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1.
高精度制冷工质PVT实验系统研制   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
研制了一套高精度制冷工质PVT(温度 体积 压力)实验系统,该系统由自行开发的测控软件进行计算机实时测控.通过对系统的误差分析表明,实验系统的温度测量不确定度小于±6 mK,压力测量不确定度小于±1.3 kPa.实验本体的体积用氦作了标定.利用本实验系统,对293.15~323.15 K的HCFC22气体进行了定容式PVT实验研究,结果表明,HCFC22的密度测量值与美国国家标准与技术研究院(NIST)提供值的平均偏差小于±0.064%,最大偏差小于±0.356%.整个系统自动化程度高,控温精确稳定.  相似文献   

2.
针对拟谱方法在极坐标下遇到的坐标奇异以及压力边界条件难处理等问题,提出了一种新的基于极坐标系下的拟谱方法.该方法在一致网格上直接求解非定常原始变量形式的N-S方程,采用算子分裂法来解耦速度和压力,在径向采用Chebyshev-Radau配置点,在角方向采用标准的Fourier配置点.同时对压力的谱导数矩阵进行了变换,使边界上的压力点不出现在计算方程中.把该方法应用于圆截面的曲线管道的层流流动中,数值实验结果表明,该方法成功解决了极坐标系中的坐标奇异问题;对压力谱导数矩阵的变换,避免了对压力提非物理的边界条件,保证了解的精度,同时也消除了虚假压力模式  相似文献   

3.
介绍了自主研发的一套用于评价人体外周神经纤维功能的振动觉阈值定量检测系统.该系统的设计以神经生物学原理和实验心理学理论为基础.阈值由渐增渐减转换规则和强迫选择法两者联合得到,并用心理物理学统计算法过滤人体主观感受的影响.该系统具有医生病人双盲的自动检测功能,也兼具医生干预.用该振动觉阈值检测系统进行两组不同的对比实验,分析结果表明,该系统具有良好的重复性、可靠性和精确性.  相似文献   

4.
针对在8/16位低速处理器上实现传输控制协议(Transfer Control Protocol TCP)过于复杂的问题,通过对TCP协议进行简化,减轻了微处理器的运算负担,降低了对系统存储空间的要求,使得TCP协议能够在8/16位低速处理器上实现.嵌入式网络中大量使用长度很小的数据帧,使得网络带宽利用率极低,为此在协议中应用了Nagle算法,减少了协议所需带宽,提高了协议的吞吐率.采用NS-2(Network Simulator-2)进行的仿真结果表明:该方案是有效的,现已经在普通8位处理器上实现,并通过了在多种宽带网络上进行的测试,在网络电能表中得到了实际应用.  相似文献   

5.
牛初乳中提取乳铁蛋白工艺的研究   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
从牛初乳中分离提取乳铁蛋白,建立快速分离纯化乳铁蛋白的工艺.选择弱酸性阳离子交换剂CM SEPHAROSE FAST FLOW装柱,脱脂牛初乳在4 ℃下进行动态吸附上柱后进行阶跃洗脱.通过对洗脱条件的比较优化,确定了分离提取乳铁蛋白的最佳工艺条件为:牛初乳料液pH 6.6,上柱速度300 mL/h,阶跃洗脱剂的体积分数分别为1.5%和5.0%的NaCl,洗脱体积流速200 mL/h.乳铁蛋白洗脱液经过超滤和冷冻干燥,得到冻干粉纯度可达98.98%,得率为29.0%.  相似文献   

6.
磁悬浮列车用直线电机的有限元分析和电感计算   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
为研究磁悬浮列车长定子直线电机的性能,以德国TR08型磁悬浮列车长定子直线同步电机尺寸为基础,基于有限元方法建立了一个悬浮电磁铁模块的分析模型,对其牵引和悬浮电磁场进行了较为系统的分析,得到了不同动子极距下牵引和悬浮力的变化曲线.重点研究了长定子直线同步电机在分别改变定、动子电流和气隙大小的情况下,以及定动子绕组交直轴电感的变化情况,并通过多项式拟合和傅立叶分解得到了交直轴电感的经验公式.仿真结果表明,定子电流对气隙磁场和电感影响较小,当动子极距为266.5 mm时电机性能较佳,拟合得到的经验公式具有较高的精确度,平均误差小于5%.  相似文献   

7.
基于Landsat影像自身特征的薄云自动探测与去除   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
为有效地去除Landsat云的影响,恢复云区地物信息,基于单景Landsat影像的自身特征,通过利用影像中无云区地物的band1和band3高度相关特性确定晴空线,使用修改的最优化薄云变换算法计算受云影响的像元相对于晴空线的偏离距离(HOT),依据HOT的大小实现云的自动探测.对HOT图像进行阈值分割,将云从薄到厚进行分级;然后利用近红外和短波红外波段对云区和非云区的地物进行自动聚类,并根据云的等级和地物类型将云区可见光影像和对应地物的无云区影像进行匹配,实现薄云的去除.试验结果表明,云的探测快速准确,薄云的去除效果较好  相似文献   

8.
斜加劲梁柱节点翘曲传递分析   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
对梁和柱内的翘曲位移及其双力矩通过斜加劲的梁柱节点的传递提出了新的数学分析模型.新模型除了节点区内梁柱翼缘在自身平面内的弯曲变形和扭转变形外,还考虑了斜加劲肋在自身平面内的弯曲变形和扭转变形、节点区腹板对斜加劲肋扭转变形的约束,得到了节点域双力矩的计算公式.算例表明,提出的模型与板壳有限元方法结果符合非常好,而传统的梁柱翘曲连续的处理方法与板壳有限元方法结果有较大的误差.该方法可以简单地通过修改传统的薄壁杆件单元刚度矩阵来实现,并可以解决薄壁构件框架弯扭线性和非线性分析.  相似文献   

9.
气动发动机台架性能试验研究   总被引:6,自引:4,他引:2  
作为新型动力,气动发动机的功率和气耗率是影响其运用推广的关键因素.为了准确了解气动发动机的功率和气耗率的变化趋势,利用改造的样机进行了台架试验,得到了速度特性曲线和负荷特性曲线.结果表明在进气压力不变时,随转速升高发动机功率线性下降,气耗率升高,在高转速时气耗率恶化;在转速不变的情况下,随着负荷的增加,发动机气耗率下降,进气压力升高.从结果可知气动发动机的特性不同于传统的内燃机,其最佳工作区间在较低转速、较高负荷的区域,此时,其动力性能和经济性能较好.在其推广运用过程中,要根据此特性对配套的零部件进行改造或重新设计.  相似文献   

10.
为了方便地构造真正意义上的光滑封闭参数曲线,以微分流形--圆为封闭参数曲线的定义域,以非均匀B样条为定义域上的基函数,设计了用于构造封闭参数曲线的控制顶点、控制顶点对应的参数值及节点矢量的确定方法和曲线上一点的三维坐标值计算方法;以作均匀有理B样条(NURBS)曲线常用的控制技术如夹直线段、在曲线上形成尖角等检验该算法与NURBS方法的兼容性.实验结果表明,该算法不仅实用可靠,而且比目前造型系统中的NURBS方法简单方便,完全与NURBS造型系统兼容.  相似文献   

11.
为了提高微纳卫星的定姿精度,针对四象限模拟太阳敏感器提出高精度误差补偿方法,设计完整的自动标定流程. 分析四象限硅光电池片光生电流的测量过程,将太阳光入射后的投影关系进行建模,提取主要误差源. 综合考虑各环节,对各路电流测量误差进行单独矫正,对机械加工与安装误差和忽略遮光罩厚度导致误差进行补偿,形成了完备的补偿方法. 实验结果表明,机械加工与安装误差为主要误差源,忽略遮光罩厚度导致误差的影响略大于电流测量误差的影响. 应用该方法在±40°视场范围内补偿前平均精度为3.072°(1σ),补偿后平均精度为0.177°(1σ),现有其他方法标定后精度为0.5°(1σ),提出方法的精度提升了约3倍. 针对标定测试工序,设计全流程自动化标定测试方法,效率明显提高,适合大批量应用.  相似文献   

12.
An optimal measurement pose number searching method was designed to improve the pose selection method. Several optimal robot measurement configurations were added to an initial pre-selected optimal configuration set to establish a new configuration set for robot calibration one by one. The root mean squares (RMS) of the errors of each end-effector poses after being calibrated by these configuration sets were calculated. The optimal number of the configuration set corresponding to the least RMS of pose error was then obtained. Calibration based on those poses selected by this algorithm can get higher end-effector accuracy, meanwhile consumes less time. An optimal pose set including optimal 25 measurement configurations is found during the simulation. Tracking errors after calibration by using these poses are 1.54, 1.61 and 0.86 mm, and better than those before calibration which are 7.79, 7.62 and 8.29 mm, even better than those calibrated by the random method which are 2.22, 2.35 and 1.69 mm in directions X, Y and Z, respectively.  相似文献   

13.
An optimal measurement pose number searching method was designed to improve the pose selection method.Several optimal robot measurement configurations were added to an initial pre-selected optimal configuration set to establish a new configuration set for robot calibration one by one.The root mean squares (RMS) of the errors of each end-effector poses after being calibrated by these configuration sets were calculated.The optimal number of the configuration set corresponding to the least RMS of pose error wa...  相似文献   

14.
为了检验E601蒸发皿法和质量法的适用性及基于环境参数的大棚水果黄瓜的需水量模型,通过田间试验采用时域反射仪(TDR)法、E601蒸发皿法和质量法3种不同的方式测定大棚水果黄瓜需水量,并且同步监测大棚内外的环境参数.对比时域反射仪(TDR)法、E601蒸发皿法和质量法测定的大棚水果黄瓜需水量,以TDR值为准进行精度分析,E601法的中误差为0.91 mm,质量法的中误差为0.94 mm;分析TDR值与同步监测的大棚内温度值的相关性,建立室温需水量模型和地温需水量模型,其中误差分别为0.35 mm、0.71 mm.研究成果对大棚水果黄瓜需水量计算以及灌溉管理和灌溉系统设计有一定的参考作用.  相似文献   

15.
Center of gravity(COG) is an important parameter of projectiles and rockets, for which supporting reaction method(or support reaction method) is an important COG measurement method. Based on this supporting reaction method a novel design method is proposed to determine the key design parameters of the COG measurement system. The method can quantitatively analyze the influence of the design parameters on the COG accuracy, in the measurement system designed with supporting reaction method. Using the principle of static balance, the error propagation theory, and the system accuracy analysis method, the equal-range required sensor precision(RSP) surface and non-equal-range required sensor pair precision(RSPP) adapted surface are adopted. The influence of random errors(like sensor accuracy and distance calibration accuracy) is analyzed. The selection strategy of equal-range and non-equal-range sensors is chosen, and then the recommended calibration accuracy values are obtained. For the quality detection accuracy of ±0.6 kg and the axial COG detection accuracy of ±1.5 mm, the RSP surface is drawn by the proposed method, and the force sensor with ±0.23 kg detection accuracy is selected. The experimental verification meets the accuracy requirements and verifies the effectiveness of the proposed design method for the system parameters of the COG measurement equipment.  相似文献   

16.
为确保雷达系统的测量精度,给出了一种用于标校雷达动态跟踪过程中系统误差的工程实现方法--卫星标校法。该方法通过观测卫星轨迹,将量测值与真实星历值比对,通过最优化解法标定雷达的系统误差。考虑雷达结构特点导致的误差和大气折射误差修正后的残余误差,建立了卫星标校的系统误差模型。最后,采用实测数据验证了该误差模型的可行性与可靠性。该方法在标校过程中不受人为、天气等因素影响,可以适应雷达的动态技术状态。  相似文献   

17.
A practical calibration method is proposed for instantaneous polarization radar systems.The method only needs one measurement by using a metal sphere.The distortions of system and the actual polarization scattering matrix(PSM)of target can be obtained.First,an instantaneous polarization radar system is presented.The system can obtain PSM by a single pulse echo.The dual-polarization antenna can transmit and receive two orthogonal polarization waves.The multilayer micro-strip patch antenna is adopted for this kind of radar system.Second,based on the multi-port network theory,the operation and system errors of instantaneous polarization radar system are analyzed.By making assumption on the cross-talk factors of antenna,distortion matrices of R and Tare derived.Finally,the calibration method based on instantaneous polarization measurement is introduced.Simulation results show the performance of this calibration method.The values of calibrated PSM are in agreement with the actual ones after calibration.  相似文献   

18.
This paper presents a novel step kinematic calibration method for a 3 degree-of-freedom (DOF) planar parallel kinematic machine tool, based on the minimal linear combinations (MLCs) of error parameters. The method using mapping of linear combinations of parameters in error transfer multi-parameters coupling system changes the modeling, identification and error compensation of geometric parameters in the general kinematic calibration into those of linear combinations of parameters. By using the four theorems of the MLCs, the sets of the MLCs that are respectively related to the relative precision and absolute precision are determined. All simple and feasible measurement methods in practice are given, and identification analysis of the set of the MLCs for each measurement is carried out. According to the identification analysis results, a step calibration including step measurement, step identification and step error compensation is determined by taking into account both measurement costs and observability. The experiment shows that the proposed method has the following merits: (1) the parameter errors that cannot influence precision are completely avoided; (2) it reflects the mapping of linear combinations of parameters more accurately and enhances the precision of identification; and (3) the method is robust, efficient and effective, so that the errors in position and orientation are kept at the same order of the measurement noise. Due to these merits, the present method is attractive for the 3-DOF planar parallel kinematic machine tool and can be also applied to other parallel kinematic machine tools with weakly nonlinear kinematics. Supported by the “863” High-Tech Program of China (Grant Nos. 2006AA04Z204 and 2006AA04Z227), National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 50775118 and 50605041), the “973” Basic Research Project of China (Grant Nos. 2006CB705406 and 2007CB714000), and Tsinghua Basic Research Foundation (Grant No. JC200701)  相似文献   

19.
并联机床在标定时所建立的位置参考系与运动参考系不一致产生系统误差,从而影响机床的结构性能。通过改进标定建模方式,将两个参考系统一,并用数值模拟该并联机床的标定过程,对比结果发现,改进后的模型可以完全消除测量时的系统误差对并联机床标定精度的影响。把标定过的模型导入ADAMS进行振动仿真分析,通过对比可以发现标定过模型的各项振动指标明显优于未标定的模型,从而进一步提高并联机床的结构性能。直接提高机械加工精度及安装精度能够提高并联机床的结构参数的精度,但其代价将是极大地增加加工成本,采用运动学标定并联机床的运动学建模的方法则只需要按普通精度要求进行机械加工,这种标定建模方式具有很高的实用价值。  相似文献   

20.
差压式流量计在流量测量领域中广泛使用。采用高精度的标定系统,对差压式流量计进行标定,获得了流量计的流出系数,并采用科学的分析方法,对流出系数进行误差分析,得出了标定结果及实验误差。通过分析结果可以确定,流量计的测量误差符合标准,可用于现场实际测量中。  相似文献   

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