二道垭隧道开挖与支护的数值模拟分析

大量工程实践表明，岩体工程开挖后的应力调整和变形并不是瞬时完成，本文采用大型有限元工程模拟分析软件ABAQUS，模拟二道垭隧道的开挖与支护过程，研究隧道开挖后考虑不同的应力释放比例后再支护时，围岩的变形及锚杆的受力情况．计算结果表明：对于松软岩层来说，考虑应力释放后再支护的计算结果更好地反映工程围岩的变形和破坏特性．     

二道垭隧道开挖与支护的数值模拟分析

大量工程实践表明,岩体工程开挖后的应力调整和变形并不是瞬时完成,本文采用大型有限元工程模拟分析软件ABAQUS,模拟二道垭隧道的开挖与支护过程,研究隧道开挖后考虑不同的应力释放比例后再支护时,围岩的变形及锚杆的受力情况. 计算结果表明：对于松软岩层来说,考虑应力释放后再支护的计算结果更好地反映工程围岩的变形和破坏特性.     

偏心异径管应力的有限元数值分析

本文对某化工企业高温高压蒸汽管线上的偏心异径管进行了有限元数值分析，所得的最大应力点与工厂的实际失效部位吻合，为管线的寻优布管及变幅值疲劳研究提供了可靠的依据。     

Shear stress distribution and characteristics of deformation for shear band-elastic body system at pre-peak and post-peak

The distributed shear stress and the displacement across shear band, the evolution of plastic zones, and the load-carrying capacity of rock specimen were investigated in plane strain direct shear test according to Fast Lagrangian Analysis of Continua （FLAC）. And then the shear displacement distribution in normal direction of system composed of localized shear band and elastic rock was analyzed based on gradient-dependent plasticity. The adopted failure criterion was a composite of Mohr-Coulomb criterion, that is, the relation between tension cut-off and postpeak constitutive of rock was linear strain-softening. Numerical results show that shear stress field approximately undergoes three different stages. At first, shear stress is only concentrated in the middle of top and base of specimen. Next, shear stress in the middle of specimen tends to increase, owing to superposition of shear stresses. Interestingly, two peaks of shear stress appear far from the loading ends of specimen, and the peaks approach with the increase in timestep until elements at the center of specimen yield. Finally, relatively lower shear stress level is reached in large part of specimen except in the regions near the two ends. As flow stress decreases, the analytical shear displacement distribution in shear band based on gradient-dependent plasticity becomes steeps outside the band, it is linear and its slope tends to decrease. These theoretical results qualitatively agree with that of the present numerical predicted results. Main advantage of the analytical solution over the numerical results according to FLAC is that it is continuous, smooth and non-linear （except at elastic stage）.     

Analysis of the Conventional Spinning Process by FEM

A nonlinear FEM program ADINA was employed for analyzing the conventional spinning process. Based on experiments, a calculation model for the initied deformation stage was established. The calculated results include the displacement of workpieces, stress and strain distributions, and the relationship between the spinning force and the axial feed of a spinning roller. Furthermore, a new explanation for the deformation mechanism of workpieces is given in this paper.     

公路隧道应力释放率对软弱围岩稳定性影响

近年来,由于新奥法广泛地运用于地下工程的施工过程中,围岩与支护结构之间的相互作用以及支护时机受到越来越多的关注。中条山隧道洞口段软弱围岩开挖步序多、工序及应力变化复杂,尤其是核心土解除后和二衬施工前安全风险大。本文采用有限差分软件对该隧道洞口段施工过程进行三维数值模拟,研究了洞周位移及支护结构在不同应力释放率下的力学响应,重点分析了典型断面处洞周围岩及支护结构的位移和受力情况,以及洞周位移随施工过程的动态变化规律。研究结果表明：对于软弱围岩公路隧道,应力释放率越大,围岩的塑性区发展范围越大,洞周位移越大;开挖过程中,拱顶沉降受到的持续性扰动较大;待二次衬砌施作后,仰拱隆起和收敛位移趋于稳定。     

巷道围岩稳定性表征变量的一种快速实现方法

针对某些表征围岩稳定性的新变量存在数据量大、处理过程繁琐等问题,以某矿为工程背景,提出了一种基于VB编程的围岩新表征变量的快速批量实现方法,在此基础上,对围岩屈服范围、扰动程度和围岩扰动应力场中主应力的偏转规律进行了分析。结果表明:二次处理程序大大提高了围岩新表征变量的处理速度,降低了手动分批计算的错误率,且点安全系数表征的围岩屈服范围与常规塑性区范围基本吻合,并反映出巷道底板的扰动程度大于顶板及两帮,扰动应力场中,巷道两帮的最大主应力为竖直应力,顶底板的最大主应力为平行于巷道径向的水平应力。     

深部巷道稳定的若干岩石力学问题

论述了深部岩石力学与工程问题研究的意义；评述了深部原岩应力分布对岩石性质与岩石工程的影响；指出了岩石强度失效与工程围岩破坏过程的实质；分析和评价了岩石破坏所形成的序列结构形式以及对其强度的影响．根据深部岩石工程施工以及变形破坏的特点，通过对工程开挖的卸压影响、岩石脆性与延性破坏的关系以及岩石变形、破坏的时间效应的分析，说明了深部岩石工程稳定有其不同的性质与特点．     

深孔内表面槽纹深度和粗糙度的光切测量

将光切测量法应用于深孔表面槽纹深度和粗糙度的测量，首次推导出适合于柱面的光切测量方程；设计了一种采用自聚焦透镜和光纤束传像与照明的微小测量头，为深孔内表面槽纹深度和粗糙度的测量提供了一种先进而又可靠的方法     

改进的GSI系统在洞室围岩力学参数识别中的应用

针对传统GSI系统未考虑岩体中结构面产状对工程岩体参数的影响这一问题,结合国内相关工程岩体规范和句容抽水蓄能电站工程二号平硐,根据结构面与洞轴线的空间关系,确定其对结构面条件参数SCR的影响系数,改进了SCR的统计方法,确定围岩的等效物理力学参数。研究表明：改进之后的GSI体系求解围岩的等效弹性模量和粘聚力分别减小了约22.3%和8.3%的误差。