新型高分子键合剂的合成及其性能的研究

为解决推进剂的脱湿问题合成出了3-烯丙基-5,5-二甲基海因（ADMH）,并将其分别与两组单体进行反应物配比不同的共聚,得到6个共聚物键合剂．将其应用到NEPE推进剂（硝酸酯增塑聚醚高能推进剂）的某个配方中,进行了力学性能测试．试验结果表明,ADMH可有效提高推进剂在常温、高温和低温时的最大抗拉强度、最大延伸率和断裂延伸率;6个聚合物键合剂可大幅度提高最大抗拉强度,但对延伸率的提高还有待研究．     

几种离子液体对聚丙烯腈溶解性能的研究

为寻求纺制腈纶(PAN)用绿色溶剂,自行合成出4种离子液体,分别观察其对PAN的溶解过程.结果认为,离子液体 [BMIM]CI、[AMIM]Cl、[BMIM]Br都能溶解PAN,其溶解温度分别为90℃,110℃和100℃.其中[BMIM]Cl 的溶解能力最强,而[AMIM]OH 不能使PAN溶解.     

末端含1,3,4-噻二唑聚苯乙烯的ATRP合成及其荧光性能研究

合成了化合物2-苯基-5-(4-溴甲苯基)-1,3,4-噻二唑(PBrMPTDA),并以其作为引发剂、PMDETA/CuBr为催化剂、环己酮为溶剂,实现了苯乙烯的原子转移自由基聚合(ATRP).一级动力学曲线证明该聚合反应符合"活性"/可控自由基聚合,同时讨论了配体用量、温度和引发剂浓度对聚合速率的影响,发现在100℃下n(St)/n(PBrMPTDA)/n(CuBr)/n(PMDETA)=200/1/1/1能较有效控制苯乙烯的原子转移自由基聚合,所得聚合物相对分子质量分布(mw/mn)较窄(1.22～1.50).对聚苯乙烯的荧光光谱研究发现,端基功能化的聚苯乙烯在390nm处有很强的荧光.     

茶多酚-铜络合物的合成及其抗菌、消臭性能研究

在常温常压条件下合成了茶多酚-铜（TP—Cu（Ⅱ））络合物,优化了其合成条件;探讨了合成TP—Cu（Ⅱ）络合物整理涤纶织物的抗菌、消臭性能,并与茶多酚（TP）整理涤纶织物进行了比较。实验结果表明,TP—Cu（Ⅱ）络合物优化合成条件为：nCu（Ⅱ）：nTP（摩尔比）为2,合成温度为30℃,合成时间为40min,反应液pH-5;相对TP,合成TP—Cu（Ⅱ）络合物整理涤纶织物的抗菌、消臭性能有了明显提高。研究表明铜离子（Ⅱ）对TP络合改性,可以改善TP的抗菌、消臭性能。     

2,2-二甲基丙酸的合成工艺研究

研究了以甲基叔丁基酮和价廉的低浓度次氯酸钠为原料,季铵盐为相转移催化剂制备2,2-二甲基丙酸的工艺条件,实验结果表明,相转移催化剂的加入可有效提高2,2-二甲基丙酸的收率,相转移催化剂为四乙基溴化铵,原料摩尔比为1:3.45,反应时间为4.5 h,收率达到72.87％,纯度达到99％以上.     

再生混凝土粘结性能试验研究

为进一步在实际工程中推广应用再生混凝土,通过再生混凝土拔出试验,研究再生粗骨料、细骨料取代率,水灰比及锚固条件对再生混凝土抗压强度、粘结性能的影响.结果表明:再生混凝土的粘结强度随再生粗骨料取代率增加而增加,在粗骨料取代率约为60%时取得最大值,随后降低;再生混凝土的粘结强度随再生细骨料取代率增加而降低;再生混凝土的粘结强度优于普通混凝土;过多掺入再生粗、细骨料会降低再生混凝土抗压强度;降低水灰比可提高再生混凝土抗压强度及粘结强度,水灰比变化对再生混凝土抗压强度的影响较普通混凝土小;适当增加保护层厚度(≤3 d)及锚固长度可以提高再生混凝土粘结强度.     

海藻酸钠/羊毛角蛋白纤维的氢键作用及其结构与性能

以废弃羊毛为原料,采用酸碱法提取羊毛角蛋白,湿法纺丝制备海藻酸钠/羊毛角蛋白(SA/WK)复合纤维,研究了 SA/WK复合体系中的氢键,以及氢键对其结构和性能的影响.通过FT-IR、SEM对复合纤维化学结构和微观形态结构进行表征,对其流变性能、结晶性能和力学性能进行了研究.结果表明,SA/WK纤维中存在分子内氢键和分子...     

AT30金属陶瓷的相变增韧及其对磨粒磨损性能研究

本文较为系统地研究了ＡＴ３０金属陶瓷的相变增韧和其抗磨粒磨损性能。结果表明：在ＡＴ３０材料中适量地加入ＺｒＯ２可以有效地提高其断裂性能和抗弯强度及其抗磨粒磨损性能。     

The drug-carrier interactions, release behaviors and cell responses of hydroxyapaptite containing several Chinese medicines

The present work shows drug-carrier interactions, release behaviors and cell responses of hydroxyapatite (HA) containing salvianolic acid B (Sal B), astragalus polysaccharide (APS), and naringin. X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed that the crystallinity and crystal size of HA decreased significantly when Sal B was added (p<0.05). Transmission electron microscope (TEM) confirmed that the nano-acicular crystals of HA containing Sal B were the most fine among all specimens. It was conjectured that Sal B preferentially adsorbed on the positively charged surface of HA crystals to inhibit their growth. In vitro release of HA containing Chinese medicines followed the first-order equation. The drug-carrier affinity between HA and Sal B might have prolonged the release of Sal B. The proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts were promoted by Chinese medicines containing HA in the time and dosage dependent manner. The osteoblasts displayed a polygonal morphology with cell-cell junctions in all cases. It is suggested that the contained Chinese medicines would promote the activities of the osteoblasts.     

Effect of the synthesis method of SnSb anode materials on their electrochemical properties

SnSb alloy powders for the anode of Li-ion batteries were synthesized by two kinds of reduction precipitation methods: solution titration and rapid mixing. Two kinds of SnSb alloy powders showed different phase compositions and particle morpholo-gies although the same starting materials were used. The SnSb alloy electrode synthesized by titration exhibits high reversible spe-cific capacity and good cycling stability, whereas the rapid-mixing sample shows high irreversible capacity and fast capacity fade. The broad particle size distribution of SnSb powders synthesized by titration is considered to be responsible for the improvement of cycling stability. The initial charge-discharge efficiency exceeding 80/ has been obtained for the titration sample. The electro-chemical reaction process of two kinds of synthesized SnSb composite electrodes was characterized by cyclic voltammetry and AC impedance techniques.     

LaMn_2O_5的水热合成及磁学性能

以La(NO3)3、KMnO4和MnCl2为反应原料,用KOH调节pH,在水热条件下合成了LaMn2O5晶体。利用X射线粉末衍射(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对产物的结构和形貌进行了表征,用超导量子干涉仪对产物的磁学性能进行了测试。所制备的产物为纯相,具有正交相结构;产物为大颗粒晶体,呈四方柱和四方双锥组合而成的聚形晶体,晶体最长的对角线长度约为32μm;在低温50K附近,发生了ZFC和FC的分离,化合物进入了自玻璃状态。