纳米SiO_2/有机硅/聚丙烯酸酯复合乳液的合成

以含有共聚基团的有机硅化合物改性纳米 Si O2 ,通过与丙烯酸酯单体共聚 ,合成了一系列纳米 Si O2 /有机硅氧烷 /聚丙烯酸酯复合乳液 ,其硅质量分数可以在 5 %～ 70 %之间连续变化 ,研究了反应时间、单体配比、合成工艺和加料方式等多种因素对反应进程和乳液性能的影响     

纳米SiO2／有机硅改性聚丙烯酸酯无皂乳液的合成和膜性能研究

采用无皂乳液聚合技术和溶胶凝胶技术,合成了纳米SiO2/有机硅改性聚丙烯酸酯无皂乳液,考察了乳化剂、乙烯基硅油和正硅酸乙酯对乳液和膜性能的影响.结果表明,无皂乳液比普通乳液具有更好的聚合稳定性、冻融稳定性和储存稳定性;当乙烯基硅油的质量分数为8%时,乳液的聚合稳定性好,胶膜具有优良的耐水性和较好的机械强度;随着正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)用量的增加,乳液的离心稳定性下降;纳米SiO2不仅改善了有机硅改性聚丙烯酸酯的耐热性能,且明显提高了胶膜的耐水性.     

核壳型叔碳氟碳共聚乳液的制备

以叔碳单体-丙烯酸酯类单体共聚物为核,有机氟单体-丙烯酸酯类单体共聚物为壳．采用种子乳液聚合方法制得了核壳型叔碳氟碳共聚乳液。讨论了乳化剂量、引发剂量、反应温度、恒温时间等对乳液聚合的影响,并对乳液进行了接触角、透射电镜表征。结果表明：反应温度为85℃,恒温时间为2h,w（乳化剂）=3.5％,w（引发剂）=0.3％,制备的核壳型乳液性能较佳。     

聚氨酯与丙烯酸酯共聚乳液的制备

对影响制备稳定聚氨酯丙烯酸酯乳液共聚的因素作了初步的讨论。讨论了乳化剂的配比、乳化剂的用量、聚氨酯的用量对共聚乳液的影响。要得到相对较稳定的共聚乳液， 乳化剂用量应大于９ ％ ； 乳化剂的配比可在十二烷基硫酸钠与ＯＰ－ １０之比１／７ ～１／５ 之间； 聚氨酯用量应少于５ ％ 。     

微交联氟碳丙烯酸酯乳液的制备

以有机氟碳单体、丙烯酸酯等为共聚单体,引入交联剂制备微交联氟碳丙烯酸酯乳液。探讨交联剂、乳化剂、引发剂、氟单体等对乳液的影响。红外光谱分析结果表明氟碳单体已键接到聚合物主链上。在单体中加入交联剂二乙烯基苯（DVB）,使用R-A／R-D复配乳化剂,n（R-A）：n（R-D）=0.5.w（引发剂）=0.4％,w（氟单体）=20％时制备的乳液性能较好,转化率达到98.31％,凝聚物量0.42％,乳胶膜接触角达到77°,吸水率仅为8.89％。     

乳液型丙烯酸酯增稠剂的研究

介绍了乳液型丙烯酸酯增稠剂的合成工艺，并讨论他单体、乳化剂、引发剂、交联剂和温度对产品性能的影响，结果表明：选择适宜的硬单体和软单体共聚，乳化剂用量为0.5%-1.0%时，乳液的性能最佳。     

含硅氟的水性环氧丙烯酸乳液制备与性能研究

以环氧树脂(E-44)、γ-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷(KH-570)和甲基丙烯酸十二氟庚酯(DFMA)为改性单体,用预乳化-半连续乳液聚合方法合成了含硅氟的水性环氧丙烯酸乳液,并研究了E-44、KH-570和DFMA含量对乳液和涂膜性能的影响。研究表明:当E-44含量为参加反应单体总量的10%、KH-570为5%、DFMA为10%时,合成的乳液固含量为33.73%、反应程度为98.33%、凝胶率为0.39%,乳液及其涂层性能达到了GB/T 20623—2006《建筑涂料用乳液》标准。红外光谱分析结果显示了E-44、KH-570、DFMA与苯丙单体发生了共聚,粒度分析结果表明乳胶粒子达到了纳米级别且分散性良好。     

单分散疏水SiO2改性苯丙乳液的制备及其性能

采用种子-半连续乳液聚合法,以硅烷偶联剂KH-560表面改性的单分散二氧化硅为改性材料,制得单分散疏水性SiO2改性的复合苯丙乳液.对乳液及涂膜性能进行了红外光谱、粒径分析、接触角和热失重表征.考察了不同含量的SiO2对转化率、凝胶率、化学稳定性、机械稳定性和涂膜的硬度、耐盐雾时间的影响.结果表明,SiO2用量为单体质量的2.0％,改性后的乳液及涂膜各项性能明显提高.     

高弹性苯丙乳液的研究

苯丙乳液采用常规聚合方法时．由于苯乙烯单体的进人会导致乳液的最低成膜温度高．韧性和弹性相对偏低，严重影响实际应用．本研究通过核／壳共聚，利用自生种子法合成出延伸率高、成本低、抗拉强度良好的高弹性苯丙乳液，形成内亲水、外疏水、内硬外软的异相结构．同时加人适当的功能单体，使之形成相互贯穿的网络结构，乳液膜既保持苯乙烯提供的耐水性、耐久性和刚性，又保持了丙烯酸酯类良好的韧性、粘结性能、适用的最低成膜性．介绍了乳液核预乳化、壳预乳化、种子制备和乳液制备的基本过程，同时对乳化剂、引发剂及乳液组成对弹性苯丙乳液的性能影响进行了初步讨论．     

有机硅-丙烯酸酯复合乳液性能

用含不饱和双键有机硅单体与丙烯酸酯单体共聚,制备高性能的改性丙烯酸酯乳液。采用半连续乳液聚合工艺,在十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)/壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚(NP-10)复合乳化体系,合成了有机硅改性丙烯酸酯共聚乳液。研究了单体配比、复合乳化剂配比及有机硅氧烷用量对乳液性能的影响。结果表明,当m(丙烯酸丁酯)/m(甲基丙烯酸甲酯)/m(丙烯酸)=45∶53∶2,m(阴离子乳化剂)/m(非离子乳化剂)=1,γ-甲基丙烯酰氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷(KH570)的加入量为单体质量的2.5%时,乳液的综合性能较好,用其配制的涂料各项性能优良,耐洗刷性达2万次以上。     

浅析英语语音教学中的/n//l/发音错误

在大学英语教学过程中,有关/n/与/l/的发音错误很常见,原因是没有完全掌握它们的发音规则。/n//l/发音规则的相似性造成了/n//l/不分的情况,而且局部方言中这两个音也不作区分,使得/n//l/混淆的情况更加严重。在教学过程中,可以通过重点讲解区分/n/与/l/的发音规则及其区别来避免/n//l/发音错误。本文同时也分析了含糊/l/音的发音错误,通过对/n/与/l/相关的发音错误分析找出大学英语语音教学行之有效的途径:在完全把握单音的发音规则的基础上,进一步强调语调的掌握,使学生拥有良好的语音。     

Modification of LiCo1/3Ni1/3Mn1/3O2 cathode material by CeO2-coating

LiCo_1/3Ni_1/3Mn_1/3O₂ was coated by a layer of 1.0 wt% CeO₂ via sol-gel method. The bared and coated LiMn_1/3Co_1/3Ni_1/3O₂ was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), cyclic voltammogram (CV) and galvanotactic charge-discharge test. The results show that the coating layer has no effect on the crystal structure, only coating on the surface; the 1.0 wt% CeO₂-coated LiCo_1/3Ni_1/3Mn_1/3O₂ exhibits better discharge capacity and cycling performance than the bared LiCo_1/3Ni_1/3Mn_1/3O₂. The discharge capacity of 1.0 wt% CeO₂-coated cathode is 182.5 mAh·g⁻¹ at a current density of 20 mA·g⁻¹, in contrast to 165.8 mAh·g⁻¹of the bared sample. The discharge capacity retention of 1.0 wt% CeO₂-coated sample after 12 cycles reaches 93.2%, in comparison with 86.6% of the bared sample. CV results show that the CeO₂ coating could suppress phase transitions and prevent the surface of cathode material from direct contact with the electrolyte, thus enhance the electrochemical performance of the coated material.     

肼类燃料液滴的亚临界——超临界蒸发/分解燃烧理论

对肼、一甲基肼、偏二甲肼的亚临界－－超临界蒸发／分解燃烧进行了研究,计算了肼类燃料滴在不同压力下液滴温度和蒸发速度的变化历程,计算了蒸发常数、传热数和传质数,其结果和实验数据是吻合的。本文不但考虑了肼类燃料滴的亚临界蒸发／分解燃烧,还考虑到了其超临界蒸发／分解燃烧,并对达到超临界工况时的界限参数进行了计算。     

Transport Properties of Polycrystalline La2/3Ca1/3Mn1-xCuxO3

The infuence of Cu dopant (x) and sintering temperature(Ts) on the troansport propeties of La2/3Ca1/3Mn1-xCuxO3 series samples prepared by Sol-Gel technique was investigated.X-ray diffraction patterns show that all the samples with different Cu dopant and sintering temperatures (Ts) are of single phase without obvious latice distortion.Experimental results indicate that the insulator-metal transition temperature is diectly related to the sintering temperature and Cu dopant x.It is interesting to observe that a proper amount of Cu dompant can substantially improve magnetoresistance effects.     

RDSS/Doppler/GPS/SINS组合导航系统研究

针对双星定位系统(RDSS)存在的定位位置滞后的先天缺陷，根据组合导航定位系统输出速度误差小的特点，给出了一套消除RDSS位置滞后的方案，并对RDSS／SINS组合系统进行了建模，依据联邦滤波器理论，考虑到GPS的实际情况，提出了RDSS／Doppler／GPS／SINS多传感器组合导航系统的设想，仿真结果表明，该组合导航系统具有准确度高、自主性强的特点。     

亚锰酸盐La0.7-xYxCa0.3MnO3的电磁特性和磁电阻效应

研究了用固相反应法制备亚锰酸盐多晶样品La0.7-xYxCa0.3MnO3,并研究了Y的不同掺杂(x=0.1,0.2)对样品的晶体结构、电磁特性和磁电阻效应的影响.实验结果表明,随着温度的降低,x=0.1样品的R-T曲线没有出现峰值,而x=0.2样品出现了峰值,显示了复杂的输运特性.两种样品的磁电阻Rm都随着温度的降低而升高,但都没有出现峰值.x=0.2的样品在较宽的温区内,磁电阻效应都很显著,而且Y掺杂由x=0.1提高至x=0.2,磁电阻效应增强.     

Low temperature properties of organic-inorganic Ag/ p -CuPc/ n -GaAs/Ag photoelectric sensor

A thin organic film of p-type semiconducting copper phthalocynanine (CuPc) was deposited by vacuum evaporation on an n-type GaAs single-crystal semiconductor substrate. The fabricated Ag/p-CuPc/n-GaAs/Ag sensor was carried through an ageing process to stabilize the parameters. Voltage-current characteristics and photoelectrical response of the sensor were investigated at a wide temperature range of 82 to 350 K. Photoelectric characteristics were measured under nonmodulated filament-lamp illumination. It was observed that such sensor parameters as rectification ratio, threshold voltage, junction, shunt and series resistances, open-circuit voltage and short circuit current are temperature-dependent. It was found that wide-range voltage-current characteristics of the sensor may be described similarly to that of a Schottky barrier diode. Using the experimental data on voltage-current characteristics and absorbance of the CuPc films, the energy-band diagram of the p-CuPc/n-GaAs heterojunction was developed. It was shown that data obtained from simulation of an equivalent circuit of photoelectric sensor agreed with experimental results. Supported by the National Engineering and Scientific Commission of Pakistan     

St/BA/MAA/AA/VAC复合乳液的合成及其应用

采用半连续乳液种子聚合法合成苯乙烯(St)、丙烯酸丁酯(BA)、甲基丙烯酸(MAA)、丙烯酸(AA)、醋酸乙烯酯(VAc)的复合乳液。分析了丙烯酸对乳液电解质性能的影响,引发剂对聚合反应转化率的影响及乳化剂含量对乳液粘度的影响。通过正交试验确定组分的适当配比。该共聚乳液的粘度及固体含量符合要求,稳定性好,性能价格比高。应用表明:用此乳液配制成地毯乳胶,胶膜具有良好的机械性能。     

Reliability of Au/PZT/BIT/p-Si ferroelectric diode

A ferroelectric memory diode that consisted of Au/PZT/BIT/p-Si multilayer configuration was fabricated by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique. The reliability issues (I-V characteristics, capacitance retention, fatigue and imprint) were investigated. The I-V curve showed the conventional Schottky diode characteristics with a small current density of - 5.3×10 -10 A/cm2 at a voltage of - 4 V and 6.7×10-8 A/cm2 at a voltage of + 4V, and this characteristic can be maintained below 50℃. The capacitance variety of the ferroelectric diode was only 5 % in 10 hours after withdrawing the applied bias of + 5 V or - 5 V, indicating the diode had good capacitance retention. By applying 100 kHz bipolar pulses of 5 V amplitude, the decay in remanent polarization was only 10% after 109 switching cycles, and meanwhile the increase in coercive field was 12%. After being irradiated for 20 min with a 200 W ultraviolet ray lamp, the remanent polarization and coercive field had both varied, and a voltage shift was obse     

Synthesis and characterization of Mg3(PO4)2-coated Li1.05Ni1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2 cathode material for Li-ion battery

Mg₃(PO₄)₂-coated Li_1.05Ni_1/3Mn_1/3Co_1/3O₂ cathode materials were synthesized via co-precipitation method. The morphology, structure, electrochemical performance and thermal stability were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), cyclic voltammetry(CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS), charge/discharge cycling and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). SEM analysis shows that Mg₃(PO₄)₂-coating changes the morphologies of their particles and increases the grains size. XRD and CV results show that Mg₃(PO₄)₂-coating powder is homogeneous and has better layered structure than the bare one. Mg₃(PO₄)₂-coating improved high rate discharge capacity and cycle-life performance. The reason why the cycling performance of Mg₃(PO₄)₂-coated sample at 55 °C was better than that of room temperature was the increasing of lithium-ion diffusion rate and charge transfer rate with temperature rising. Mg₃(PO₄)₂-coating improved the cathode thermal stability, and the result was consistent with thermal abuse tests using Li-ion cells: the Mg₃(PO₄)₂ coated Li_1.05Ni_1/3Mn_1/3Co_1/3O₂ cathode did not exhibit thermal runaway with smoke and explosion, in contrast to the cells containing the bare Li_1.05Ni_1/3Mn_1/3Co_1/3O₂. Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 20273047)