Improvement on strip flatness of cold temper mills by modifying roll contour shape

A study on roll gap profile (strip profile) control was accomplished in a 1700 mm single-stand temper mill. Some critical problems such as the deviation of work roll contour caused by grinding and wear, the effectiveness of work roll bending were discussed. Using a finite element model, the effects of roll contours (ground and wear) on strip profile were investigated. The roll bending effect on strip thickness was also analyzed. It is pointed out that there are some special features of flatness control in the temper mill: during temper rolling, roll deformation is slight due to small rolling load, and the loaded roll gap profile mainly depends on work roll contour, while the backup roll has a little effect on gap crown; the effect of bending force on gauge can not be ignored due to the coupling between flatness control and gauge control. A new roll contour arrangement adaptable to the mill was presented and has been put into practical production. The application of the new set of rolls showed some good results: larger crown control range of work roll bender, higher rolling stability, better strip profile and flatness quality.     

VCR and ASR technology for profile and flatness control in hot strip mills

The roll contour pattern and variety of work and backup rolls in service and its effect on profile and flatness control performance in 1 700 mm hot strip mill at Wuhan Iron and Steel （Group） Corporation were tested and analyzed by the developed finite element models of different typical roll contours configurations. A rather smooth local work roll contour near strip edges and an increase in rolled length can be obtained by application of long stroke work roll shifting system with conventional work roll contours that is incapable of the crown control. In comparison with the conventional backup and work roll contours configuration, the crown control range by the roll bending force enhances by 12.79% and the roll gap stiffness increases by 25.26% with the developed asymmetry self-compensating work rolls（ASR） and varying contact backup rolls（VCR）. A better strip profile and flatness quality, an increase in coil numbers within the rolling campaign and a significant alleviated effect of severe work roll wear contours on performance of edge drop control are achieved by the application of ASR with crown control and wear control ability in downstream stand F5 and VCR in all stands of 1 700 mm hot strip mill.     

Analysis of the thermal profile of work rolls in the hot strip rolling process

A 2-dimension axisymmetric model was developed by the finite-difference method, which can be used to predict the transient temperature field and thermal profile of work rolls in the hot strip rolling process. To demonstrate the accuracy and reliability of the solution developed, the calculation results were compared with the production data of a 1700 mm hot strip rolling mill and good agreement was found between them. The effect of strip width and roll shifting on the thermal expansion of the work rolls was studied.It is found that the strip width has marked effect on the efficient thermal crown. Initially, when the rolling strip changes from narrow to wide, a bigger efficient thermal crown can be quickly achieved; afterwards, when the rolling strip changes from wide to narrow,not only the influence of uneven wear can be reduced but also the excessive efficient thermal crown can be avoided. It is also found that the work roll shifting has a determinate but not obvious effect on the reduction of the efficient thermal crown, and will make the strip shape unstable without being used properly.     

WRS轧机工作辊磨损计算及板形调控分析

在热带钢连轧机设计及改造中采用WRS辊系作为下游机座可以增强机组的板形调控能力。从理论上分析了辊系在轧制中的磨损特性，工作辊磨损辊型的计算方法，根据实际轧制工况对其板形的调控、影响因素进行了定量分析。     

基于板形性能优化目标的支承辊辊形设计

研究了宽板带轧机辊形设计的原理和方法,提出了一种基于板形性能优化目标的支承辊辊形设计理念,并在某冷轧机组应用所设计的辊形,改善了支承辊磨损,提高了轧机的板形控制能力.     

Work roll thermal contour prediction model of nonoriented electrical steel sheets in hot strip mills

The demands for profile and flatness of nonoriented electrical steels are becoming more and more severe. The temperature field and thermal contour of work rolls are the key factors that affect the profile and flatness control in the finishing trains of the hot rolling. A theoretic mathematical model was built by a two-dimensional finite difference to calculate the temperature field and thermal contour at any time within the entire rolling campaign in the hot rolling process. To improve the calculating speed and precision, some special solutions were introduced, including the development of this model, the simplification of boundary conditions, the computation of heat transfer coefficient, and the narrower mesh along the edge of the strip. The effects of rolling pace and work roll shifting on the temperature field and thermal contour of work rolls in the hot rolling process were demonstrated. The calculated results of the prediction model are in good agreement with the measured ones and can be applied to guiding profile and flatness control of nonoriented electrical steel sheets in hot strip mills.     

热轧带钢层流冷却温度优化控制策略研究

在热轧带钢生产过程中,卷取温度是影响成品带钢性能的重要参数之一,其精度的高低对带钢质量至关重要.为保证产品具有良好的性能,采用层流冷却装置对热轧后的板带进行冷却控制,喷水系统的设定是层流冷却过程控制的关键.在冷却过程中带钢的温度不能在线连续检测,其过程具有强非线性和时变性,而且在冷却过程中存在相变,因此难以建立精确的数学模型去描述这一冷却过程.随着带钢厚度,精轧出口温度和轧制速度的变化,单独的前馈/反馈控制很难满足高精度的温度控制需要.在本文的研究中,一系列层流冷却控制策略被采用,包括前馈/反馈控制,自适应算法,以及控制带钢整体温度的均匀性策略.实践应用表明这些控制策略得到很好的检验,能有效地提高卷取温度的控制精度和均匀性.     

弯辊和串辊对带钢板形影响

基于有限元软件ANSYS建立了冷轧六辊轧机的三维弹塑性有限元参数化模型。将轧机实体模型转换成有限元模型,根据轧机的工作方式提炼出边界条件和载荷条件,施加在有限元模型上。参数化模型采用ANSYS参数化设计语言APDL编写。通过修改程序中的参数,计算分析了弯辊力、中间辊的串辊量以及带钢宽度等参数对带钢形状和辊缝的影响。计算结果表明:当带钢宽度小于1 300 mm时,调整弯辊力对带钢板形的改变较为明显;当带钢宽度大于1 700 mm时,调整弯辊力对改变带钢板形的作用变得非常小,此时通过连续可变凸度轧辊（CVC）的串辊来调节板形更有效。该结论与冷轧厂实践结论一致。     

Strip shape control capability of hot wide strip rolling mills

The elasticity deformation of rolls was analyzed by means of two-dimensional finite element method （FEM） with variable thickness. Three typical mills were used as objects for analysis. A thorough study was done on the control capabilities of these mills on the strip shape. Then the strip shape control capabilities of the three mills was compared synthetically. 2008 University of Science and Technology Beijing. All rights reserved.     

Backup roll contour of a SmartCrown tandem cold rolling mill

SmartCrown was a new system developed by VAI for improving the strip profile and flatness control first applied in 1700mm tandem cold rolling mills at Wuhan Iron & Steel (Group) Corporation (WISCO). After tracing and testing, the application of the conventional crown backup roll matching the SmartCrown work roll of the production mill led to heavy and nonuniform wear, and the edge spalling of the backup roll often occurred. A 3-dimension finite element model of roll stacks was established, which was used to analyze the above-mentioned problems, and it was found that the main reason was the highly nonuniform contact pressure distribution between the work roll and the backup roll. A new FSR (flexible shape backup roll) was developed and applied in 1700mm tandem cold rolling mills. A lot of good actual effects of FSR, such as evident improvement in profile and flatness of strips,non-occurring edge spalling, wear uniform, and remarkable decrease in roll consumption were validated by long-term industrial applications.     

Study and application of crown feedback control in hot strip rolling

Crown feedback control is one part of the automatic shape control （ASC） system. On the basis of large simulation researches conducted, a linear crown feedback control model was put forward and applied in actual strip rolling. According to its successful op- eration in the ASP 1700 hot strip mill of Angang Group for one year and also from the statistical results of several crown measurements, it can be definitely said that this control model is highly effective and shows stable performance. The control effectiveness of different gauges of strips with the feedback control is found to increase by 10%-30% compared with that without feedback control.     

Effect of Deformation between Stands on the Strip Shape in Hot Rolling

A theoretical model about the secondary deformation is developed by the combination of analytical and experimental approaches. A system simulation based on the model is completed to predict the strip profile after the interstand deformation. On the other hand, comprehensive experiments and quantitative comparisons are made to calibrate the model for a wide variety of products. As a result, the correction of the model has been verified by the actual rolling data from production mill and it is helpful to improve the strip shape control.     

X射线衍射法测量冷轧带钢残余应力

残余应力的不均匀分布是影响板形的根本原因。为了深入了解冷轧带钢残余应力的分布情况,文章采用X射线衍射法对在不同轧制条件下冷轧后带钢的残余应力进行了测量分析,研究了残余应力沿板厚方向的变化、张力对残余应力分布的影响以及残余应力与板形的关系。研究的结论对制定与完善板带轧制规程、提高板形质量具有重要意义。     

热连轧带钢层流冷却过程温度场模拟

轧后冷却过程中,卷取温度对带钢最终的微观组织和力学性能有重要影响。针对带钢轧后的层流冷却过程,分别采用有限差分法和有限元法,建立了带钢厚度方向的温度场模型,并将模型计算值与实测值进行对比。结果表明,两种方法建立的模型均能较准确地反映层流冷却过程中带钢的瞬态温度分布,为进一步分析带钢的微观组织转变和力学性能提供了依据。     

Surface Inspection System for Cold Rolled Strips Based on Image Processing Technique

Surfacequalitycontrolisanimportantissueinsteelindustry.UPtonow,itisstillaworldwideproblemtoimplementreal-timeinspectionofstripsurfaces.Inparticular,therearethreeprincipleproblemsofsurfaceinspectioninsteelindustry:(1)Whilestripismovingatahighspeedofup...     

基于板厚标准曲线的平直度预设定控制方法

在分析各种平直度预设定控制算法优缺点的基础上,提出一种基于板厚标准曲线的平直度预设定控制算法。首先,建立了基于分步优化的平直度和板厚标准曲线制定方法,该方法将平直度判别和平直度预报分开独立计算,通过分步优化得到平直度标准曲线和板厚标准曲线,计算快速、稳定。其次,采用横断面预报模型优化计算平直度预设定值,使计算的带钢出口厚度横向分布逼近板厚标准曲线,得到基于板厚标准曲线的平直度预设定控制方法,该方法计算快速、稳定,完成一次在线设定计算时间约为1.781 s,满足工业在线应用实时性的要求。最后,以某1 800 mm五机架冷连轧机为例验证了上述算法的计算精度,满足工程需要。     

Analysis of CVC roll contour and determination of roll crown

Mathematical analysis of continuous variable crown (CVC) roll contour used in CSP production line was conducted and the roll contour function of CVC roll was obtained. The validation with actual CVC roll contour shows that the calculation values of the roll contour function and the actual roll contour parameters given by equipment provider are the same, which proves that the roll contour function of CVC rolls given in this article is correct. The nonlinear relationship between the roll crown of CVC rolls and roll shift amounts was deduced. The concept of crown extremum was given.     

CSP带钢热连轧机架间水冷传热数值模拟

采用有限差分方法,建立了CSP热轧过程轧件传热及温度场模拟模型,对CSP带钢热连轧过程中机架间冷却过程的传热进行了模拟计算.讨论了机架间水冷对带钢传热和断面温度演变的影响.     

热轧带钢轧机工作辊热应力的有限元分析

热轧带钢轧机工作辊在工作过程中承受交变热应力,掌握变化的热应力的大小和规律非常重要.热应力的大小目前无法使用实验的方法得到,而采用数值模拟求解是一种行之有效的方法.采用ANSYS 8.0软件对热轧带钢轧机工作辊的温度场和热应力进行了有限元分析,通过计算分析得出工作辊温度场的分布规律,这对于工作辊寿命分析、设计及现场使用都有参考价值.     

适应变速轧制的精细化轧件温度计算和控制模型

针对因变速轧制和复合冷却带来的卷取温度模型预报精度降低的问题,以热输出辊道上的冷却设备布置信息和辊间冷却换热形式为出发点,采用Crank-Nicolson(C-N)六点格式有限差分方法构建轧件轧后冷却温度计算模型;以前馈为主、反馈为辅,不断进行自学习来对轧件冷却温度进行控制,在精轧出口按照固定时间周期对轧件进行分段采样和前馈设定,在卷取入口按照长度进行分段采样和周期性反馈控制;为使模型适应升速轧制和因终轧温度控制所带来的速度扰动叠加的速度变化,对轧件在冷却区的运动进行精确的位置跟踪,并在冷却区中增设速度补偿区,对设定的冷却规程进行更新以补偿升速带来的冷却不足或降速引起的过冷.新的卷取温度模型以辊间冷却为计算单元,可有效地集成不同的冷却形式,并对变速轧制过程进行有效适应.自现场应用以来,卷取温度设定精度和控制稳定性大幅度提高.