西瓜豆酱的生产工艺

为研究开发豆酱新品种,将西瓜汁引入传统的豆酱发酵,筛选野田曲霉作为西瓜豆酱生产菌种。确定了西瓜豆酱的生产工艺:在豆酱发酵时加入盐水总量50%的西瓜汁,采用搅拌发酵管理模式,38～42℃发酵40～45 d。在此工艺条件下生产的西瓜豆酱营养丰富、风味独特。     

固定化细胞生产西瓜醋的研究

阐述了以西瓜汁为原料，用固定化酵母与固定化醋酸菌相继进行酒精发酵与醋酸发酵，酿制西瓜醋的研究内容，试验结果表明固定化细胞发酵周期均比游离细胞缩短了一半。通过分批好酵３０批次以上，固定化细胞颗粒完整，产酒精率，产酸率亦稳定，产品符合国家标准。     

牛乳中添加不同果汁对明串珠菌发酵产双乙酰的影响

双乙酰是一种对发酵乳口感有较大影响的风味化合物,但目前市售的发酵乳制品双乙酰含量都比较低.为提高乳制品中双乙酰的含量,改善风味乳制品的口感和品质,本研究以牛乳为原料,分别加入不同配比的苹果、小西红柿、西瓜、草莓和菠萝汁,并添加0.2%柠檬酸进行明串珠菌发酵,测定了发酵液中双乙酰的含量.结果表明,牛乳中加入5种果汁发酵明串珠菌,都能产生双乙酰;产双乙酰最高的是菠萝汁,可达到20mg/L;其次是草莓汁,达到12.45 mg/L;牛乳-西瓜汁混合液双乙酰最高可达到4.83 mg/L;牛乳-苹果汁和牛乳-小西红柿汁两种混合液双乙酰的产量较低.     

凉爽西瓜饮

<正> 西瓜性味甘寒,故也称为寒瓜、夏瓜。西瓜含苹果酸、葡萄糖、番茄色素、胡萝卜素、蔗糖酶、维生素C等多种成分《本草纲目》称:西瓜能“消烦止渴,解暑热.疗喉疾,宽中下气,治血痢,解酒毒,治口疮。”现代医学研究,西瓜汁具有清热利湿退黄之功效。 对肾炎,胆囊炎、胆石症和肝炎有疗效。     

西瓜发酵果酒的研制

给出了以西瓜为原料,采用酶解提汁及固定化葡萄酒酵母发酵技术制取西瓜果酒的方法。实验表明：在果胶酶添加量3‰,酶解温度50℃,pH值为3．5,酶解120min的条件下制汁效果最明显;在初始糖度18％,发酵温度30℃,酸度2g／L,接菌量10％,主发酵18d,可得到酒香纯正,酒体浓厚,酒精度12％的西瓜果酒。     

东北饮食生活中的酱文化习俗探析

酱是一种起源于中国的发酵类调味品,它以大豆为主要原料经传统发酵技术酿造而成。在东北地区制酱和食酱有着悠久的历史,每年都会消耗大量豆酱,为家家必备的调味品。受地域、资源、环境等因素影响,在饮食生活中形成独具地方特色的酱文化,是东北地区饮食文化中一个重要的品牌。文章从东北地区酱的起源、制作、食用等方面入手,全面描绘出饮食中的酱文化,并对其成因进行分析。     

微波结合超声波提取西瓜番茄红素的工艺研究

番茄红素对于预防心血管疾病、动脉硬化、增强人体免疫系统以及延缓衰老等具有重要意义,是一种很有发展前途的新型功能性天然色素。以成熟的沙石西瓜为原料,加入促效剂蔗糖溶液进行充分研磨后得到西瓜汁,再经微波超声波对细胞进行破碎,加入提取剂石油醚对番茄红素进行提取。主要研究了研磨时蔗糖质量浓度、微波处理功率、微波处理时间和液固比等因素对番茄红素提取量的影响。在单因素试验的基础上设计正交试验,得出西瓜番茄红素的最优提取工艺条件。结果表明:在0.7%蔗糖溶液辅助研磨下,经微波80 W处理60 s,以液固比6∶1的石油醚为提取剂,结合超声波处理,番茄红素的提取量为64.6μg/g。     

新型甜面酱生产工艺研究

研究甜面酱、豆酱各自不同的生产工艺过程,分析它们各自的感官、理化和卫生指标,综合各种数据找出各自最佳的生产工艺及参数,并结合数据开发研究新型黄豆甜面酱的生产工艺方法。结果表明：黄豆面酱原料配比10∶1,浸泡时间60m in,蒸煮时间常压4h,或0.2Mpa30m in,制曲温度37℃,盐水用量为原料的90%,浓度约为12%,温度45℃,前发酵温度42℃,发酵时间前期约40天;后发酵温度38℃,发酵时间约30天。同时进行成曲及半成品配比实验,结果表明黄豆甜面酱采用半成品配比要比成曲配比效果更好。     

固定化黑曲霉生产柠檬酸的研究

将黑曲霉(Aspergillus niger)菌丝体及孢子联合包埋在海藻酸钙凝胶中,用于生产柠檬酸。确定了包埋固定化的最佳条件:海藻酸钠浓度2.0～2.5%,氯化钙浓度5.0～10.0%。确定了固定化微生物摇瓶发酵生产柠檬酸的条件为:蔗糖12%,发酵液初始pH 值3.0,培养温度35℃等。对固定化微生物半连续发酵生产柠檬酸进行了初步探索。     

半纤维素水解液发酵木糖醇的关键因子

为了提高Candida sp.ZU-04发酵玉米芯半纤维素水解液生产木糖醇的得率，采用石灰中和、石灰过中和、活性炭脱色、离子交换树脂吸附等措施对水解液进行脱毒处理，并在3.7 L发酵罐中（30 ℃、转速300 r/min、pH 5.5）考察了不同通气条件对发酵工艺的影响.结果表明，弱碱性离子交换树脂D301对半纤维素水解液具有良好的脱毒效果，能明显改善半纤维素水解液的发酵性能；分阶段改变通气速率比恒定通气速率发酵生产木糖醇得率更高，前期（0～24 h）通气速率为3.75 L/min，后期（24～96 h）通气速率为0.75 L/min，木糖醇得率为76.0％，体积生产速率为0.76 g/(L·h)，该工艺为工业上利用半纤维素水解液大规模发酵生产木糖醇奠定了基础.     

固体废物膏体充填不迁村采煤

对比分析了村庄压煤采用传统迁村开采、条带开采存在的问题，以及采用固体废物膏体充填不迁村采煤技术的优越性，阐明我国煤矿发展固体废物膏体充填的重要意义。提出5种不迁村膏体充填采煤方法，分析煤矿膏体充填的特殊性，介绍了专门为煤矿膏体充填研究的2种膏体胶结料，并指出了膏体充填不迁村采煤技术的研究方向。     

基于水膜厚度假设分析磨细高炉矿渣对水泥浆性能影响

为探索磨细高炉矿渣对水泥浆性能及其水膜厚度的影响,研究测量了30组不同水胶比、不同磨细高炉矿渣掺量的水泥–;矿渣复合浆体的流动性能、黏聚性和抗压强度.为探索浆体的流变性能控制机理,进一步测量了5组不同磨细高炉矿渣掺量水泥–;矿渣复合浆体的填充密度,并基于填充密度测量结果计算出各浆体试样配比的水膜厚度,探索水膜厚度对水泥–;矿渣复合浆体流变性能的影响.实验结果表明,适量磨细高炉矿渣的掺入能提高浆体的流动性能和抗压强度,黏聚性些许减弱,最优配比磨细高炉矿渣掺量为5%,此时水泥–;矿渣复合浆体综合性能最好.磨细高炉矿渣掺入能提高胶凝材料的填充密度,水膜厚度为流动性主要控制因素,水泥浆的流动性能随水膜厚度增大而增大.     

纳米级SiOx与硅灰对水泥浆体需水量的影响

研究了硅灰和纳米级SiO2x对水泥浆体量需水量的影响。研究表明，纳米级SiOx的掺量对水泥浆体的需水量影响非常显著，当纳米缘SiOx掺量达到水泥用量的8％时，水泥浆体的需水量增大一倍，而硅灰的掺量在水泥用量10％以内时，对水泥浆体的需水量影响不明显，并通过试验建立了水泥标准稠度用水量与纳米级SiOx硅灰的掺量关系的数学模型。     

功能调整材料对水泥浆体流动性影响

使用自行研制的H管分别研究了不同功能调整材料对水泥浆体流动性的影响,得到不同种类矿物掺合料和增稠剂对水泥浆体流动性改性规律:粉煤灰掺量的增加引起浆体流动性先增加后减小;矿粉掺量越大,浆体流动性越大;硅灰和增稠剂掺量越大,浆体流动性越差。H管对水泥浆体流动性变化十分敏感,可以准确快速评价不同功能调整材料对水泥浆体流动性影响。     

复合酶纺织浆料的研制

玉米面和锯末在复合酶作用下,于水中发生酶促反应(生物催化反应),生成亲水性凝聚状胶体。滤除渣后,其滤液即为纺织用浆料。经棉纱上浆试验证明:性能优于目前采用的淀粉/PVA浆料,且成本低、常温上浆节省蒸汽,具有广阔的推广应用前景。     

UNIFORMITY ASSESSMENT OF CARBON FIBRES DISPERSION IN CEMENT PASTE BY IMPEDANCE MEASUREMENTS

An alternating current was applied to measure the impedance of a hardened cement paste with various contents of carbon fibres. When the free water content in the hardened cement paste is 90%-98%, and the measuring frequency 500Hz, an approximate linear relationship was found between fibre content and impedance of the composite. Based on this relationship , a new attempt was made to evaluate the dispersion uniformity of carbon fibres in cement paste by impedance measurement. The standard deviation S and the coefficient of vriation S/Xi     

Effect of Fly Ash on Rheological Properties of Cement Paste

This paper is aimed to study the factors influencing rheological properties of cement paste with fly ash,including the quantity of cement replaced by fly ash,types of the fly ash,degree of cement hydration and the microstructure of cement paste. By changing the water-cement ratio,mixing different amounts of fly ash,adding different types fly ash,the rheological parameters of cement paste are measured with a rheometer,and the needle penetration are tested by Vical needle. A ultrasound velocity test was aslo employed to monitor hydration of paste at early ages. Combinations of different factors on the rheological properties of cement paste are studied. The objective is to reveal the effect mechanism of material nature and proportion of each component on the rheological properties of cement paste with fly ash.     

Adsorption mechanism of polycarboxylate-based superplasticizer in CFBC ash-Portland cement paste

Circulating fluidized bed combustion （CFBC） ash exhibits the desirable pozzolanic activity which makes it a potential supplementary cementitious material to replace cement for concrete production. However, the high unburnt carbon content and porous surface structure of CFBC ash may adsorb water reducer and thereby significantly reduce the efficiency of water-reducing agents. The adsorption mechanism of polycarboxylate superplasticizer in CFBC ash-Portland cement paste was investigated by ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer, and the conception of ＂invalid adsorption site＂ of CFBC ash was presented. The results show that the adsorption behavior of polycarboxylate superplasticizer in coal ash-Portland cement paste can be described by Langmuir isothermal adsorption equation. The adsorption capacity of CFBC ash-Portland cement paste is higher than that of pulverized coal combustion （PCC） fly ash-Portland cement paste. Moreover, the adsorption amount of polycarboxylate superplasticizer increases with the ratio of ash-to-cement in the paste. At last, the fluidity of CFBC ash-Portland cement paste is lower than that of the PCC fly ash paste. This work suggests that when CFBC ash is used as concrete admixture, the poor flowability of the cementitious system due to the high adsorption of water and water-reducing agent should be taken into consideration.     

Reliability of paste fill system of the Jinchuan No.2mine

Bacause of poor ground conditions,stoping methods of underhand headings with cemented fill were used in the Jinchuan No.2 mine,a paste fill system was set up.In order to evaluate the reliability of the new system,investigations and trial running have been done,More than 20 items of modification or improvements related to paste preparation subsystem,pump and pipe subsystem,auto-controlling and monitoring subsystem were finished.The reliability of the paste fill system was analyzed by using the theory of large complex system,and it is useful in reliability study on paste fill system.