Evaluation of Mixture Performance Recycled Asphalt Pavement Materials as Base Layer with or without Rejuvenator into the Asphalt

The binder properties were determined in accordance with Chinese standard such as ductility test,which allowed to measure the distance in centimeters that a standard briquette of asphalt had been stretched before breaking.Then,penetration test was carried out in order to know some properties of the asphalt,which are the hardness and the softness.Finally,softening point test was carried out in order to determine the temperature at which the bitumen attains a particular degree of softening under the specification of the test.According to Chinese standard for performance tests,firstly,Marshall test was carried out in order to measure the theoretical density,air voids,voids filled with asphalt,stability,flow,and voids in mineral aggregate of asphalt specimens.Secondly,Freeze-thaw splitting test was carried out in order to determine Splitting strength ratio.Finally,dynamic stability (rutting) test was carried out to determine average dynamic stability.Beside the tests carried out,the gradation of the extracted aggregate in accordance with American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials was carried out to determine the dimensions of the particles weight distribution.Furthermore,both the percentage of recycled asphalt pavement materials and binder in mixture were determined to know how much of the new material during the mixture was needed.However,two specimens were used to evaluate the performance of recycled asphalt pavement materials.One specimen of recycled asphalt pavement materials was ten years old,and another one of recycled asphalt pavement materials was five years old.The results show that the conditions of the environment such as moisture,temperature,and age,decrease the ductility and penetration properties of binder when increase the softening point property of binder.Then the gradation of recycled asphalt pavement aggregate is of the required values to reuse in the mixture,while the flow ratio,the splitting strength ratio,and the dynamic stability ratio,are less than the required value test.With regard to the properties of mixture of recycled asphalt pavement material binder with rejuvenator,the results show that when the penetration and ductility versus percentage of rejuvenator increase,softening point versus percentage of rejuvenator decreases.Also,when the bitumen and rejuvenator percentage increase,the air voids decrease.Consequently,voids filled with asphalt and voids in the mineral aggregate increase.Moreover,the theoretical density and stability values decrease in a mixture containing four-point fifty percent to six percent of bitumen and rejuvenator,whereas the flow values increase.More interestingly,with four percent to four-point fifty percent mixture ratio of bitumen and rejuvenator,density,stability,and flow values increase.The splitting strength ratio values of mixtures and the dynamic stability test (rutting test) values of mixtures with forty percent of specimen one and specimen two respectively are greater than the required value of the standard test.In addition,the high percentage of rejuvenator increases the rut of pavement,in the same manner,the low percentage of rejuvenator induces low rut.In conclusion,the binder content from recycled materials without rejuvenator seems not be sufficient to be reused on the new pavement while the aged recycled material seems to be performed better than no aged recycled material with rejuvenator into bitumen.Then,the rejuvenator can influence the bitumen properties and performance of the pavement.Finally,the pavement made by only recycled pavement materials as a base layer appears to be more economical but cannot be more effective than the pavement made by mixture of new and recycled pavement materials as a base layer.     

Diffusion and Regeneration Mechanism of Waste Composite Oils Rejuvenator in Aged Asphalt

The physical performance of recycled asphalt was used as the main evaluation index to study the optimal range of a self-made rejuvenator.Through the penetration,viscosity and gel permeation chromatography (GPC) tests,the diffusion degree of the rejuvenator under different temperatures and time process was analyzed,and the diffusion efficiency of the rejuvenator was evaluated from the macro and micro perspective.The regeneration mechanism of the rejuvenator in the aged asphalt was also analyzed using the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR),scanning electron microscope (SEM) and chemical composition tests.The research results showed that the optimum rejuvenator content was about 3%.Higher temperature and longer time were beneficial to improving the permeability and diffusion of the rejuvenator.During the aging process,the light components were reduced,and more macromolecular asphaltenes were generated as well as a large number of carbonyl and sulfoxide.After diffusion and regeneration,the light components in the asphalt were supplemented,the wrinkles and gullies of the aged asphalt were almost improved to the surface state of the matrix asphalt.     

植物油再生沥青的性能研究

为了解决矿物油再生技术再生率低、成本高等诸多问题,采用处理过的“地沟油”代替矿物油制备植物油基再生剂对老化沥青进行再生,并通过试验测试了老化沥青再生前后各项性能指标,确定了植物油沥青再生剂的最佳掺量,为再生沥青路面材料设计提供依据。性能试验结果表明：植物油基再生剂不仅可以有效降低老化沥青的黏度,也有利于改善沥青的低温性能,同时有效解决“地沟油”科学利用问题,并显著降低废旧沥青再生成本。     

Effect of rejuvenators on performance and microstructure of aged asphalt

A composite rejuvenator was used for the rejuvenation of aged asphalt in comparison with the common rejuvenator. The effects of the rejuvenators on the performance and microstructure of the aged asphalt were investigated by physical properties tests, dynamic shear rheometer and atomic force microscopy. The results indicate that the physical and rheological properties of the aged asphalt are restored more significantly by the composite rejuvenator than the common rejuvenator, which can be ascribed to the effective recovery of microstmcture of the aged asphalt. The composite rejuvenator has the potential to be used for the rejuvenation of severely aged asphalt since it can restore the colloidal structure of the aged asphalt effectively through composition regulation and chemical reactions between the composite rejuvenator and asphaltenes.     

再生剂对再生沥青感温性的影响

通过3种再生剂对老化沥青进行再生实验,用针入度指数和粘温指数对再生沥青感温性进行评价并讨论再生剂的影响规律。实验结果表明,再生沥青在低温和中高温区的感温性均好于原料沥青,其中再生剂C再生的再生沥青感温性较好;3种再生剂对再生沥青中温区的感温性影响无明显规律,再生剂增加了老化沥青的感温性;再生剂A对再生沥青的高温区感温性有所降低,而再生剂B和C则略有增加。结合再生剂组分分析数据得出饱和分能降低沥青的高温区感温性,而芳香分则增加沥青的高温区感温性。     

微观尺度下生物再生剂?沥青的融合扩散特性

运用分子动力学方法构建生物再生剂?沥青模型,通过微观模拟探究再生剂?沥青的融合扩散行为. 首先采用FTIR试验结合SARA模型确定老化前后的12种沥青分子结构,选用动物废弃物生物再生剂的主要成分类固醇和羧酸,建立沥青?再生剂的扩散体系分子动力学模型. 采用密度、相容性指标验证分子动力学模型的可靠性,分析不同温度、老化状态下生物再生剂在基质沥青与老化沥青中的融合扩散行为. 结果表明:生物再生剂在老化沥青中的扩散系数高于在基质沥青中的扩散系数;在相同温度下类固醇的扩散性能优于羧酸;两种生物再生剂的扩散系数随着温度升高而升高,高温条件下体系动能更大,使体系分子更容易摆脱分子力的约束.     

老化沥青与再生剂混合相行为

采用修正的Flory-Huggins方程计算老化沥青和再生剂的混合自由能并探讨它们之间的相行为。3 种老化沥青的溶解度参数值和芳碳率均比相应的原料沥青高。再生剂R1 与加德士老化沥青在25 ℃时的混合自由 能ΔGM >0,再生剂R1 与加德士老化沥青的混合过程为非自发过程,因此它们之间不能形成均相体系。3种老化沥 青与R2、R3 和复合再生剂在25℃的混合自由能ΔGM <0,混合过程为自发过程,因此老化沥青与R2、R3 和复合再 生剂能形成均相体系。     

Preparation and Anti-ultraviolet Aging Performance of Organic Layered Double Hydroxides/Bitumen Composites

Layered double hydroxides(LDHs) with the physical property of high ultraviolet(UV)reflectance were used to enhance the anti-UV aging performance of bitumen. In view of the poor compatibility of LDHs with bitumen, three organic anions, namely, sodium dodecyl benzenesulfonate(SDBS), sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS) and sodium dodecyl sulfonate(SDSO), were used as modifiers to prepare organic LDHs(OCLDHs) through regeneration process, and the crystal structure, chemical composition, morphological feature and UV shielding capability of synthesized OCLDHs were analyzed. Then the OCLDHs were added into bitumen to evaluate the storage stability and anti-UV aging property of OCLDHs/bitumen composites.The results show that the organic anions are inserted into the interlayers of LDHs, the intercalation expands the interlayer distance of LDHs, makes the particle shapes become more irregular and complicated, and enhances the absorption ability within the range from 200 to 300 nm while has little influence on the UV reflection ability.Result of high temperature storage stability indicates the organic modification ameliorates the compatibility of LDHs with bitumen. Compared with LDHs, OCLDHs decrease the deteriorations of bitumen's properties during UV exposure test, exhibiting better effect in enhancing anti-UV aging performance of bitumen. Furthermore,among the three OCLDHs, LDHs intercalated by SDBS exhibit the most effective improvement due to the best compatibility with bitumen and comparatively good UV shielding effect.     

SBS改性沥青在生产贮存过程中软化点变化的研究

试验分析了SBS改性沥青的软化点会随着混合过程的变化而出现复杂的变化,表明生产过程中发育时间在7小时前软化点变化剧烈,而在7小时后趋于稳定。在高温、较高温存贮试验表明,软化点会随着存贮时间的增加明显下降。     

Preparation and Characterization of Lignosulfonate Intercalated Layered Double Hydroxides and Their Application in Improving Ultraviolet Aging Resistance for Bitumen

In order to develop economically anti-ultraviolet(UV) aging additives to bitumen and extend the comprehensive utilization of lignin materials, lignosulfonate(LS) was selected to intercalate into layered double hydroxides(LDHs), then the LS intercalated LDHs(LS-LDHs) were applied to improve UV aging resistance of bitumen. With the characterization of X-ray diffraction(XRD), Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) spectroscopy, chemical analysis and scanning electron microscopy(SEM), LS was successfully intercalated into the galleries of LDHs. The ultraviolet and visible(UV-vis) absorbance curves showed LS-LDHs had excellent UV absorptive ability from 200 to 400 nm. Thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry(TG-DSC) indicated LS-LDHs could have a good thermal stability during the processing of bitumen. Compared with the LDHs, the LS-LDHs exhibited better performance in UV aging resistance of bitumen.     

精细胶粉改性石油沥青材料

研究了精细胶粉改性沥青的主要性能实验表明,胶粉与沥青有良好的混合性,胶粉改性沥青的低温性能,软化比基质沥青有很大的改善,达到聚合物改性渐青的技术指标,胶粉含量、添加剂及含量产粉改性沥青的性能有大的影响。     

SBS对基质沥青低温性能改善效果研究

通常认为SBS可以同时改善基质沥青的高、低温性能.以三种常用的国产沥青和一种进口沥青作为基质沥青,采用四种不同的SBS对其进行改性,分别制得成品SBS改性沥青.运用SHRP试验方法中的弯曲梁流变仪(BBR)分别对制得的这些SBS改性沥青的RTFO/PAV残留物的流变特性进行了试验研究.结果表明,用物理意义上的共存共混方法制备得到的SBS改性沥青,其低温等级基本保持在基质沥青的低温等级上,即从流变学的意义上来说,SBS对基质沥青低温抗裂性能的改善效果仍值得探讨.     

再生SBS改性沥青混合料再度老化性能的研究

主要研究再生SBS改性沥青混合料的抗老化性能.对沥青进行24 h、48 h TFOT老化,分别模拟沥青的中度和重度老化,然后将老化沥青再生,对再生沥青拌制的混合料及新鲜沥青混合料进行室内短期与长期老化,并对老化后的沥青混合料进行性能试验与对比评价,分析了再生沥青混合料的抗老化性能及其老化规律,评价再生沥青混合料的耐久性.     

Preparation of A New Type of Stress-absorbed Material

Neoprene latex modified emulsified bitumen and fine aggregate are used to prepare a new type ofstress-absorbed material, which has strong ability of anti-reflective cracking on asphalt concrete over layer-con-stracted upon a semi-rigid type base course or cement concrete pavemeat black. Experimental results demonstrate the stress-absorbed material have excellent mecharucal properties inchuding a low modulus of elasticity high ultimate tensile stress and strain.and a strong distortion ability.stress concentration in asphalt over layer originated by temperature changes and traffic loads can be alleviated.     

How to Make Capsules Containing Rejuvenators for Their Use in Asphalt Concrete

Rejuvenators are products designed to restore original properties to oxidized asphalt binders by restoring the original ratio of asphaltenes to maltenes. But,for a rejuvenator to be successful,it must penetrate the pavement surface. Besides,application of a rejuvenator will also reduce the skid resistance of the pavement. To solve this,these rejuvenators can be encapsulated and mixed in asphalt concrete. Once the stress in the capsules reaches a certain threshold,the particles break and the rejuvenator is released,giving back the original properties of the pavement. The objective of this paper is to show how these capsules behave and define the most appropriate testing methods to find their effect on asphalt concrete. For this,two different types of rejuvenators will be encapsulated and their effect on the properties of the capsules investigated. Besides,the release mechanisms of the capsules will be unravelled.     

A Nanoindentation Study on the Rheological Behaviour of Bituminous Binders

This paper reports the nanoindentation results of three bituminous binders,C-Fix,and standard penetration grade 40/60 bitumen and organo-montmorillonite (OMt) modified bitumen. Under a load applied by the Berkovich diamond indenter,a loading and unloading history was recorded and the load-displacement curve was analyzed as a function of time. The software can directly give an output value of the modulus for C-Fix. However the result was dependent on the loading history. Due to increasing viscoelastic behaviour,the output value of the modulus for base bitumen was always negative,even with a very short unloading time. In conclusion,the modulus calculated by the software was not suitable for the bituminous binders due to their time-dependence. The nanoindentation curve during the loading phase of bitumen could be described by the adopted creep model. The results indicated that the OMt modified bitumen showed a high creep resistance than the base bitumen due to the OMt's reinforcement.     

环境温度对沥青混合料高温稳定性的影响

分别对基质沥青和改性沥青不同温度下的车辙试验结果进行分析,分析结果表明：环境温度对沥青混合料的高温稳定性有显著影响,特别是当路面温度达到沥青软化点附近时,沥青混合料的动稳定度将出现大幅度下降。因此,软化点是工程中选用沥青的重要指标;同时提高沥青软化点或降低沥青路面温度是提高沥青路面抗车辙性能的有效途径。     

以煤为原料制备脱硫剂——脱附再生性能的研究

研究了以大同烟煤为原料制取的脱硫剂的再生性能。结果表明,这种脱硫剂的再生性能稳定,经5次重复再生试验,对SO_2的吸附量基本恒定。在常温吸附时,最佳脱附温度范围为120～140℃,用变温流程试验表明,在重复吸附—脱附过程中,从吸附柱排出的尾气内含SO_2浓度值可达35％。     

Effect of Organosilicon Coating Containing Light Stabilizer on UV Aging Resistance of Bitumen

Effects of organosilicon coating with light stabilizer UV326,UV531 and 770 on ultraviolet (UV) aging resistance of bitumen were investigated by testing the viscosity,softening point and the changes of chemical component before and after UV aging. The results show that UV aging resistance of bitumen is improved due to the good weatherability of organosilicon. And the UV aging resistance of bitumen is further enhanced by adding light stabilizer into organosilicon coating due to the good UV absorption of light stabilizers. Bitumen coated with organosilicon coating containing UV326 exhibits better UV aging resistance in comparison with bitumen coated with organosilicon containing UV531 or 770.     

废旧轮胎橡胶改性沥青混合料路用性能的室内试验

目的为解决废旧橡胶轮胎作为筑路材料的改性剂，合理地应用于公路建设中所面临的技术难点问题．方法采用美国SHRP计划对沥青混合料路用性能研究的基本原理．评价了3种不同剂量的废旧橡胶轮胎粉（CR5、CR10、CR15）作为改性剂对基质沥青shell100基本物理性能和动态流变性能的影响，分析改性沥青作为常规沥青混合料AC16的结合料对其水稳定性、高温稳定性和低温稳定性的影响．结果CR10改性沥青比shell100、CR5和CR15表现了更优的温度敏感性、抗变形能力和弹性恢复能力；CR10改性沥青混合料比shell100、CR5和CR15沥青混合料表现了更好的水稳定性、高温稳定性和低温稳定性．结论废旧橡胶粉改性荆的使用剂量对于沥青混合料路用性能的发挥有着很大的影响；以流变学推导的橡胶改性沥青的车辙因子与其改性沥青混合料的高温抗车辙能力具有很强的相关性．为废旧橡胶轮胎用于公路建设的再生利用，提供了一定的技术支持和保障．