密实充填采煤的岩层移动理论研究

综合机械化固体充填采煤技术能实现密实充填,其岩层移动和地表沉陷规律与垮落式采煤显著不同.在较系统分析充填采煤岩层移动的等价采高理论基础上,建立了密实充填采煤岩层移动的结构力学模型,并进行了连续介质力学分析,给出了相应的岩层移动和地表沉陷计算公式.通过实例分析,提出了在密实充填后,如还采用概率积分法预计地表沉陷,则应对传统的地表下沉预计参数加以修正.可为密实充填采煤覆岩移动和地表沉陷分析提供相关思路以及理论和方法.     

综合机械化固体充填采煤的充填体时间相关特性研究

采用MTS 815.02电液伺服岩石力学试验系统对综合机械化固体充填采煤技术中的矸石与粉煤灰充填体的时间相关特性进行了测试,得到了3,7,13和20MPa压力条件下矸石与粉煤灰充填体时间相关特性曲线,应用流变的基本理论,选取PTh体作为矸石与粉煤灰充填体的流变模型,并建立了流变方程;根据矸石充填体时间相关性试验结果及试验矿井的相关数据,计算得出流变参数K1,K2,η,并得到综合机械化固体充填采煤工作面顶板的下沉量与时间的具体流变方程,根据流变方程得出了综合机械化固体充填采煤工作面顶板的下沉量与时间关系曲线,并得出当经历1 000h(约40d)之后,充填体流变进入稳定阶段,其变形量逐渐趋于定值,最大值约340mm.     

煤矿绿色开采技术研究的理论新平台--评《岩层控制的关键层理论》

由钱鸣高、缪协兴、许家林、茅献彪等撰写的《岩层控制的关键层理论》一书已由中国矿业大学出版社于2003年出版．该书全面系统总结了岩层控制的关键层理论与实践成果．内容包括：关键层理论的提出、基本概念及判别方法；在理论上阐明了关键层上的载荷分布规律、关键层的破断规律及其复合效应；同时     

综合机械化固体充填采煤矿压控制原理与支架受力分析

综合机械化固体(废弃物)充填采煤技术能用于低成本、安全、高效回收"三下"压煤和煤柱资源,具有提高煤炭资源回收率,循环利用矿区固体废弃物,保护矿区土地、水资源和环境等优点.在简述固体充填采煤方法及其岩层控制效果的基础上,重点比较了该方法与一般长壁综采在采场矿压控制原理和支架设计理念等方面的显著差异;进一步完善了用于分析岩层移动和地表沉陷等规律的固体充填采煤的等价采高矿压模型;基于提出的固体充填采煤液压支架设计理念,给出了用于分析支架主动加载对顶板变形移动控制的采场矿山压力力学模型,根据半无限平面上作用集中力的经典弹性力学Flamant解,推导得到了计算支架主动力作用引起的采场顶板变形位移曲线的解析解,对完善固体充填采煤基础理论起到了一定的推进作用.     

采动覆岩隔离注浆充填技术在淮北矿区的应用

针对淮北矿区村庄压煤严重、迁村采煤困难这一难题,结合淮北矿区地质采矿条件,开展了“采动覆岩隔离注浆充填技术”试验与应用。分析了注浆充填的技术原理、设计方法与工程控制原则,将分析结果成功应用于刘店煤矿1044工作面注浆充填工程中。通过实施注浆充填,共注入粉煤灰67340 t,压实注采比达29％。实测地表最大下沉0．149 m,注浆充填减沉率85．1％,建筑物没有任何损坏,表明隔离注浆充填技术在不迁村采煤中有重要的应用前景。目前,该项技术已在淮北矿区全面推广应用。     

采动岩体的关键层理论研究新进展

在分析关键层理论的基本原理的基础上,详细介绍了有关键层复合效应对采场矿压与岩层移动的影响,以及综述了关键层理论在采矿压控制、岩层移动与地表沉陷控制和煤层瓦斯抽放等应用研究方面的最新进展。     

固体充填开采直接顶位态控制机制及工程案例

基于充填开采岩层移动特征与实际采场中的8种典型覆岩载荷形式,建立了四柱充填采煤液压支架顶梁的平衡方程,分析了不同覆岩载荷形式下立柱的受力状态,结合工程实测确定支架顶梁最优载荷形式为二次曲线;构建了充填采煤液压支架与充填体协同控顶的力学方程;分析了直接顶位态的主要影响因素,揭示了固体充填开采直接顶位态控制机制,即充填体弹...     

充填步距对地表移动变形特征的控制影响

为了研究充填开采步距对覆岩移动及地表建筑物变形的影响,首先,采用弹性地基梁理论,建立了顶板的位移方程,并采用力学等效转换,推导得出了顶板最大跨距、控顶距与充填步距间的数学关系式,进而得到充填步距的理论计算公式;其次,根据地表建筑物的特性及对变形形式的敏感分析,得到建筑物的抗变形限值,并进一步计算得出地表沉陷的最大允许值,反算出顶板位移值,按照推导公式计算分析,得出顶板跨距及相应的充填步距.从而建立了充填步距与地表建筑物变形之间的相互关系,通过调整充填步距,达到控制顶板位移和地表沉陷以及保护建筑物的目的.通过实例应用分析,在设定地表水平变形为1 mm/m的变形限值时,得出充填步距为6.4 m,当井下充填步距设为该值时,实测地表下沉为237 mm,且水平变形值小于预设限值,达到了良好地控制地表移动变形及保护地面建筑物的效果.     

煤矿绿色开采技术

提出了煤矿绿色开采的概念，阐述了它的内涵和技术体系，绿色开采的理论基础为：开采后岩层中的关键层运动形成的节理裂隙与离层规律以及瓦斯与地下水在破断岩层中的渗流规律。绿色开采技术的主要内容包括：保水开采、建筑物下采煤与离层注浆减沉、条带与充填开采、煤与瓦斯共采、煤巷支护与部分矸石的井下处理、煤炭地下气化等。     

粉煤灰矸石充填体固化的“蛋壳”现象与技术分析

通过对矿山充填体的现场观察,发现充填体在凝结硬化过程中,出现了外硬内软的异常情况,即＂蛋壳＂现象;通过对充填体现场观察、取样分析与实验室排查试验等一系列研究分析,基本查清了产生这一现象的原因.提出的技术调整建议在后期取得了良好的效果.     

Vertical transportation system of solid material for backfilling coal mining technology

For transportation of solid backfill material such as waste and fly ash from the surface to the bottom of the shaft in a fully mechanized backfilling coal backfilling coal mining technology,we develope...     

Strata behavior in extra-thick coal seam mining with upward slicing backfilling technology

Based on the character of upward slicing backfilling mining and the condition of Gonggeyingzi coal mine in Inner Mongolia,this paper describes the studies of the strata behavior and the stress distribution in the process of backfilling mining in extra-thick coal seams.This was achieved by setting up and analyzing the elastic foundation beam model using the ABAQUS software.The results show that:(1) With the gradual mining of different slices,the roof appears to bend continuously but does not break.The vertical stress in the roof decreases and the decreasing amplitude reduces,while the tensile stress in the roof grows with the mining slices and the maximum tensile stress will not exceed the allowable tensile stress.(2) The front vertical stress at the working face exceeds the rear vertical stress and both show a trend of decrease with decreasing amplitude of decrease.(3) The slices mined early have more influence on the surrounding rock than the later ones.Similarly,the strata behavior experiences the same trend.The field measured data show that the roof does not break during the mining process,which is consistent with the conclusion.     

Backfilling technology and strata behaviors in fully mechanized coal mining working face

Based on the principle of fully mechanized backfilling and coal mining technology and combined with theXingtai Coal Mine conditions,we mainly optimized the coal mining equipment and adjusted the coal m...     

Overlying strata movement of recovering standing pillars with solid backfilling by physical simulation

To analyze the overlying strata movement law of recovering room mining standing pillars with solid backfilling.Physical simulation experiments with sponge and wood as the backfilling simulation material were tested.The results show that:(i) The covering-rock mechanics of the overly strata comes from "two-arch structures + hinged girder + bend beam" to "backfilling material + hinged girder + bent beam" by increasing the fill ratio from 0%to 85%,the beginning of overlying strata movement appears later and the total duration of subsidence velocity increased from zero to the highest value increases.The trend of "single polarization" of the subsidence velocity curves becomes noticeable and the velocity variation trend becomes stable,(ii) The equiponderate aeolian sand was added to improve the anti-pressure ability of the loess,and the corresponding ground processing transportation system was designed.     

充填采煤液压支架受力分析与运动学仿真研究

根据充填采煤液压支架结构原理及控顶作用,建立了支架顶梁的力学模型,分析得出了顶梁受力情况及3排立柱受力之间的关系;运用Pro/E软件对支架进行三维建模和运动学仿真分析,模拟出主要部件的运动过程,得出各主要部件在工作过程中的运动特征曲线,并对支架参数进行了校核.基于以上分析结果设计制造了ZZC8800/20/38型充填采煤液压支架,支架前、后排立柱受力分别是中立柱支架受力的4.1倍、4.6倍.该支架在平煤十二矿成功应用表明受力分析及设计是科学合理的.     

综采工作面割煤时煤尘污染状况的现场实测研究

在对平沟煤矿综采工作面采煤机割煤时煤尘浓度和分散度现场实测和分析的基础上,得出了综采工作面采煤机割煤时煤尘的污染特征.在一定风速条件下采煤机割煤时,距底板和煤壁较近处煤尘的总粉尘浓度沿程分布曲线出现2个极大值,然后随着煤尘运移距离的增加,煤尘的总粉尘浓度沿程分布曲线趋向于1个稳定值;距顶板和液压支架较近处煤尘的总粉尘浓度沿程分布曲线仅出现1个极大值,然后随着煤尘运移距离的增加,煤尘的总粉尘浓度沿程分布曲线也趋于1个稳定值.     

综放工作面矿压显现规律研究

通过对平顶山煤业 (集团 )公司十三矿综放工作面矿山压力及支架的受力特点进行综合分析和研究 ,探讨了该工作面的矿压显现规律 ,对于了解综放工作面的矿压规律、合理确定支架的工作阻力和结构型式有一定的借鉴作用 ,对于加强综放工作面控制、推广应用综放技术有着重要的意义     

Waste-filling in fully-mechanized coal mining and its application

A fully-mechanized coal mining (FMCM) technology capable of filling up the goaf with wastes (including solid wastes)is described. Industrial tests have proved that by using this technology not only can waste be re-used but also coal resources can be exploited with a higher recovery rate without removing buildings located over the working faces. Two special devices, a hydraulic support and a scraper conveyor, run side-by-side on the same working face to simultaneously realize mining and filling. These are described in detail. The tests allow analysis of rock pressure and ground subsidence when backfilling techniques are employed.These values are compared to those from mining without using backfilling techniques, under the same geological conditions. The concept of equivalent mining height is proposed based on theoretical analysis of rock pressure and ground subsidence. The upper limits of the rock pressure and ground subsidence can be estimated in backfilling mining using this concept along with traditional engineering formulae.