纳米SiO2增强尼龙摩擦学性能的影响因素研究

使用MM-200磨损实验机在干摩擦条件下研究了偶副表面粗糙度对质量分数为10%的纳米SiO2增强尼龙1010复合材料与45号钢对磨时摩擦学性能的影响,并利用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜对纳米SiO2-PA1010复合材料的转移膜和磨损机理进行了观察和分析.结果表明,随着偶副表面粗糙度的增加,纳米SiO2-PA1010复合材料的摩擦系数和磨损量均呈先下降达到一个最低值后又上升的趋势.说明存在一个最佳表面粗糙度,使材料的磨损最小.本实验中这个最佳粗糙度为Ra＝0.22μm.     

微米氧化铝/尼龙复合材料煤泥润滑条件下滚滑摩擦磨损行为

使用微米氧化铝(Al2O3)为增强剂,以尼龙1010为基体,进行氧化铝/尼龙复合材料在煤泥润滑条件下的滚滑动摩擦磨损实验.通过实验发现,水能降低氧化铝/尼龙复合材料的摩擦系数,但增大了磨损量.煤泥润滑时尼龙1010材料的摩擦系数为0.096;氧化铝/尼龙复合材料的平均摩擦系数为0.089,只有纯尼龙的92.7%.尼龙磨损量是3.32mm3;Al2O3/尼龙复合材料的磨损量平均为15.73mm3;Al2O3/尼龙复合材料的平均磨损量平均是尼龙的4.74倍.     

载荷对氧化锌晶须增强尼龙摩擦磨损的影响

采用热压成型方法制备了不同质量分数氧化锌晶须(ZnOw)尼龙1010(PA1010)复合材料,对复合材料的力学性能和摩擦学性能进行了试验研究,分析了复合材料的磨损机理.结果表明,填充ZnOW可以增加尼龙的压缩强度和弹性模量;提高并稳定尼龙复合材料的摩擦系数,增强复合材料的抗磨损性能.纯尼龙随着载荷的增大摩擦系数急剧降低,磨损率上升,而复合材料的摩擦系数和磨损率受载荷的影响较小.当ZnOw质量分数达到15%时,复合材料的摩擦系数最高,磨损率最低.纯尼龙的磨损随着正压力的增加由磨粒磨损和轻微黏着磨损转变为热破坏.ZnOw/PA复合材料随着ZnOw质量分数的增加,磨损由黏着磨损,转变为犁沟、疲劳断裂和转移膜的反向转移.     

玻璃粉/尼龙1010复合材料摩擦学性能研究

将玻璃粉碎成微米级颗粒，作为增强材料，用硅烷偶联剂KH-550对玻璃粉进行表面处理，充填尼龙1010．制备了玻璃粉／尼龙1010复合材料，在环一块磨损试验机上研究了复合材料的摩擦学性能，使用邵氏硬度计测量了复合材料的硬度．借助SEM进行摩擦表面分析．试验结果表明：玻璃粉充填尼龙1010能降低复合材料的摩擦系数，础（玻璃粉）为25％时摩擦系数最小；w（玻璃粉）为20％时，磨损率仅为尼龙的18％．玻璃粉在一定含量的范围内能提高复合材料硬度．     

纳米SiO2填充尼龙PA10101的摩擦磨损性能实验研究

用纳米SiO2填充PAl010制备了尼龙复合材料，并用MM—200磨损试验机对尼龙复合材料与45钢在干摩擦条件下的摩擦磨损实验进行了实验．研究表明，纳米SiO2填充PAl010大幅度提高了尼龙复合材料的耐磨性，降低了摩擦系数。纳米SiO2填充量在10％左右时，尼龙复合材料达到最低摩擦系数O.32和最低磨损量O．2mg，磨损量比纯PAl010降低了60多倍，摩擦系数降低了1倍．对纳米Si02填充尼龙的磨损机理研究发现，纳米Si02填充尼龙复合材料的磨损机理受滑动速度和接触载荷影响比较大。当摩擦副PV值小于60Nm／s时，尼龙复合材料的磨损机理主要是切削和粘着磨损。当摩擦副PV值大于60Nm／s时，磨损机理转变为疲劳剥层或熔融流变，导致磨损量急剧增长。     

纳米SiO2填充尼龙PA1010的摩擦磨损性能实验研究

用纳米 Si O2 填充 PA1 0 1 0制备了尼龙复合材料 ,并用 MM- 2 0 0磨损试验机对尼龙复合材料与 45钢在干摩擦条件下的摩擦磨损实验进行了实验 .研究表明 ,纳米 Si O2 填充 PA1 0 1 0大幅度提高了尼龙复合材料的耐磨性 ,降低了摩擦系数 .纳米 Si O2 填充量在 1 0 %左右时 ,尼龙复合材料达到最低摩擦系数 0 .32和最低磨损量 0 .2 mg,磨损量比纯 PA1 0 1 0降低了 60多倍 ,摩擦系数降低了 1倍 .对纳米 Si O2 填充尼龙的磨损机理研究发现 ,纳米 Si O2 填充尼龙复合材料的磨损机理受滑动速度和接触载荷影响比较大 .当摩擦副 PV值小于 60 Nm/ s时 ,尼龙复合材料的磨损机理主要是切削和粘着磨损 .当摩擦副 PV值大于 60 Nm/ s时 ,磨损机理转变为疲劳剥层或熔融流变 ,导致磨损量急剧增长 .     

CuO、Al2O3、Fe3O4颗粒增强尼龙复合材料滚动摩擦行为研究

以注塑方式制备了CuO、Al2O3、Fe3O4颗粒增强尼龙复合材料,考察了材料的滚动摩擦行为.结果表明干摩擦、水润滑及煤泥润滑条件下三种复合材料的临界滚动摩擦系数均小于纯尼龙,但撒砂状态下Fe3O4/PA1010及Al2O3/PA1010的摩擦系数高于纯尼龙;临界滚动摩擦系数从大到小的工况顺序为撒砂、干摩擦、煤泥润滑及水润滑;聚合物在干摩擦、煤泥润滑时表现为磨料磨损,水润滑时表面发生塑性流动,撒砂状态下发生强烈的三体磨粒磨损.     

聚四氟乙烯填充PA1010的摩擦磨损性能研究

以注塑成型法制备了聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)填充PA1010复合材料,利用M-2000磨损试验机测试了该复合材料与GCr15轴承钢对摩时的摩擦磨损性能,并用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察了试样磨损表面形貌.结果表明:PTFE填充PA1010可显著改善尼龙复合材料的摩擦磨损性能.w(PTFE)为25%时,复合材料的摩擦学综合性能最佳.复合材料的摩擦系数和磨损体积随施加载荷、滑动速度的增加分别呈现降低和增加的趋势.在200 N载荷下,复合材料磨损主要为磨粒磨损;在400 N载荷下,磨损表现为黏着磨损和磨粒磨损共同作用.在滑动速度为0.21 m/s时,材料摩擦表面因挤压发生塑性流变,其磨损机理为磨粒磨损;在滑动速度为0.84 m/s,复合材料因热疲劳和应力疲劳发生剥层,磨损机理转变为疲劳剥层磨损.     

SEBS-g-MA橡胶颗粒及有机纳米黏土增强尼龙66复合材料的摩擦磨损性能

采用M-200环-块接触型磨损实验机,分别考察了尼龙66(PA66)和SEBS-g-MA橡胶颗粒或有机纳米黏土或两者增强尼龙66在干摩擦及水润滑条件下的摩擦学性能,利用扫描电子显微镜和差示扫描量热仪对材料的磨损表面和碎片进行了观察与分析。结果表明,干摩擦条件下,PA 66+(SEBS-g-MA+organoclay)纳米复合材料的摩擦系数和磨损质量最低;当摩擦表面的温度在玻璃化转变温度T_g附近时,试样整体由于软化或者熔融而发生粘着磨损。     

硅灰石增强铸型尼龙复合材料摩擦学行为研究

为了改善铸型(MC)尼龙的摩擦学性能,提出了一种硅灰石表面接枝MC尼龙的表面处理方法,并制备了表面接枝MC尼龙的硅灰石填充MC尼龙复合材料,测试了其力学和摩擦学性能.结果表明:表面接枝MC尼龙硅灰石填充MC尼龙与尼龙基体具有良好的结合界面,复合材料的硬度和拉伸强度分别提高了31%和26%,复合材料的拉伸断裂伸长率下降了68%.干摩擦条件下,MC尼龙复合材料的摩擦因数随硅灰石含量的增加而升高,5%质量分数硅灰石填充MC尼龙复合材料的摩擦因数达到0.5;水润滑条件下,硅灰石对MC尼龙摩擦因数影响较小,3种材料的摩擦因数均为0.18;2种试验条件下,填充硅灰石复合材料的磨损率显著降低,耐磨性能较纯MC尼龙分别提高了5倍和2倍.MC尼龙复合材料的磨损主要为磨粒和黏着磨损.     

Tribological behavior of MC Nylon6 composites filled with glass fiber and fly ash

To improve tribological property of MC Nylon6,the glass fiber and fly ash reinforced monomer casting nylon composites(GFFAPA)were prepared by anionic polymerization of ε-caprolactam.The friction and wear behaviors of composites under dry condition,water lubrication and oil lubrication were investigated through a ring-black wear tester.Worn surfaces were analyzed using a scanning electron microscope.The experimental results show that the tensile strength and hardness of nylon composites are obviously improved with reinforcement increasing.Compared to MC nylon,the lowest friction coefficient and wear rate of glass fiber reinforced nylon composites(GFPA)with GF30% respectively decrease by 33.1% and 65.3%,of fly ash reinforced nylon composites(FAPA)with FA20% decrease by 5.2% and 68.9% and of GFFAPA composites with GF30% and FA10% decrease by 57.8% and 89.9%.The main wear mechanisms of FAPA composites are adhesive and abrasive wear and of GFPA composites with high proportion are abrasive and fatigue wear.The worn surfaces of GFFAPA composites are much multiplex and the optional distributing glass fiber and fly ash have a synergetic effect on the wear resistance for GFFAPA composites.Compared with dry friction,the friction coefficient and wear rate under oil lubricated conditions decrease sharply while the latter reversely increase under water lubricated conditions.The wear mechanisms under water lubricated condition are principally chemical corrosion wear and abrasive wear and they become boundary friction under oil lubricated condition.     

填料特性对尼龙摩擦学性能的影响及作用机理

在尼龙１０１０（ＰＡ１０１０）中分别添加颗粒状、层状、纤维状填料,制备出系尼龙基复合材料,利用环块磨损实验机研究了填料的形态,性质对尼龙基复合材料干摩擦条件下摩擦学性能的影响。结果表明,当填料的质量分数为３０％时,玻璃纤维、高岭土、铝粉、二氧化硅以及氧化铜均能改善ＰＡ１０１０的摩擦学性能,其中以玻璃纤维（ＧＦ）最为显著,层状结构的高岭土也有较好的效果,其他３种各向同性填料的改性效果差别较小,利用高倍显微镜对尼龙及其复合材料的转移行为,磨损机理以及填料减磨机理进行了研究,分析表明,填料的加匀不同程度的促进了复合材料向对介副表面的转移、改善了材料的摩擦学性能,而各种填料的减磨机理也不一样,尼龙基复合材料的磨损形式以粘着磨损,疲劳磨损为主,此外还有磨粒磨损,在给定实验条件下,ＰＡ１０１０复合材料含有质量分数为３０％的     

纳米填料增强UHMWPE–橡胶水润滑摩擦学性能

为了研究水润滑条件下试验载荷和速度对纳米填料（Nano-SiC）改性超高分子量聚乙烯（UHMWPE）/橡胶复合材料摩擦学性能的影响,通过高温混炼、热压成型制备Nano-SiC辅以聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）填充改性UHMWPE/橡胶复合材料。采用MRH-3型环-块摩擦实验机探究四种不同载荷条件下改性复合材料的摩擦磨损性能,采用光学显微镜（OM）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和非接触光学三维轮廓仪对试样微观磨损表面形貌分析,从微观层面探究改性复合材料的摩擦机理。试验结果表明：在定载变速条件下,速度由0.02m/s升到3.59m/s时,改性复合材料的动摩擦系数波动幅度与静摩擦系数均呈现大幅下降趋势,粘-滑现象（Stick-Slip Phenomenon）减弱,摩擦系数波动归于平稳;试验载荷和纳米粒子含量的变化与试样摩擦磨损程度呈负相关,在水润滑条件下,随着纳米粒子含量增加,摩擦系数与磨损率均出现明显降低,填充比例为5%的复合材料摩擦学性能最佳,摩擦系数整体较UHMWPE/橡胶材料降低35%,磨损率降低46.6%,磨损表面形貌也随之发生改变;随着载荷的增加,复合材料的磨损率从1.25×10-6mm3/(Nm)降至0.4×10-6mm3/(Nm)。Nano-SiC的含量与工况载荷压力对摩擦磨损均存在一定影响,即填充适量Nano-SiC的UHMWPE/橡胶复合材料与一定工况压力下的对偶钢环组成的摩擦配副能改善摩擦环境,减轻粘-滑现象,有利于减小材料的磨损。     

Tribological Properties of Polyvinyl Mcohol Hydrogel Reinforced with Nanometer Hydroxy Apatite

As a potential artificial cartilage material,the friction and wear properties of nano-hydroxy apatite(HA)particles filled poly(vinyl alcohol)hydrogel(PVA-H)composites sliding against stainless steel disk under water lubrication condition were studied by using a four ball tester.The worn surfaces were investigated by using a scanning electron microscope(SEM)to determine the wear mechanisms.Experimental results show that filling HA to PVA-H will slightly increase the friction coefficient of composites with the increasing of HA content under water lubrication condition.Meanwhile,HA particles can greatly reduce the wear mass loss of the PVA-H composites and enhance the load carrying capacity,the wear loss of the 1 wt% HA reinforced PVA-H composites can be decreased by 30 percent under 2.0 MPa to 50 percent under 0.5 MPa contact pressure.We also found that 2 wt% HA content of composites increase the wear mass loss under the same condition.SEM examination shows that the worn surface of low HA containing(1 wt%)composites are much smoother than that of pure PVA-H or high HA containing(2 wt%)composites under 1.5 MPa contact pressure.It is also found that there are big hole and big reunited HA particles in the surface of 2 wt% HA containing composites,which leads to deterioration of the surface of samples under higher loads in water lubrication.These results may be useful in the tribological design of artificial articular cartilage material.     

Tribological Properties of Polytetrafluoroethylene Composites Filled with Rare Earths Modified Glass Fibers

1Introduction Polytetrafluoroethyleneisakindofperfectself lubri catingmaterialduetoitsverylowfrictioncoefficient,goodhightemperaturestabilityandchemicalstability.Yetitcannotbeusedasanti wearmaterialalonebecause ofitspoormechanicalproperties,badthermalconductivi tyandhighwearrate.Therefore,variousreinforcement andmodificationofPTFEhavebeentried,andthefric tionandwearpropertiesofPTFEcompositeshavebeen extensivelystudiedbymanyinvestigators[14].Glassfiberexhibitsahightensilestrengthandten sile…     

Tribological Properties of Polyvinyl Alcohol Hydrogel Reinforced with Nanometer Hydroxy Apatite

As a potential artificial cartilage material, the friction and wear properties of nano-hydroxy apatite （HA） particles filled poly （vinyl alcohol） hydrogel （PVA-H） composites sliding against stainless steel disk under water lubrication condition were studied by using a four ball tester. The worn surfaces were investigated by using a scanning electron microscope （SEM） to determine the wear mechanisms. Experimental results show that filling HA to PVA-H will slightly increase the friction coefficient of composites with the increasing of HA content under water lubrication condition. Meanwhile, HA particles can greatly reduce the wear mass loss of the PVA-H composites and enhance the load carrying capacity, the wear loss of the 1 wt% HA reinforced PVA-H composites can be decreased by 30 percent under 2.0 MPa to 50 percent under 0.5 MPa contact pressure. We also found that 2 wt% HA content of composites increase the wear mass loss under the same condition. SEM examination shows that the worn surface of low HA containing （1 wt%） composites are much smoother than that of pure PVA-H or high HA containing （2 wt%） composites under 1.5 MPa contact pressure. It is also found that there are big hole and big reunited HA particles in the surface of 2 wt% HA containing composites, which leads to deterioration of the surface of samples under higher loads in water lubrication. These results may be useful in the tribological design of artificial articular cartilage material.