磁场对锰铁氧化物还原特性的影响

在常温常压条件下锰铁氧化物还原、凝固实验的基础上,用稳恒磁场处理锰铁氧化物熔体促进C的还原反应,用ImageJ软件统计锰和铁的相含量面积,得到稳恒磁场能促进锰铁氧化物与碳的还原反应,其反应与锰铁氧化物的质量比有关。     

MnFe_2O_4、UV、H_2O_2协同光催化性能研究

采用MnFe_2O_4作为光催化剂,以1,2,4—酸模拟废水为处理对象,研究MnFe_2O_4、UV、H_2O_2协同进行非均相催化氧化降解废水的效果。H_2O_2、UV、MnFe_2O_4三者单独催化降解的效率较低。当三者协同催化废水时,最佳催化条件为:UV催化时间需100 min,催化剂用量需0.002 g/mL,废水为酸性。在最佳催化条件下,废水降解率提升了20%,且能耗低于传统的Fenton处理方法,返色现象消失。     

基于ICP—MS的滇池水稀土元素定量分析

介绍了电感耦合等离子体质谱（ICP—MS）分析技术的特点,利用ICP—MS测定了滇池草海及外海共10个国控点位水中稀土元素的含量．结果表明,总体上草海各稀土元素浓度均高于外海,位于滇池唯一流出河（海口河）的海口西点位水中各稀土元素浓度较低;La/Yb比值表明滇池湖水中轻稀土元素相对富集．各采样点湖水稀土元素的球粒陨石Chondrite标准化分布模式均呈现Eu正异常,轻稀土元素分布较为一致,重稀土元素分布存在差异．以上地球化学特征对于揭示滇池草海与外海,各点位之间的物质来源及演化、水粒相互作用等具有重要意义．     

用锰铁渣和废碎玻璃制备泡沫玻璃的工艺研究

以锰铁渣和碎玻璃为主要原料,碳粉为发泡剂,硼砂为助熔剂,采用粉体烧结研制出了泡沫玻璃。对泡沫玻璃的表观密度和吸水率进行了测定。研究结果表明,当锰铁矿渣用量在12.5%~20%时,控制好工艺参数,可以制备出表观密度为407 kg/m3的泡沫玻璃。     

用锰铁渣和废碎玻璃制备泡沫玻璃的工艺研究

以锰铁渣和碎玻璃为主要原料,碳粉为发泡剂,硼砂为助熔剂,采用粉体烧结研制出了泡沫玻璃。对泡沫玻璃的表观密度和吸水率进行了测定。研究结果表明,当锰铁矿渣用量在12.5%~20%时,控制好工艺参数,可以制备出表观密度为407 kg/m3的泡沫玻璃。     

Geochemistry of rare earth elements in groundwater from deep seated limestone aquifer in Renlou Coal Mine, Anhui Province, China

Rare earth element (REE) concentrations were measured by ICP-MS for groundwater collected from deep seated Taiyuan Fm limestone aquifer (from-400 to-530 m) in Renlou Coal Mine,northern Anhui Province,China.It can be concluded that the groundwater is warm (34.0-37.2 °C) Cl-Ca,Na type water with circum-neutral pH (7.35-8.28) and high total dissolved solids (TDS,1 746-2 849 mg/L).The groundwater exhibits heavy REEs enrichment relative to light REEs compared with Post Archean Average Shale (PAAS),as well as the...     

煤矿酸性水中稀土元素的分布模式及影响因素

通过对山西省两个不同矿区的酸性矿井水、沉积物、围岩以及煤样中的稀土元素(REE)含量的测定,并结合吸附解吸实验和地球化学模拟软件(PHREEQC),研究了酸性矿井水中REE的分布模式及其主要的影响因素.研究表明:1)酸性矿井水中REE的含量很高,且呈典型的中稀土元素(MREE)富集模式分布;2)酸性水中的REE主要来源于围岩和黄铁矿的酸淋滤,而煤中REE的丰度相对较低;3)pH是影响酸性矿井水中REE含量及其分布模式最重要的因素;4)随着酸性矿井水pH的升高,Mn的氢氧化物沉淀对REE的含量影响最大,并且含铁沉积物优先吸附重稀土元素和中稀土元素;5)酸性矿井水中的REEs主要络合种类为REE(SO4)+(52.8%～79.4%),其次为REE(SO4)2-和REE3+.     

Prediction of yttrium, lanthanum, cerium, and neodymium leaching recovery from apatite concentrate using artificial neural networks

The assay and recovery of rare earth elements （REEs） in the leaching process is being determined using expensive analytical methods： inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy （ICP-AES） and inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy （ICP-MS）. A neural network model to predict the effects of operational variables on the lanthanum, cerium, yttrium, and neodymium recovery in the leaching of apatite concentrate is presented in this article. The effects of leaching time （10 to 40 min）, pulp densities （30% to 50%）, acid concentrations （20% to 60%）, and agitation rates （100 to 200 r/min）, were investigated and optimized on the recovery of REEs in the laboratory at a leaching temperature of 60℃. The obtained data in the laboratory optimization process were used for training and testing the neural network. The feed-forward artificial neural network with a 4-5-5-1 arrangement was capable of estimating the leaching recovery of REEs. The neural network predicted values were in good agreement with the experimental results. The correlations of R=l in training stages, and R=0.971, 0.952, 0.985, and 0.98 in testing stages were a result of Ce, Nd, La, and Y recovery prediction respectively, and these values were usually acceptable. It was shown that the proposed neural network model accurately reproduced all the effects of the operation variables, and could be used in the simulation of a leaching plant for REEs.     

Ga1-xAlxAs-GaAs-Ga1-yAlyAs超晶格势阱中类氢杂质基态的束缚能

介绍刘振鹏提出的关于有限深势阱类氢杂质态的三维薛定谔方程化为利于计算机求数值解的一维薛定谔方程的基本思想,并应用该方法计算了Ｇａ１－ｘＡｌｘＡｓ－ＧａＡｓ－Ｇａ１－ｙＡｌｙＡｓ超晶格类氢杂质态的基态束缚能,给出了ｘ＝０．３,ｙ＝０．６,及ｘ＝０．６,ｙ＝０．３时,杂质在不同位置的基态束缚能结果。该结果比Ｔａｎａｋａ的结果精确。     

REE characteristics and genesis of alkaline-rich porphyry, Yunnan Province

ＹｕｎｎａｎＨｉｍａｌａｙａｎａｌｋａｌｉｎｅ ｒｉｃｈｐｏｒｐｈｙｒｙｉｓａｐａｒｔｏｆｔｈｅＡｉｌａｏｓｈａｎ Ｊｉｎｓｈａｊｉａｎｇａｌｋａｌｉｎｅ ｒｉｃｈｉｎｔｒｕｓｉｖｅｒｏｃｋｂｅｌｔａｆｆｉｒｍｅｄｂｙＴｕＧｕａｎｇｃｈｉ[1] .ＩｔｉｓａｃｏｍｐｏｕｎｄｒｏｃｋｂｅｌｔｆｏｒｉｔｓｍｏｓｔｒｏｃｋｓｂｅｌｏｎｇｔｏａｌｋａｌｉｎｅｒｏｃｋｏｒａｌｋａｌｉｎｅｇｒａｎｉｔｅｒｅｆｅｒｒｅｄｔｏｔｈｅｍａｇｍａｔｉｃｓｅｒｉｅｓｏｆＤｉｗａｔｙｐｅ[2 ] ,ａｎｄｔｈｅｒｅａｒｅａｌ ｓｏｓ…     

锰渣掺合料在混凝土中的试验研究

锰渣作为生产锰铁合金的副产物,通常被当作工业废弃物堆积,填埋,所以将其作为混凝土掺合料有效的资源化利用具有重要意义.通过对C20、C40、C50 3个等级混凝土进行不同锰渣掺量的试验,测试其强度变化趋势.试验发现,在C20混凝土中,锰渣掺量可以超过30%,微集料填充作用突出;在C40、C50凝土中,锰渣掺量在20%时,强度均超过基准混凝土.研究表明:锰渣在混凝土中前期主要起到微集料作用,调节混凝土的颗粒级配,可以使混凝土更加密实,孔隙形貌改变;当微小的锰渣颗粒填充到混凝土孔隙中,混凝土便能达到很好堆积效果,减少碱环境,使混凝土达到更好的强度和耐久性能.     

K444铸造镍基高温合金的高温氧化行为

为了研究燃气轮机叶片材料K444铸造镍基高温合金的高温氧化性能,研究了K444铸造镍基高温合金800℃及850℃恒温氧化动力学及氧化机制.采用x射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜及能谱仪分析了K444合金氧化产物、氧化膜形貌及成分.结果表明：在实验条件下K444合金氧化动力学遵循抛物线规律.在高温氧化期间,K444合金表面氧化膜无明显剥落.氧化膜主要由Cr₂O₃组成,含有少量的NiCr₂O₄及TiO₂.氧化膜呈多层结构：外层较薄,膜质疏松,孔隙较多,是以TiO₂为主的不连续氧化物膜层;中间层是以Cr₂O₃为主的连续致密保护性氧化物膜层,其中含有少量的NiCr₂O₄及TiO₂;内氧化层以Al₂O₃为主.     

Ga1-xAlxAs-GaAs-Ga1-yAlyAs超晶格势阱 中类氢杂质基态的束缚能

The basic thought is introduced which is proposed by Liu Zhenpeng on the method of a one-dimensionalization of the schr dinger equati on for a hydrogenic impurity in a finite quantum well using the variational prin ciple, the ground-state energies of hydrogenic imurity in potential well consiti ng of Ga_1-xAl_xAs-GaAs-Ga_1-yAl_yAs structure is ca lculated when the impurity is at different positions by using this method. In ca lculations, the values x=0.3, y=0.6 and x=0.6, y=0.3 is adopted.     

Application of phosphate-containing materials affects bioavailability of rare earth elements and bacterial community in soils

The exploitation and smelting of rare earths can cause serious pollution to the farmland around the mining area. The rare earth elements(REEs) are absorbed by crops and enter the human body through the food chain, which threatens people's health. The effects of four phosphorus-containing materials-calcium superphosphate(SSP), phosphate rock(PR), calcium magnesium phosphate(CMP) and bone charcoal(BC) on rice growth and bacterial community structure in REE mining area of Xinfeng County were studied by pot experiment. The soil solution was collected during rice transplanting and harvest periods respectively, the rice and soil samples were collected and sequenced. The concentrations of water-soluble REEs were measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS), and bacteria in soil was deeply sequenced by the Illumina Miseq sequencing platform. PR, CMP and BC promoted the growth of rice, improved the biomass of rice roots, shoots and grains, and significantly reduced absorption and accumulation of REEs in rice roots, shoots and grains. SSP treatment reduced the pH value of soil, significantly improved the concentration of REE solution in soil and improved biomass of rice roots, shoots and grains,and significantly improved the concentration of REEs in grain. The effects of phosphorus-containing materials on the absorption and accumulation of 15 REEs in rice roots, shoots and grains were very different, and significantly influenced the soil bacterial community. SSP reduced richness and diversity of bacteria. CMP improved the diversity of soil bacteria, but reduced their richness. PR and BC treatment improved the richness and diversity of soil bacteria, and significantly increased the abundance of Bacillus. The results showed that adding PR, CMP and BC to soil in the REE mining area of Xinfeng can improve food security and eco-environmental quality, and hence, are potential restorative materials; SSP is not recommended for use in acidic soils.     

碳热还原法制取碳氮化钛的热力学原理分析

分析碳热还原法制取Ti(C,N)的热力学原理,结果表明,合成过程伴随着相变,当TiO2颗粒和C颗粒均匀混合时,还原反应主要依赖于CO/CO2传质的气固反应,当TiO2颗粒表面被C包膜时,主要是碳和钛氧化物之间的固固反应.升高温度有利于还原进行,钛氧化物的开始还原温度随气相中的CO分压降低而降低,但Ti(C,N)中的C,N含量则取决于温度和N2压力.     

Calculation and Analysis of Mean Opacity of Gold Mixtures

A screened hydrogenic model for 1 splitting （SHML） is used to calculate the Rosseland mean opacities of high-Z Au, Ta, Yb, Ho, C-d, Sm, Nd, Sn, Ag plasmas and mixtures of gold and these elements at high temperature （ T = 200 - 400 eV） and dense （ρ= 1 g/cm^3）. From the calculated Rosseland mean opacities of the mixtures, Au-Nd seems to be a better choice than other mixtures. Simultaneously, the reason that the mean opacities of mixture of Au-Sn decrease slightly when T = 400 eV is analyzed.     

碱性中间包覆盖剂结壳机理分析

通过工业取样,研究了碱性中间包结壳物的成分和微观结构.研究发现,结壳物主要成分为钙铝酸盐、黄长石和少量硅酸二钙,且镁铝尖晶石、硅酸二钙先于铝酸钙析出.当覆盖剂成分位于CaO-S iO2-A l2O3-10%MgO相图尖晶石区域内,冷却过程析出尖晶石趋势增大.应适当引入其他保温材料以提高碱性中间包覆盖剂形成封闭气孔数量,防止凝固结壳的发生.     

Concentration, Distribution, and Occurrence of REEs in Coals from Chongqing, Southwest China

The concentration, distribution, and occurrence of rare earth elements （REEs） in coals as well as stone coals in different geological periods from Chongqing were studied. The results show that the REE content in coals from Chongqing is much higher than that of the ordinary Chinese coals, the Late Paleozoic coals from North China, US coals, and the world coals. Although the concentration of light rare earth elements （LREE） is higher than that of heavy rare earth elements （HREE）, the ratio of LREE to HREE is as low as 5.11. The REE content decreases with the coal-formation periods from old to new. The REE content in the Sinian stone coal is the highest, but it is the lowest in Early Jurassic coals. The similar REE contents in bituminous coals and anthracite show that the metamorphism has a little influence on REE content in coal. In addition, silicate association dominates the occurrence mode of REEs in coals from Chongqing.     

聚合物反胶团萃取氨基酸的研究

利用德国BASF公司生产的Pluronic型和PluronicR型两类嵌段聚合物制备聚合反应胶团萃取氨基酸（L－苯丙氨酸和L－异亮氨酸）， 聚合物反胶团对氨基酸的萃取平衡特性，实验表明，聚合物反胶团对氨基酸的萃取平衡时间与纯有机溶剂的物理萃取相比差别很小，溶质在反胶团外壳部分与其内部水池间的平衡分配系数K都普遍较大，另外，当氨基酸水溶液的PH值接近等电点时，反胶团萃取达到最佳效果。通过理论分析得到如下推断，聚合物反胶团对两亲性氨基酸的增溶主要在基外壳部分，很可能是包裹在聚氧丙烯外壳内或缠绕在聚氧丙烯链之间，亲油作用和氢键作用是聚合物反胶团萃取的主要推动力。     

Optimization methods of cutting depth in mining Co-rich crusts

For optimizing the cutting depth of spiral drum type cutting head,the relations among collecting ratio,interfusing ratio of mullock and cutting depth of the mining cobalt-rich crusts in ocean were discussed.Furthermore,the multi-extremum problem about cutting depth was analyzed in mining at a certain interfusing ratio of mullock.Through introducing genetic algorithm(GA),the cutting depth-control problem when the collecting ratio is maximized by controlling the interfusing ratio of mullock was solved with global-optimization-search algorithms.Then optimization theory for cutting depth in mining cobalt-rich crusts by GA,and computer programming were given to realize the algorithm.The computation result of actual data proves the validity of this method.