=2). In group 2, we could not find any bone tissue up to 9 month’s observation. These results suggest that, first, the bone defect model could significantly accelerate bone formation at non-osseous sites in rabbits; second,. HA/TCP bioceramics were confirmed with osteoinductive property while HA bioceramics without osteoinductive property nearly. Thus, bone defect might be a good animal model for further researches for osteoinductive bioceramics.     

纳米羟基磷灰石复合陶瓷生物摩擦学行为研究

采用沉淀法合成了纳米羟基磷灰石（HA）粉体，无压烧结工艺制备了HA／PSZ陶瓷复合材料．利用材料试验分析系统（MTS）和纳米硬度分析测试系统（Triboindenter）测定了复合材料的宏观和微观力学性能，用销盘式摩擦磨损试验机考察了血浆润滑条件下复合材料的生物摩擦学性能，探讨了力学性能与摩擦学性能之间的关系．结果表明，无压烧结HA／PSZ复合陶瓷材料断裂韧性比纯HA陶瓷提高近2．7倍，弯曲强度提高近1倍．纳米硬度最高值为10．6GPa，纳米弹性模量为156．OGPa．血浆润滑条件下，HA／PSZ陶瓷和UHMWPE摩擦副的摩擦系数与HA的含量有关，UHMWPE的磨损率与HA／psz复合陶瓷摩擦副的硬度和断裂韧性存在反比关系．     

The transformation of calcium phosphate bioceramics<Emphasis Type="Italic">in vivo</Emphasis>

To study the transformation process of calcium phosphate bioceramic in vivo, biodegradable porous β-tricalcium phosphate ceramics (β-TCP) were used in this experiment. The materials (ø5×8mm) were implanted in the tibia of rabbits. The β-TCP ceramics with bone tissue were retrieved, and treated for histology, and then observed by using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and an electron probe X-ray microanalyzer (EMPA) every month. The results show that β-TCP ceramics bond to bone directly, new bones are forming and maturing with materials continuous degrading, and the materials are nearly replaced by the formed bone finally. Parts of the materials were degraded, absorpted and recrystallized, the others dispersped on the cancellous bone and the Haversian lamella with an irregular arrangement incorporating in bone formation directly by remodeling structure.     

Design and preparation of bone tissue engineering scaffolds with porous controllable structure

A novel method of designing and preparing bone tissue engineering scaffolds with controllable porous structure of both macro channels and micro pores was proposed. The CAD software UG NX3.0 was used to design the macro channels’ shape, size and distribution. By integrating rapid prototyping and traditional porogen technique, the macro channels and micro pores were formed respectively. The size, shape and quantity of micro pores were controlled by porogen particulates. The sintered β-TCP porous scaffolds possessed connective macro channels of approximately 500 μm and micro pores of 200–400 μm. The porosity and connectivity of micro pores became higher with the increase of porogen ratio, while the mechanical properties weakened. The average porosity and compressive strength of β-TCP scaffolds prepared with porogen ratio of 60wt% were 78.12% and 0.2983 MPa, respectively. The cells’ adhesion ratio of scaffolds was 67.43%. The ALP activity, OCN content and cells micro morphology indicated that cells grew and proliferated well on the scaffolds. Funded by the Postdoctor Science Fund of China (No. 20070410715) and Shanghai Excellent Youth Special Fund (No. 17014)     

羟基磷灰石料浆流变性及注浆成型工艺的研究

选用聚乙二醇、聚乙烯醇、聚丙烯酸、甲基纤维素等为分散剂,研究其用量对羟基磷灰石（HA）陶瓷料浆流变性能和电动特性的影响。结果表明：料浆都呈现出剪切变稀的假塑性流体特性,其中添加0.5%甲基纤维素的陶瓷料浆具有较高的Zeta电位值(70 mV),同时具有优良的流变性和触变性。并对不同分散剂稳定料浆改善其流变性能的可能机理做了初步的探讨。在此基础上,制得了高流变性和触变性的HA料浆,研究了双氧水发泡成型工艺所得的粗坯体及高温烧结体的显微结构。通过该工艺所获得的HA样品孔壁较薄,孔径分布均匀。     

Poly(dopamine)-assisted Bioactive Coating on the Surface of Porous Poly (Ether Ether Ketone) to Promote Osteogenic Differentiation of rBMSC

A facile modification strategy is developed to promote the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of rat bone marrow stromal cells (rBMSCs) through deposition of a bioactive calcium silicate (CS) coating on the porous surface of poly (ether-ether-ketone) (PEEK) with the assistance of poly(dopamine) (PDA).The porous structures are etched on the surface of PEEK after sulfonation treatment.A poly(dopamine) layer is coated on the porous surface of the sulfonated PEEK (SPEEK),which provides anchoring groups for the subsequent deposition of the CS layer.Results show that the CS coating on the porous surface of SPEEK significantly improve the hydrophilicity and biomineralization formation of hydroxyapatite.Compared with PEEK,SPEEK-PDA-CS displays higher bioactivity to promote the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of rBMSCs,including the increase of ALP activity and formation of calcium nodules,the expression of osteogenic differentiation-related genes.These results are beneficial to extending clinical applications of PEEK-based implants for bone tissue repair and orthopedic surgery.     

The enhancement of osteogenesis by scaffold based on mineralized recombinant human-like collagen loading with rhBMP-2

A biomimetic scaffold based on mineralized recombinant collagen, nano-hydroxyapatite/recombinant human-like collagen/poly(lactic acid) (nHA/RHLC/PLA), was prepared with recombinant human bone morphogenic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) for improving the osteoinductive property of the scaffold. The nHA/RHLC/PLA scaffolds loaded with 10 μg rhBMP-2 and the unloaded scaffolds were implanted subcutaneously in the rat model. The osteogenetic capacity of these composites was evaluated by CT scan, ALP activity test and histological observation at 4 and 8 weeks after implantation. The experimental results indicated that the osteogenic capability of the scaffolds loaded with rhBMP-2 was superior to the unloaded scaffold. It was concluded that rhBMP-2 can enhance the osteoinductive property of the nHA/RHLC/PLA scaffold and the nHA/RHLC/PLA scaffold loaded with rhBMP-2 have the good potential of being used in bone tissue engineering.     

Study on Z-H/BMP Toughened Compound Artificial Bone and Its Osteogenesis

1　IntroductionWiththedevelopmentofspinesurgery ,bettermateri alsaredemandedinthespinalfusion .Thespinecanbefusedfromtheposterior ,theanteriororintervertebrae ,meanwhilemoreboneisdemanded .Soitisnecessarytofindasuperiorbonematerialforspinalfusion .Scholarshavetriedagainandagain ,buttheyusedtoemployonlyonekindofmaterialsforspinalfusion[1-4] ,includinghydroxyapatite(HA) ,metalinterverteralfusioninstrument(madeoftitaniumorstainlessteel) ,polymer ,bonemor phogeneticprotein (BMP) ,myeloidtissuean…     

AW玻璃基骨水泥的制备及其结构性能表征

以AW生物玻璃与柠檬酸/磷酸氢钾复合固化液混合制得玻璃基生物骨水泥(GBC),利用XRD、FTIR和SEM对GBC的产物晶相、化学组成和显微结构进行了分析,并对其力学性能进行了测试。结果表明,GBC在固化反应后就已经有羟基磷灰石(HA)晶相生成;随着GBC在SBF中浸泡时间的延长,又生成了少量碳酸钙晶体,且HA晶相数量增多,抗压强度在7 d时达到最大值,骨水泥呈现多孔结构。     

Eetopie Bone Formation in vivo Indueed by a Novel Synthetie Peptide Derived from BMP-2 Using Porous Collagen Scaffolds

To investigate the osteoinductive and ectopicly osteogenic effects of a novel peptide P24 derived from bone morphogenetic protein 2 （BMP2）, biodegradable collagen scaffolds （CS） were used to load BMP-2-derived peptide solutions with different concentrations （0.4 mg peptide/CS, 0.1 mg peptide/CS and pure CS, respectively）, and the implants were implanted into muscular pockets on the back of Wistar rats. Radiographs and histological analysis were performed to evaluate the ectopic bone effects. Active ectopic bone formation was seen in both groups containing the peptide at different concentration （0.4 mg and 0.1 mg）, whereas no bone formation and only fibrous tissue was seen in the pure CS group. The new bone formation induced by the peptide P24 displayed a dose-dependent and time-dependent efficiency. The new bone formation in the 0.4 mg peptide/CS group significantly increased than that of the 0.1 mg peptide/CS group. This novel BMP-2-derived peptide had excellent osteoinductive and ectopicly osteogenic properties which were similar to those of BMP2.     

Biocompatibility evaluation in vitro. Part II: Functional expression of human and animal osteoblasts on the biomaterials

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湿法制备羟基磷灰石生物活性陶瓷粉末的热力学分析

本文对制备羟基磷灰石（ＨＡ）的Ｃａ（ＮＯ３）２－（ＮＨ４）２ＨＰＯ４－ＮＨ４ＯＨ－Ｈ２Ｏ体系进行热力学分析。计算求得ＨＡ沉淀最宜ｐＨ条件为１０．６－１２．４，热力学计算与实验结果和文献报告数据结果一致。     

Xive种植系统在修复牙列缺损的临床应用

探讨Xive种植体修复牙列缺损的临床应用效果。85例牙列缺损患者,采用Xive种植系统进行延期或即刻种植、一期埋入加二期暴露的两次手术方式,共植入215颗种植体。其中54例患者的117颗行单冠修复,16例的42颗行联冠修复,15例的56颗行固定桥修复,全部采用粘结固定;临床随诊观察一至四年,215颗种植体中,仅有2颗于种植体延期种植术后4周脱落,考虑系Ⅱ型糖尿病血糖没能有效控制发生感染所致,其余功能行使均良好至今;种植体的成功率为99.07%,患者满意度为95.29%。临床结果证明,在严格控制适应证、合理设计术式及合并采用骨增量技术的基础上,使用Xive种植系统修复牙列缺损可获得令人满意的修复效果。     

Research on Surface Modification of 96 Al2O3 by Ni Ion Implantation

A matrix of 96 Al2O3 ceramics was implanted with Ni ion of different dosages and energies using a MEVVA implanter. Then metallic structures of copper were made on the implanted ceramics, by using selective electroless copper plating. In addition, the characteristics and microstructure of the implanted layer were studied by using the SEM, RBS and XPS. The results show that： 1） the implanted Ni exits as Ni^2, Ni^2＋, and Ni^3＋ in the surface of Al2O3 and metal Ni particles precipitate on ceramics during implantation; 2） the concentration of Ni submits to the Gauss distribution along the direction of implantation on the surface of Al2O3 and high Ni concentration on the surface can be obtained if the Ni is implanted with low energy and a high dosage and 3） Ni ion implantation can activate the surface of Al2O3 and induce electroless copper plating on the ceramics.     

拉曼光谱在Ba(Ti_(1-x)Fe_x)O_(3-δ)陶瓷中的“电荷效应”湮灭

采用冷压陶瓷技术制备具有六方钙钛矿结构的Ba(Ti1-xFex)O3-δ(x=0.05,0.08)陶瓷.由拉曼光谱(RS)技术研究Ba(Ti1-xFex)O3-δ陶瓷在840 cm-1处的"电荷效应".实验观察到代表电荷效应的840 cm-1带消失,其原因最可能是:Fe3+相对于Ti4+具有更小的离子半径、Fe3+-Vo-Fe3+缺陷复合体的形成以及具有低对称性晶格点阵的六方畸变导致电荷效应湮灭.     

Bone Formation Process of β-TCP Ceramics with Tetracycline Tracing

To study the new bone formation in the bone defect area after implantation, the tetracycline tracing method was used. The results show that new bone formed in 1 month, and the formation rate of new bone was very high (8. 164 μm/day), considerably faster than that of control groups (3.219 μm/day). The new bone grew up quickly and β_TCP particles were surrounded by double fluorescence bands which became more obvious. The new bone formation rate was maximal at 2 months, and then gradually reduced. The rate was steady at 4 months, and then reduced to resembling as the normal physiologic metabolism of bone, which indicated the implanted materials were completely replaced by bone. Calcium phosphate materials had the ability of osteoconduction.     

HA-ZrO2生物复合材料的制备

钇稳定的二氧化镐中分别掺杂1％,5％,15％的羟基磷灰石来制备生物性能良好,且具有较好的机械强度和断裂韧性的生物复合材料以满足承载方面的需要。对其力学性能、微观结构和生物性能进行了研究,用扫描电镜（SEM）、x射线衍射仪（XRD）等对复合材料进行了分析。结果表明掺杂羟基磷灰石的复合材料的维氏硬度远远高于单一羟基磷灰石的硬度,几乎接近于二氧化镐的硬度。最大的抗弯强度为976.21MPa,K1c为5.2—10.4MPa·m^1/2。生物模拟试验表明该种复合材料具有良好的骨传导作用,具有生物活性,是一种较理想的骨植入材料。     

可吸收 HA/PDLLA 内固定材料组织相容性观察

可吸收骨折内固定材料要求具有很好的组织相容性。本文将自行研制的可吸收羟基磷灰石／聚ＤＬ乳酸（ＨＡ／ＰＤＬＬＡ）内固定材料植入兔肌肉和骨组织中,于３、６、１２、２４、３６、５２周取材,作ｘ线摄片和组织学观察。结果：骨折在６周内正常愈合,５２周内组织反应较轻,无大量炎性细胞集聚。结论：ＨＡ／ＰＤＬＬＡ复合材料具有很好的组织相容性。     

β钛合金微弧氧化膜制备及其在人体模拟液中腐蚀性能研究

采用微弧氧化技术在TiNbZrFe合金表面制备出含钙磷成分的多孔氧化膜,通过人体模拟液浸泡的方法诱导生成羟基磷灰石,并利用电化学阻抗谱（EIS）研究其在人体模拟液中浸泡不同时间后的耐腐蚀性能．结果表明,经400V电压微弧氧化后TiNbZrFe合金表面氧化膜的形貌与成分达到最优化,且明显有α-Ca3（PO4）2 相生成;α-Ca3（PO4）2 相能够起到良好的诱导生成羟基磷灰石（HA）的作用,在人体模拟液中浸泡1d后,通过XRD检测出有HA相生成,导致微弧氧化膜层表面的微孔被诱导生成物覆盖填充明显,较小微孔完全消失;随着浸泡时间的延长,经过微弧氧化膜诱导生成的HA涂层不断增厚,EIS结果表明其具有良好的隔绝渗透作用,能够阻碍腐蚀性介质在溶液和金属界面之间扩散和迁移,从而起到保护基体抗腐蚀的作用．     

孔隙率对Al2O3高孔隙率多孔介质EHC的影响

新型多孔介质燃烧技术主要采用泡沫陶瓷 ( Ceramic Foams)、波纹状陶瓷 ( Fabric LamellaStructure)等高孔隙率多孔介质。基于气、固相局部热平衡假设的有效导热系数 EHC( EffectiveHeat Conductivity)描述了气流与固体骨架中导热、弥散和热辐射多种传热方式的综合效果 ,是一个重要的传热特性 ,对其研究非常不足。通过实验与数值模拟确定不同孔隙率 Al2 O3 陶瓷的 EHC:基于测定的温度分布 ,给定 EHC的初值 ,采用有限体积法进行流场数值模拟 ;比较测量与计算的温度均方根差 ,通过对 EHC搜索寻优 ,间接确定泡沫陶瓷的有效导热系数。结果表明 Al2 O3 陶瓷的EHC随温度增加而增加 ,对速度不敏感 ;孔隙率高的陶瓷其 EHC较大。给出试样 EHC与温度和空管速度的拟合式 ;将颗粒床 EHC的 Z&B模型外推到 Al2 O3 高孔隙率陶瓷 ,并给出 EHC预示结果