Dielectric and pyroelectric characteristics of the infrared sensitive (Pb1?xSrx)TiO3 ceramics

PST ferroelectric ceramics were fabricated successfully by a two-step method, i e first, PbTiO₃ and SrTiO₃ were sintered respectively, then mixed and sintered together. The process and characteristics of PST ferroelectric ceramics were introduced and researched. Their dielectric and pyroelectric characteristics are as follows dielectric constant 10⁴ order, low dielectric loss (lower than 3.0% in the working frequency range of 1–1 000 kHz), saturation polarization intensity 10⁻¹ C/m² order, and pyroelectric coefficient 10⁻³ C/m²·K order.     

Thermal expansion properties and hygroscopicity of Y2?xSmxW3O12 (x = 0.0–0.4) compounds

A novel class of solid solutions of Y_2−x Sm _x W₃O₁₂ (x = 0.0−0.4) were synthesized and studied by means of powder X-ray diffraction. All samples crystallize in an orthorhombic space group Pnca. The lattice parameters a, b and c of Y_2−x Sm _x W₃O₁₂ increase with increasing Sm content. Since the compounds of this series hydrate at room temperature, thermogravimetric (TG) analysis was carried out. The result shows that the compound stores less water with increasing Sm content. The thermal expansion properties of Y_2−x Sm _x W₃O₁₂ (x = 0.1, 0.3 and 0.4) were investigated with high temperature X-ray diffraction. Negative thermal expansion coefficient α _I becomes less negative from −6.644×10⁻⁶ to −6.211×10⁻⁶°C⁻¹ when x changes from 0.1 to 0.4.     

Effect of Dy on structure and magnetic properties of DyxFe60.5?xPt39.5 Alloys

Effects of the content of Dy on structure and magnetic properties of Dy _x Fe_60.5−x Pt_39.5 alloys(x=0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5) were investigated. The results of XRD analysis proved that the phase-transitional temperature of Dy _x Fe_60.5−x Pt_39.5 alloys from disordered face-centered-cubic structure to ordered face-centered-tetragonal cubic structure decreases with the increase of the content of Dy(x). Suitable content of Dy can improve the exchange coupling between soft magnetic phase and hard magnetic phase by refining grain size, while the remanence ratio and coercivity of the Fe_60.5Pt_39.5 alloy can be significantly improved by a small replacement of Fe by Dy, good magnetic properties were obtained in Dy_0.5Fe_60.0Pt_39.5 alloys.     

Synthesis and photoluminescence property of red phosphors LiEu1?xYx(WO4)0.5(MoO4)1.5 for white LED

A series of novel red phosphors LiEu_1−x Y _x (WO₄)_0.5(MoO₄)_1.5 (x=0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.8) were synthesized by conventional solid state reaction method with the starting materials: WO₃, MoO₃, Eu₂O₃, Li₂CO₃ and Y₂O₃. The spectrum and the crystal structure of the phosphors were characterized by F-4500 and XRD respectively. Meanwhile the effects of flux and Y³⁺ concentration on the crystal structure and luminescent properties of the phosphors were investigated. The results showed that the optimal content of flux () was 1 wt% and the optimal doping concentration of Y³⁺ was 0.5 mol. The emission spectrum showed the most intense peak was located at 615 nm, which corresponds to the ⁵ D ₀→⁷ F ₂ transition of Eu³⁺ and that Eu³⁺ occupied the lattice site of noncentrosymmetric environment in the scheelite phases. The excitation spectrum displayed that these phosphors could be effectively excited by ultraviolet (UV) (396 nm) and blue (466 nm) light, nicely in correspondence with the widely applied output wavelengths of ultraviolet or blue LED chips. The influence of flux on the luminescent properties of LiEu_0.5Y_0.5(WO₄)_0.5(MoO₄)_1.5 phosphor was analyzed. The XRD spectra indicated that the flux could help to crystallize the phosphor, and no other phases were formed except the tetragonal. When adding flux, the relative intensity of LiEu_0.5Y_0.5(WO₄)_0.5(MoO₄)_1.5 became much stronger and the average particle size of the phosphor decreased. Supported by the Key Programs for Science and Technology Development of Hubei Province (Grant No. 2005AA105A05)     

Study on the thermal stability and electrical properties of the high-k dielectrics (ZrO2)x(SiO2)1?x

(ZrO₂) _x (SiO₂)_1−x (Zr-Si-O) films with different compositions were deposited on p-Si(100) substrates by using pulsed laser deposition technique. X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS) showed that these films remained amorphous after annealing at 800°C with RTA process in N₂ for 60 s. The XPS spectra indicated that Zr-Si-O films with x=0.5 suffered no obvious phase separation after annealing at 800°C, and no interface layer was formed between Zr-Si-O film and Si substrate. While Zr-Si-O films with x >0.5 suffered phase separation to precipitate ZrO₂ after annealing under the same condition, and SiO₂ was formed at the interface. To get a good interface between Zr-Si-O films and Si substrate, Zr-Si-O films with bi-layer structure (ZrO₂)_0.7(SiO₂)_0.3/(ZrO₂)_0.5(SiO₂)_0.5/Si was deposited. The electrical properties showed that the bi-layer Zr-Si-O film is of the lowest equivalent oxide thickness and good interface with Si substrate. Supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 60636010) and the National Basic Research Program of China (“973” Program) (Grant No. 2004CB619004)     

Microscopic phase-field simulation for coarsening behavior of L12 and DO22 phases of Ni75Cr x Al25? x alloy

Based on the microscopic phase-field dynamic model and the microelasticity theory, the coarsening behavior of L1₂ and DO₂₂ phases in Ni₇₅Cr _x Al_25−x alloy was simulated. The results show that the initial irregular shaped, randomly distributed L1₂ and DO₂₂ phases are gradually transformed into cuboidal shape with round corner, regularly aligned along directions [100] and [001], and highly preferential selected microstructure is formed during the later stage of precipitation. The elastic field produced by the lattice mismatch between the coherent precipitates and the matrix has a strong influence on the coarsening kinetics, and there is no linear relationship between the cube of the average size of precipitates and the aging time, which does not agree with the results predicted by the classical Lifshitz-Slyozov-Wagner. The coarsening processes of L1₂ and DO₂₂ phases are retarded in elastically constrained system. In the concurrent system of L1₂ and DO₂₂ phases, there are two types of coarsening modes: the migration of antiphase domain boundaries and the interphase Ostwald ripening. Foundation item: Project(50671084) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China; Project(20070420218) supported by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation     

锂离子电池多元复合正极材料LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2的研究进展

介绍了一种新型锂离子电池正极材料LiNi_1/3Co_1/3Mn_1/3O₂的研究概况,分析了该材料的结构特点和电化学性质,总结了三元材料的主要制备方法,以及如何利用掺杂和包覆对其进行改性,以提高其性能,并指出了三元材料的发展前景和今后的研究方向.     

Na+掺杂对LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2结构和电化学性质的影响

采用高温固相法成功制备了不同Na+掺杂浓度的Li_1-xNa_xNi_1/3Co_1/3Mn_1/3O₂锂离子电池正极材料,探究了Na元素掺杂对层状氧化物正极材料结构以及电化学性能的影响。通过X射线粉末衍射仪和扫描电子显微镜表征了材料的结构和形貌,结果表明,当x≤0.3时,样品不会出现其它杂相;当x＞0.3时,样品中会出现NaNi_1/3Co_1/3Mn_1/3O₂的杂相。同时随着掺杂浓度的增加,样品的阳离子混排度逐渐增加。电化学性能结果表明,少量Na+的掺入可以提高LiNi_1/3Co_1/3Mn_1/3O₂在0.2C,0.5C下的放电比容量并增强其循环稳定性,但会损坏材料的倍率性能。     

A three-dimensional k-?-kp model in curvilinear coordinates for sediment movement and bed evolution

To aim at the substitution of the magnitude and direction of water flow movement near bed for those of bed load transport in solid-liquid two-phase one-fluid model, and to simulate the effect of secondary flow on transverse bed load transport in channel bends and the effect of bed slope on bed load transport in a better way, a three-dimensional k-ɛ-k _p solid-liquid two-phase two-fluid model in curvilinear coordinates is solved numerically with a finite-volume method on an adaptive grid for studying water- sediment movements and bed evolution in a 120° channel bend. Numerical results show that the trajectories of solid-phase deviate from those of liquid-phase in the channel bend, and the deviation increases with the increase of the particle diameters. The calculated bed deformation by the k-ɛ-k _p model is in better agreement with measured bed deformation than those by one-fluid model. It is proved that the k-ɛ-k _p model can simulate the effect of secondary flow on lateral bed load transport with the higher accuracy than the one-fluid model.     

Bi2O3和Fe2O3掺杂对BaTiO3陶瓷显微结构的影响

利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和X射线能量色散谱(EDAX)等结构分析技术,研究了施主(Bi     

La2／3Sr1／3MnO3单晶的本征低温电阻最小行为研究（英文）

摘要：为了阐明在锰氧化物多晶以及外延薄膜中存在的低温电阻极小值现象,对La2／3Sr1／3MnO3单晶样品的性质进行研究.该单晶样品是利用光学浮区生长炉,在氩气气氛中生长出的高品质晶体,系统研究了退火对La2／3Sr1／3MnO3单晶低温输运行为的影响.结果表明,在退火前样品存在的低温电阻极小值无论是c轴还是ab平面在退火后均消失,这一结果首次证明了在锰氧化物体系中存在的低温电阻极小是一种非本征的物理行为,与实验样品的制备工艺和存在于其中的非完整性具有较强的依赖性,并进一步证明自旋无序散射乃是传统体系出现低温电阻极小的主要原因.     

红色荧光粉Ca3La3（BO3）5:Eu3+的制备及光学性能

由于红色荧光粉具有提高白光发光二极管（LED）显色指数以及降低色温等优点,因此开发性能优异的白光LED用红色荧光粉一直是白光LED领域研究的重要课题。通过传统的高温固相法制备了系列Ca₃La₃（BO₃）_5:3xEu³⁺红色荧光粉,并通过X射线衍射仪、荧光分光光度计和色坐标分析了荧光粉样品的晶体结构及光学性能。实验结果表明掺杂的Eu³⁺进入了Ca₃La₃（BO₃）₅（CLBO）主晶格,并且掺杂少量的Eu³⁺的CLBO主晶格无杂相生成,得到的Ca₃La₃（BO₃）_5:3xEu³⁺荧光粉的结构与CLBO主晶格一致。该荧光粉被紫外光激发后能发射红光。通过对Ca₃La₃（BO₃）_5:3xEu³⁺荧光粉的光致发光光谱进行计算发现在不同波长光的激发下,色坐标都非常接近美国国家电视系统委员会红光标准。Ca₃La₃（BO₃）_5:3xEu³⁺荧光粉是一种性能优异的白光LED用红色荧光粉。     

Ca1-3x/2Al2Si2O8:xEu3+荧光粉的发光和光温传感特性

为了探究稀土离子掺杂铝硅酸盐的光温特性,本文采用燃烧合成法制备了系列荧光粉材料Ca_1-3x/2Al₂Si₂O₈:xEu³⁺。X射线衍射结果表明掺杂Eu³⁺离子不会改变基质CaAl₂Si₂O₈的晶体结构。荧光光谱结果表明该荧光粉在近紫外光区域具有较强吸收,当被波长为393 nm的近紫外光激发后,其最大特征发射峰为611 nm,且Eu³⁺离子的最佳掺杂浓度为0.05。利用上升时间测温法研究了CaAl₂Si₂O₈:Eu³⁺荧光粉的光温传感特性,结果表明:随着Eu³⁺掺杂浓度的增加,上升时间单调递减,但当掺杂掺杂超过0.100时就会发生淬灭。Ca_0.985Al₂Si₂O₈:0.01Eu³⁺的相对灵敏度随温度的升高先增大后减小,并在520 K时达到最大值（0.024 K^-1）。上述研究表明该荧光粉具备优异的温度传感性能,在测温领域具有广泛的应用前景。     

Research of Lead-free Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3-BaTiO3 System Piezoelectric Ceramics

To reduce the coercive field of Na_0.5Bi_0.5Ti O₃,Ba Ti O₃ were added as dopant materials.Then the(1-x)Na_0.5Bi_0.5Ti O₃-x Ba Ti O₃ ceramic samples were produced in solid synthetic way.The optimum preparation condition and piezoelectric properties of the samples were investigated.The XRD results show that the fabric transites from rhombohedral to tetragonal gradually with the substitution of the Ba²⁺.T...     

Photoluminescence and Ce3+→Tb3+→Eu3+ Energy Transfer Processes of the Ce3+/Tb3+/Eu3+-doped β-NaYF4 Phosphors with Broadened Excitation Spectrum

Ce³⁺/Tb³⁺ co-doped and Ce³⁺/Tb³⁺/Eu³⁺ tri-doped β-NaYF₄ photoluminescent microcrystals using oleic acid as surfactant were synthesized using the solvothermal method.Their microstructural characteristics and photoluminescence properties were investigated in detail.They have the shape of hexagonal prism bipyramids with uniform particle size,which decreases with the concentrations of Tb³⁺ and Eu³⁺.The energy transfer processes of both the Ce³⁺→Tb³⁺ and the Ce³⁺→Tb³⁺→Eu³⁺ were systematically studied.Compared with Eu³⁺ or Tb³⁺ single-doped β-NaYF₄ microcrystals,the sensitization by Ce³⁺ for the photoluminescence of Tb³⁺ and Eu³⁺ leads to a broad excitation spectral bandwidth in the ultraviolet (UV) range.Meanwhile,the corresponding optical absorption efficiency is greatly enhanced.High energy transfer efficiencies have been observed from Ce³⁺ to Tb³⁺ and from Tb³⁺ to Eu³⁺.     

荧光粉Ba3-x-yP4O13:xCe3+,yTb3+的光谱分析

采用高温固相法合成了Ba3P4O13:Ce3+,Tb3+荧光粉.研究了单掺Ce3+、单掺Tb3+以及Ce3+、Tb3+共掺杂时的光谱性质.发现Ce3+的激发光谱呈宽带峰,发射光谱有两个峰,且两者重叠严重,用高斯双峰拟合得到峰值为340 nm和363 nm的发射峰.Tb3+的激发光谱中以220 nm的激发峰最强,测得发射光谱为5D3、5D4能级的发射,表明在此体系中能级5D3和5D4间的无辐射跃迁过程不显著.通过Ce3+、Tb3+共掺,Tb3+的荧光发射明显增强.     

Adsorption of NO and NH3 over CuO/γ-Al2O3 catalyst

The selective catalytic reduction reaction belongs to the gas-solid multiphase reaction, and the adsorption of NH₃ and NO on CuO/γ-Al₂O₃ catalysts plays an important role in the reaction. Performance of the CuO/γ-Al₂O₃ catalysts was explored in a fixed bed adsorption system. The catalysts maintain nearly 100% NO conversion efficiency at 350 °C. Comprehensive tests were carried out to study the adsorption behavior of NH₃ and NO over the catalysts. The desorption experiments prove that NH₃ and NO are adsorbed on CuO/γ-Al₂O₃ catalysts. The adsorption behaviors of NH₃ and NO were also studied with the in-situ diffusion reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy methods. The results show that NH₃ could be strongly adsorbed on the catalysts, resulting in coordinated NH₃ and NH₄⁺ NO adsorption leads to the formation of bridging bidentate nitrate, chelating bidentate nitrate, and chelating nitro. The interaction of NH₃ and NO molecules with the Cu²⁺ present on the CuAl₂O₄ (100) surface was investigated by using a periodic density functional theory. The results show that the adsorption of all the molecules on the Cu²⁺ site is energetically favorable, whereas NO bound is stronger than that of NH₃ with the adsorption site, and key information about the structural and energetic properties was also addressed.     

BaO-TiO2-Nd2O3-La2O3系陶瓷结构与介电性质研究

在BaO-TiO2-Nd2O3(BTN)系材料中以La2O3部分取代Nd2O3后构成BaO-TiO2-Nd2O3-La2O3(BTNL)系的结构和介电性能。实验结果证实,随着La2O3和Nd2O3摩尔比的增加,介电常数的温度系数((下降,用XRD分析证明是因为BaLa2Ti4O12和La2Ti2O7相的增加所致。在BTNL系中加入适量的添加剂可获得中温下烧结的具有超低损耗的微波陶瓷材料,可用于研制微波独石电容器。