矿渣高钙灰复合水泥的水化程度研究

根据水化热、化学收缩、CH生成量和强度等实验结果，分析了由30％矿渣＋25％改性高钙灰＋45％52．5PⅡ水泥制备的42．5矿渣高钙灰复合水泥在不同龄期的水化程度。与普通硅酸盐水泥相比，由于高掺量的矿渣及改性高钙灰大幅度减少了熟料量，同时其火山灰反应消耗熟料的水化产物CH，水化产物组成和结构改变，水化热显著降低，早期化学收缩降低而后期化学收缩基本一致，不同龄期的CH生成量均显著降低，7d和28d的龄期强度接近，该复合水泥能够有效控制集中放热期的水化程度和优化水化产物组成，有利于改善耐久性。降低水胶比减少水化热、化学收缩和CH生成量，使水化度降低，但有利于水泥石结构的优化。     

纳米C—S—H/PCE对硅酸盐-硫铝酸盐复合水泥凝结硬化的影响

研究了纳米C—S—H/PCE对硅酸盐-硫铝酸盐复合水泥凝结时间、早期水化历程及抗压强度的影响,采用XRD、TG、pH计和SEM等分析测试手段对早龄期水化产物和液相碱度等进行表征,探讨了纳米C—S—H/PCE对硅酸盐-硫铝酸盐复合水泥的增强机理。结果表明：掺加纳米C—S—H/PCE能有效缩短硅酸盐-硫铝酸盐复合水泥浆体初凝及终凝时间,当C—S—H掺量≥1.0%时,硅酸盐-硫铝酸盐复合水泥的初、终凝时间差明显缩短。纳米C—S—H/PCE加快了硅酸盐-硫铝酸盐复合水泥水化放热速率,提高了总的水化放热量,早期水化产物生成数量多,但对水泥水化产物类型没有影响,硅酸盐-硫铝酸盐复合水泥体系8、12、16 h的抗压强度显著提高。     

煤矸石-水泥二元胶凝材料水化动力学研究

为揭示煤矸石对水泥水化过程的影响,采用等温量热仪研究了煅烧煤矸石-水泥复合胶凝体系的水化动力学。煤矸石-水泥二元胶凝材料水化放热规律与纯水泥基本一致;复合盐(CaCl2—K2SO4,CaCO3—K2SO4)能够促进煤矸石-水泥胶凝材料的水化,缩短煤矸石-水泥胶凝材料的水化诱导期,提高煤矸石-水泥的水化放热量;从加速期水化反应速率常数和水化放热量来看,氯盐-硫酸盐比碳酸盐-硫酸盐对煤矸石-水泥二元胶凝材料激发效果更好。     

铝率对硅酸盐水泥熟料形成动力学的影响

本文研究了铝率对硅酸盐水泥熟料形成动力学的影响,结果表明：降低铝率可降低熟料形成反应的表观活化能,提高反应速率常数,加速熟料形成,降低铝率是提高产量,降低热耗的有效途径。     

硅酸盐水泥水化动力学简化模型

为了更加清晰地阐明水灰比对硅酸盐水泥水化进程的影响,分析了硅酸盐水泥的水化动力学模型(Tomosawa模型,T模型),并将其简化为由传质过程、相界面反应和扩散过程所组成的简化T模型．结合化学结合水法测定水化程度,应用T模型及简化T模型对两种不同水灰比水泥浆体的水化动力学进行研究．结果表明:水泥水化动力学模型中的参数受水灰比的影响各异,其中与传质过程相关的参数几乎不受水灰比的影响;与相界面反应相关的参数受水灰比的影响较小;而与扩散系数相关的参数受水灰比影响显著．简化T模型可以较好地分段模拟水化速率随水化程度变化的总体趋势,且该趋势不受水灰比影响,但是相界面反应控制向扩散过程控制转变时的临界水化程度受到水灰比的影响,且随水灰比增加,临界水化程度增大．     

高温煅烧石膏硅酸盐水泥早期水化产物的研究

利用DTA、XRD、IR、化学结合水和Ca（OH）2生成量测定等方法,研究了煅烧石膏、二水石膏对硅酸盐水泥早期水化过程的影响。结果表明：在水化龄期相同时,掺煅烧石膏水泥浆体中水化产物同掺二水石膏相比,Ca（OH）2生成量大;在一天前无AFt生成;结合水量在一天前前者高于后者,而一天后则相反。指出了煅烧石膏提高水泥强度的机理在于：由于煅烧石膏的溶解速度较低,在水泥水化初期（1d前）,存在于水泥中的铝酸盐相不能形成AFt,从而减缓了AFt对水泥水化的延缓作用,加速了整个熟料矿物相的水化,提高了水泥的强度。     

11CaO·7Al2O3·CaF2的水化及水化动力学过程研究

研究了不同温度下水泥熟料矿物氟铝酸钙 11Ca O· 7Al2 O3· Ca F2 的水化及其水化动力学过程。研究表明 ,11Ca O· 7Al2 O3· Ca F2 的水化产物及其水化程度随水化温度范围的不同而变化。当水化温度低于 30℃时 ,水化温度提高 ,11Ca O· 7Al2 O3· Ca F2 的早期水化程度显著提高 ;30℃以后水化温度的影响不大。在 15～ 6 0℃范围内 ,11Ca O·7Al2 O3· Ca F2 的水化反应在进行 0 .5 h后便进入受扩散控制阶段 ,其水化程度 α与水化时间 t的关系符合 Kondo R等提出的水化动力学方程 :[1- (1-α) 1 /3]N=K t。此外 ,制备了可用于对铝酸盐水泥水化产物进行 QXDA分析时作标准物质的纯 C2 AH8和 C3AH6 。     

镁渣配料煅烧水泥熟料的动力学研究

采用生料易烧性方法进行了实验,应用金斯特林格方程和阿累尼乌斯公式得出了熟料形成反应速率常数和熟料形成反应的表观活化能,利用XRD分析了镁渣的矿物组成。结果表明：镁渣可作为硅酸盐水泥熟料煅烧的原料使用,而且还可显著降低熟料形成反应的表观活化能,降低熟料的煅烧温度,加快熟料矿物的形成,缩短烧成时间。     

垃圾焚烧炉渣对水泥性能及浸出毒性的影响

研究了掺入垃圾焚烧炉渣的硬化水泥浆体的力学性能和水化机理,探讨了垃圾焚烧炉渣作为辅助性胶凝材料利用的可行性.研究表明:垃圾焚烧炉渣的水化反应活性较低,它的掺入在一定程度上延缓了水泥的水化过程,炉渣的掺入会降低水泥强度,且随着掺量的增加强度降低程度越明显;掺垃圾焚烧炉渣水泥中重金属离子浸出量很小,焚烧炉渣作为辅助性胶凝材料使用是安全的.     

用电阻率法研究氯氧镁水泥早期水化行为

本文采用无电极电阻率测量仪系统研究了氯氧镁水泥早期水化行为,测定了不同原料以及掺合料氯氧镁水泥水化电阻率-时间曲线,测试了1d抗弯拉与抗压强度.试验结果表明:电阻率曲线发展特性能够表征氯氧镁水泥早期水化行为;根据电阻率曲线规律及其微分曲线特征点,氯氧镁水泥早期水化过程分为四个阶段:溶解期,诱导期,加速期,减速期;采用轻烧白云石粉作为氯氧镁水泥主要原料会大幅度降低氯氧镁水泥水化速度和早期强度;粉煤灰掺入延缓了氯氧镁水泥水化各阶段的反应速率,延长了氯氧镁水泥的诱导期和加速期,降低了氯氧镁水泥早期强度.     

Hydration kinetics of phosphorus slag-cement paste

Hydration characteristics of Portland cement paste with phosphorus slag powder incorporated and hydration kinetics was investigated with SEM, X-ray diffraction, DTA-TG and calorimeter II 80. Results showed that phosphorus slag powder could reduce total amount of hydration products yet had little influence on the type of hydration products. The total amount of heat of hydration was decreased by 49.11% and the final setting was postponed by 2.28 h when phosphorus slag powder substituted 35% Portland cement by mass. The accelerating stage of this composite paste was controlled by catalysis, decreasing stage controlled by both catalysis and diffusion while stabilizing stage by diffusion alone. Hydration resistance and activation energy were reduced and hydration speed was accelerated.     

Model Analysis of Initial Hydration and Strueture Forming of Portland Cement

The auto efficiently hydration heat arrangement and the non-contacting electrical resistivity device were used to test the thermology effect and the resistivity variation of Portland cement hydration. The structure forming model of Portland cement initial hydration was established through the systematical experiments with different cements,the amount of mixing water and the chemical admixture.The experimental results show that,the structure forming model of cement could be divided into three stages,i e,solution-solution equilibrium period,structure forming period and structure stabilizing period.Along with the increase of mixing water,the time of inflexion appeared is in advance for thermal process of cement hydration and worsened for the structure forming process.Comparison with the control specimen,adding Na_2SO_4 makes the minimum critical point lower,the flattening period shorter and the growing slope after stage one steeper.So the hydration and structure forming process of Portland cement could be described more exactly by applying thc thermal model and the structure-forming model.     

Model Analysis of Initial Hydration and Structure Forming of Portland Cement

The auto efficiently hydration heat arrangement and the non-contacting electrical resistivity device were used to test the therrnology effect and the resistivity variation of Portland cement hydration. The structure forming model of Portland cement initial hydration was established through the systematical experiments with different cements, the amount of mixing water and the chemical admixture. The experimental results show that, the structure forming model of cement could be divided into three stages, i e, solution-solution equilibrium period, structure forming period and structure stabilizing period. Along with the increase of mixing water, the time of inflexion appeared is in advance for thermal process of cement hydration and worsened for the structure forming process. Comparison with the control specimen, adding Na2SO4 makes the minimum critical point lower, the flattening period shorter and the growing slope after stage one steeper. So the hydration and structure forming process of Portland cement could be described more exactly by applying the thermal model and the structure-forming model.     

Effect of Fine Steel Slag Powder on the Early Hydration Process of Portland Cement

1 IntroductionSteel slag is the waste residue of fluxing mineralsused in the process of steel producing. Its dischargeamount is about 10 % of the production of steel . Steelslag hasn’t been utilized widely and effectively in a longperiod of time[1]. Hundreds of million tons of steel slagare deposited,andthe amount is still increasing withtensof milliontons every year .The deposited steel slag occu-pies great amounts of farmlands and induces serious en-vironment problems . The main chemical c…     

Hydration mechanism of sulphoaluminate cement

The feasibility of sulphoaluminate cement (SAC) utilization in support mortar was studied. Setting time and strength of as-received sulphoaluminate cement (SAC) paste were examined, hydration kinetics behavior was determined through Isothermal Calorimeter, and hydration mechanism was investigated by X-Ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscopy analysis(FSEM). Results showed that as-received SAC contained 61% of anhydrous calcium sulfate (3CA·CaSO4) and dicalcium silicate (C2S). The strength after 1 day or 3 days grew to 68.6% or 85.7% of that after 28 days respectively, while most of hydration heat was released within 1 day. The emergency of three exothermic peaks at acceleration stage was found and hydration kinetics model was established choosing the terminal time of the first exothermic peak at accelerating stage as the beginning of accelerating stage. XRD analysis suggested that large amount of ettringite (AFt) was produced at early age and FSEM observation revealed that ettringite (AFt) formed in sulphoaluminate cement (SAC) paste was characterized of different morphology which was proved to be caused by different ion concentrations.     

Hydration Kinetics of Municipal Solid Wastes Incineration(MSWI) Fly Ash-Cement

Hydration heat behavior and kinetics of blended cement containing up to 20% MSWI fly ash were investigated based on its hydration heat evolution rate measured by isothermal calorimeter. Kinetics parameters, N and K, and hydration degree, Ca(OH)_2 content, were also calculated and analyzed. According to the experimental results, the induction period was elongated, the second heat evolution peak was in advance, and the third hydration heat peak could be detected due to MSWI fly ash pozzolanic reaction. The hydration reaction rate was controlled by nucleation kinetics in the acceleration period and then by diffusion in the decay period, but in the deceleration period, the hydration experienced a dual controlling reaction of autocatalytic chemical reaction and diffusion. The hydration rate of blended cement was faster. Ca(OH)_2 content increased before 14 days.     

纳米高岭土颗粒改性水泥基复合材料的性能

研究了纳米高岭土颗粒对不同龄期水泥基材料微观结构（微孔结构、微观结构）及物理力学性能（工作性、抗弯强度、抗压强度、氯离子渗透性）的影响。结果表明,纳米高岭土颗粒的填充效应及其对水泥水化的促进作用改善了水泥基材料的微观孔结构,限制了氯离子在水泥基材料中的渗透扩散。当高岭土为水泥质量的1％时,水泥浆1、3、7、90 d抗弯强度分别提高30．41％、39．04％、36．27％和38．32％;当高岭土为水泥质量的5％时,水泥砂浆氯离子扩散系数降低53．03％;混凝土氯离子扩散系数随高岭土掺量增加呈指数递减;当高岭土为水泥质量的5％时,氯离子扩散系数降低18．87％;抗压强度分别提高28．4％;改性混凝土28 d抗压强度与混凝土氯离子扩散系数呈线性增加关系。     

Effects of clinker contents of different C3A and C4AF on the performance of PSC cement

Phosphogypsum-slag-clink (PSC) cement were prepared by original phosphogypsum(PG), which was grinded after dried at 60 °C combined with different contents of phosphogypsum (15%, 20%, 30%), and a small amount of different C₃A, C₄AF contents of finely ground cement clinker, and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS). Physical mechanical and sugaring properties were studied. The results show that compressive strength of PSC cement with 20% phosphogypsum at 3 d ages would be higher than 17 MPa and even 50 MPa at 28 days. Compressive strength at longer curing stage and sugaring properties of PSC with lower content of C₃A higher C₄AF clinker were improved. pH value of PSC cement system at early stage was relatively low, and pH gradually increased with the addition of clinker. pH increased firstly and then decreased with the hydration stage. SEM analyses showed that the amount of ettringite, which was influenced by pH and content of Al, must be controlled in PSC cement system, which may cause damage to microstructure or even expansive cracks if large amount of ettringite formed in hardened paste.     

Hydration heat effect of cement pastes modified with hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether and expanded perlite

Hydration heat effect of cement pastes and mechanism of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether (HPMC) and expanded perlite in cement pastes were studied by means of hydration exothermic rate, hydration heat amount, FTIR and TG-DTG. The results show that HPMC can significantly delay the hydration induction period and acceleration period of cement pastes. As mixing amount increased, hydration induction period of cement pastes enlarged and accelerated period gradually went back. At the same time, the amount of hydration heat gradually decreased. Expanded perlite had worse delay effects and less change of hydration heat amount of cement pastes than HPMC. HPMC changed the structure of C-S-H during cement hydration. The more amount of HPMC, the more obvious effect. However, EXP had little influence on the structure of C-S-H. At the same age, the content of Ca (OH)2 in cement pastes gradually decreased as the mixing amount increase of HPMC and expanded perlite, and had better delay effect than that single-doped with HPMC or expanded perlite when HPMC and expanded perlite were both doped in cement pastes.     

甲酸钙对水泥浆体抗压强度、水化及孔结构的影响

研究了甲酸钙对普通硅酸盐水泥浆体和硅酸盐水泥浆体抗压强度的影响,采用XRD、压汞法和灼烧法,测试了甲酸钙对水泥浆体水化产物组成、孔结构及化学结合水的影响。结果表明：甲酸钙能加速水泥的水化,促进Ca（OH）2的生成,提高水泥浆体的水化程度;甲酸钙能明显改善水泥浆体的孔结构,减少孔隙率和细化孔径;甲酸钙对P·O42．5普通硅酸盐水泥浆体早期强度的提升要比对P·152．5硅酸盐水泥的效果好。