Fe_3O_4-TiO_2磁性光催化剂的制备与性能

采用化学共沉淀法制备磁性纳米Fe3O4作为磁载体,以溶胶-凝胶法制备了Fe3O4-TiO2磁性光催化剂,采用X射线衍射(XRD)、紫外-可见(UV-Vis)漫反射等手段对其进行表征。以亚甲基蓝水溶液为模拟污染物,测试了Fe3O4-TiO2磁性光催化剂的光催化性能,光照90min后,亚甲基蓝的脱色率可达到96.6%,相同条件下TiO2对亚甲基蓝的脱色率为93.6%。在外加磁场作用下,Fe3O4-TiO2磁性光催化剂的平均回收率为85.6%,TiO2离心分离平均回收率为62.7%,Fe3O4-TiO2磁性光催化剂在保证高催化活性的前提下实现了高效回收。     

Preparation, characterization and photocatalytic behavior of WO3-TiO2/Nb2O5 catalysts

TiO2/Nb2O5 photocatalyst loaded with WO3 (WO3-TiO2/Nb2O5) was prepared by a modified hydrolysis process, and characterized by X-ray diffractometry, transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectra and UV-Vis diffuse refraction spectroscopy. The photocatalytic activity of WO3-TiO2/Nb2O5 was investigated by employing splitting of water for O2 evolution. The results indicate that WO3 loading can pronouncedly improve the photocatalytic activity of TiO2/Nb2O5 by using Fe3 as an electron acceptor under UV irradiation. The optimum molar fraction of the loaded WO3 is 2%, and the largest speed of O2 evolution for 2% WO3-TiO2/Nb2O5 catalyst is 151.8 μmol/(L·h).     

石墨烯／二氧化钛复合光催化剂的制备及可见光催化性能研究

以钛酸正丁酯为钛源,采用一种简单的原位水解技术制备了石墨烯／二氧化钛复合光催化剂．通过XRD、SEM、TEM、Raman、PL和UV-vis光谱仪等分析手段对产物进行了表征,并测试了该复合光催化剂在可见光区对染料罗丹明B的光催化降解性能．实验结果表明：制备的复合光催化剂主晶相为锐钛矿型二氧化钛,石墨烯表面富集的二氧化钛颗粒尺寸约为10-20nm左右,均匀弥散、形成一层致密的氧化钛膜层．样品降解罗丹明B测试结果表明,石墨烯与二氧化钛的复合,一方面使得二氧化钛光催化剂在可见光区的吸收大大增强,另外,石墨烯的存在能够促进二氧化钛半导体中电子和空穴的有效分离,并且在一定程度上提高了污染物在半导体表面的富集效率,从而使石墨烯／二氧化钛复合光催化剂对降解罗丹明B表现出良好的光催化活性．     

Preparation and photocatalytic properties of Fe-doped TiO2 nanoparticles

Nanocrystalline Fe-doped TiO2 with size of 60-70 nm was prepared by a sol-gel technique, followed by freeze-drying treatment for 2 h. Thermogravimetric and differential thermal analyses, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, laser diffraction particle size analyzer and OV-Vis spectrophotometer technologies were used to characterize the product. The photocatalytic activities of the samples were evaluated by the degradation of wastewater of paper-making. The effects of Fe ion implantation on the photocatalytic activity of TiO2 were also dis-cussed. The results show that the iron content plays an essential role in affecting the photocatalytic activity of the Fe-doped TiO2 and the optimum content of Fe-doped is 0.05% (mass fraction). The photocatalytic activity of sam-ples with lower content of Fe-doped is higher than that of pure TiO2 in the treatment of paper-making wastewater.The photo-degradation effect of paper-making effluent is the best by means of Fe-doped TiO2 with 0.05 % Fe.     

Light energy conversion device for photocatalyst 2.0%WO3-TiO2 with oxygen vacancies for water splitting

Using carbon felt, polytetrafluoroethylene latex and powder catalyst to assembly a light energy conversion device, the photocatalytic activity of catalyst 2.0%WO₃-TiO₂ (2%WO₃ compounding TiO₂) with oxygen vacancies was studied through the water splitting for O₂ evolution, using a high pressure mercury lamp as the light source and Fe³⁺ as the electron acceptor in two different devices: an ordinary photolysis device with catalyst powder suspending through a magnetic stirrer and a self-assembly light energy conversion device. The results show that after 12 h irradiation, the photocatalytic activity of 2.0%WO₃-TiO₂ with oxygen vacancies in the self-assembly light energy conversion device is higher than that of the ordinary photolysis device, and the amount of oxygen evolution is about 12 and 9 mmol/L respectively in these two devices. After 12 h, the rates of O₂ evolution are slow in each device and the photocatalyst almost loses the photoactivity in the ordinary photolysis device. So, compared with the ordinary photocatalytic device, the rate of oxygen evolution and the life time of the catalyst are improved in the self-assembly light energy conversion device.     

K2Ti2O5对汽车尾气中碳烟的催化氧化性能研究

通过溶胶凝胶法制备了K2Ti2O5催化剂,并利用XRD,SEM,BET等方法进行了表征。利用程序升温反应对K2Ti2O5的碳烟催化氧化性能进行了研究。结果表明,K2Ti2O5具有一定的碳烟催化氧化活性。同时,一定量的NOx有助于K2Ti2O5的催化氧化活性,说明K2Ti2O5是一种潜在的可同时去除NOx和碳烟的新型催化剂。由于K2Ti2O5对碳烟具有较高的催化氧化活性、较好的抗水性和低廉的价格,因此是一种具有较好发展前景的汽车尾气净化催化剂。     

水热法制备Ba_5Nb_4O_(15)纳米粉体

采用两步-水热法制备Ba5Nb4O15纳米粉体,研究矿化剂浓度、水热合成温度以及保温时间等因素对产物相组成的影响。利用X射线衍射分析样品相组成,通过Scherer公式计算所的粉体晶粒尺寸。X射线衍射结果表明,水热法合成Ba5Nb4O15单相的工艺条件为:Ba∶Nb=2∶1、碱浓度为2.0mol/L、水热反应240℃/48h,所得粉体晶粒尺寸约35nm。     

p-n异质结TiO_2/NiO光催化剂的制备及其性能研究

采用溶胶凝胶和浸渍煅烧相结合的方法,制备出了具有p-n异质结结构的球形二氧化钛表面负载氧化镍颗粒的复合光催化剂.利用XRD、TEM、UV-Vis和PL等方法对催化剂的晶相组成、微观结构、吸光性能和光致发光性能等进行了表征.结果表明氧化镍晶粒与二氧化钛晶粒紧密接触形成p-n异质结.氧化镍颗粒的负载使复合光催化剂的吸收带边发生了明显的红移,并进入了可见光区.形成的p-n异质结促进了二氧化钛光生电子和空穴的分离,从而降低了其本征发光光强度.通过在可见光条件下对亚甲基蓝的降解研究了其光催化性能,结果表明,氧化镍颗粒的负载使二氧化钛的光催化效果在可见光区有了显著地提高,并在一定范围内随着氧化镍含量的增加光催化效果也随之提高.     

Microstructure and microwave dielectric properties of CaO-B2O3-SiO2 glass ceramics with various B2O3 contents

The effects of B2O3 addition on both the sintering behavior and microwave dielectric properties of CaO-B2O3-SiO2 (CBS) glass ceramics were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR),X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).The results show that the increasing amount of B2O3 causes the increase of the contents of [BO3],[BO4] and [SiO4],which deduces the increase of CaB2O4 and α-SiO2 and the decrease of CaSiO3 correspondingly.No new phase is observed throughout the...     

Preparation and photocatalytic activity of Gd-doped TiO_2 nanofibre

1INTRODUCTION TiO2hassomespecialpropertiesincludingphotocatalyticactivity,chemicalstability,andre sistancetowear,non poisonlowcostandcanbepreparedatlowcost.Ifmodifiedwithproperinter mingle,itcanbedirectlyusedinthesunlight.Sotitaniumdioxideisoneofthemostpotentialphoto catalyzers[1,2].Itsphotocatalyticoxidationabilityincreasesrapidlywiththedecreaseofparticledi ameter.Whenitsdiameterreaches10100nm,itwillshowobvioussurfaceeffectandquantumeffect.Moreover,itwillshowhighphotocatalyticactivityif…     

Preparation and properties of SrBi2.2 Ta2O9 thin film

SrBi_2.2 Ta₂O₉ (SBT) thin film with thickness of 2 μm was successfully prepared by sol-gel method, using strontium acetate semihydrate [Sr(CH₃ COO)₂ · 1/2H₂O] and bismth subnitrate [BiO(NO₃)], and tantalum ethoxide [Ta(OCH₂CH₃)₅] as source materials, glacial acetic and ethylene glycol as solvents. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscope(TEM) results indicate that SBT layer-perovskite phase obtained has to be single phase, SBT thin film is formed after being annealed at 800 °C for for 1 min. The typical hysteresis loop of SBT thin film on Pt/Ti/SiO₂/Si is obtained, and the measured polarization value of the SBT thin film is 4. 2 μ/C/cm². Foundation item: Project (HIT. 2001. 67) supported by the Scientific Research Foundation of Harbin Institute of Technology; project (50172012) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China     

Temperature dependence on reaction of CaCO3 and SO2 in O2/CO2 coal combustion

The temperature dependence on the reaction of desulfurization reagent CaCO₃ and SO₂ in O₂/CO₂ coal combustion was investigated by thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction measurement and pore structure analysis. The results show that the conversion of the reaction of CaCO₃ and SO₂ in air is higher at 500–1 100 °C and lower at 1 200 °C compared with that in O₂/CO₂ atmosphere. The conversion can be increased by increasing the concentration of SO₂, which causes the inhibition of CaSO₄ decomposition and shifting of the reaction equilibrium toward the products. XRD analysis of the product shows that the reaction mechanism of CaCO₃ and SO₂ differs with temperature in O₂/CO₂ atmosphere, i.e. CaCO₃ directly reacts with SO₂ at 500 °C and CaO from CaCO₃ decomposition reacts with SO₂ at 1 000 °C. The pore analysis of the products indicates that the maximum specific surface area of the products accounts for the highest conversion at 1 100 °C in O₂/CO₂ atmosphere. The results reveal that the effect of the atmosphere on the conversion is temperature dependence.     

Structure of Bi2O3-ZnO-B2O3 system low-melting sealing glass

Bi_2O_3-ZnO-B_2O_3 system glass is a kind of lead-free low melting sealing glasses. The structure of Bi_2O_3-ZnO-B_2O_3 system low-melting sealing glass was investigated by DSC, FT-IR, XRD and SEM. The results show that with the increase of B_2O_3 content, the transition temperature Tg and softening temperature T_f of Bi_2O_3-ZnO-B_2O_3 system low-melting sealing glasses increase, which leads to the liquid phase precipitation temperature increasing and promotes the structure stability in the glass. With increasing the heat treatment temperature, a large number of liquid phases appear in samples and the sinter efficiency of the samples increases. The FT-IR spectra of the glasses show the presence of some bands that are assigned to vibrations of Bi-O bond from [BO_3] pyramidal and [BiO_6] octahedral units and B-O from [BO_3] and [BO_4] units. With the decrease of B_2O_3 content, the crystallization tendency of the glass increases. In glass samples B_1 and B_2, crystallization starts at 460 ℃ and 540 ℃, respectively. Both of them precipitate Bi-(24)B_2O_(39) phases.     

SnO2及SnO2／Fe2O3复合微米材料的合成及表征

本文首先以SnCl2·2H2O为主要原料,无水乙醇为溶剂,利用溶剂热法于180℃反应24h得到了SnO2微球;再以所制备的SnO2微球为前驱体,FeCl3·6H2O为主要原料,通过水热法得到SnO2／Fe2O3复合材料．利用X射线粉末衍射仪（XRD）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对所得产物进行了表征．结果表明：所得的SnO2为四方锡石型,形貌为微球,平均直径约为2．0μm;复合后得到的SnO2／Fe2O3微球平均直径约为2．5μm．其中,Fe2O3为六方赤铁矿型,在复合物的表面以小颗粒的形式存在,尺寸约为200nm．另外,也对SnO3与SnO2／Fe2O3微球的形成过程进行了讨论．     

Sol-Gel V2O5薄膜的成膜和取向研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法在SiO2/Si衬底上沉积V2O5薄膜,详细介绍了对衬底表面作亲水处理的方法.以不同浓度溶胶,在不同温度和不同气氛下对薄膜进行热处理,得到以〈001〉向为主取向的高取向薄膜,从理论上解释了V2O5薄膜的取向机理,并与相同衬底上的热蒸发和PLD氧化钒薄膜的取向作了比较.     

Optimization of the operating conditions in a TiO2/Fe3O4-SiO2 photocatalytic reactor for the treatment of industrial wastewater containing Procion Red MX-5B

According to the design principle of the central composite experimental,the method of response surface analysis with three factors and three levels was adopted based on one factor test.A second-order quadratic equation for photocatalysis of Procion Red MX-5B was built.Response surface and contour were graphed with the decoloration rate of Procion Red MX-5B as the response value.Based on the analysis of the response surface plots and their corresponding contour plots,effects of pH value,irradiation time and catalyst loading were explored.By using this new method,the optimum decoloration condition was obtained as follows:pH value,1.3;irradiation time,49.9 min;catalyst loading,0.57 g/L.In the optimization,R-Squared and Adj R-Squared correlation coefficients for quadratic model were evaluated quite satisfactorily as 0.9310 and 0.8620,respectively.Under the optimum conditions established,the performance of 99.47% for color removal was experimentally reached.It was found that all factors considered have an important effect on the decolorization efficiency of Procion Red MX-5B.By the ANOVA analysis and model confirmation the optimal solution obtained using RSM was experimentally validated and credible with preferable instructional ability for experiments.     

反应温度对微波法合成Fe2V4O13光催化粉体及其光催化性能的影响

以Fe（NO3）3·9H2O和NH4VO3为原料,采用微波水热-煅烧两步法合成了片层状结构单斜相Fe2V4O13光催化剂．以罗丹明B溶液为目标降解物,对不同煅烧温度下合成的Fe2V4O13粉体的光催化性能进行了研究．结果表明：随着煅烧温度的升高,片层状颗粒不断长大,Fe2V4O13光催化剂的结晶性能逐渐增强,粉体的比表面积逐渐减小．350℃和550℃下制备出的片层状粉体分别是由300nm大小及1Arm大小的小颗粒和块状颗粒聚集生长而成,二者都不利于光催化性能的提高;450℃煅烧合成的Fe2V4O13粉体晶化强度良好且粉体间团聚现象较小,具有较大的比表面积,光催化反应活性位点多,有利于光催化反应的进行．该温度下合成的Fe2V4O13粉体在紫外光照射240rain后对罗丹明B溶液的降解率可达到79．0％．     

沸石负载Mn,N共掺杂TiO2及光催化性能

为提高传统TiO₂光催化剂的可见光催化活性,本文采用溶胶-凝胶法合成了Mn,N共掺杂TiO₂光催化剂,改善了传统TiO₂光生载流子易复合的问题;进一步采用沸石作为载体对改性后的TiO₂样品进行负载,解决了传统光催化剂存在的难分离回收问题,以达到光催化剂可重复使用的目的.借助X-射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜、紫外分光光度计、傅立叶变换红外光谱仪等测试手段对Mn,N共掺杂TiO₂光催化剂的结构、元素组成、微观形貌和光催化降解性能进行系统分析与研究.研究结果表明,沸石负载Mn,N共掺杂TiO₂的样品较未改性的TiO₂样品具有更高的光催化降解活性,在可见光照射下,在最优掺杂条件下获得的TiO₂光催化剂在60 min内对孔雀石绿的降解率可达到97%,这主要归因于锰离子掺杂能够对TiO₂光生载流子的复合产生抑制作用,促进光生电荷分离,与此同时氮元素掺杂可有效拓宽TiO₂半导体光催化剂光响应范围.此外,经过5次循环使用后,对孔雀石绿的降解率没有较大程度的减弱,依然能够维持在88%以上,表明沸石负载Mn,N共掺杂TiO₂的样品具有较好的光催化循环稳定性.     

Coexistence of antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic in Mn-doped anatase TiO2 nanowires

A series of Mn-doped TiO_2 nanowires (NWs) were prepared by hydrothermal method at the mole fraction of Mn changing from 0 to 12.0%. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis shows that all the samples have pure anatase structure. SEM and TEM studies show that the diameter and the length of the Mn-doped TiO_2 NWs are larger than those of the undoped TiO_2 NWs. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) reveals that the samples are composed of Ti, Mn and O. According to magnetization measurements, all samples show ferromagnetic behavior, but only the undopedTiO_2 NWs are completely ferromagnetic with a saturated magnetization about 1.0 mA·m~2/kg. Mn-doped TiO_2 samples exhibit antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic (AF-FM) behaviors simultaneously. Photoluminescence (PL) spectra demonstrate the existence of MnO_2 sublattice. These observations indicate that an AF-WF crossover is induced by the coexistence of TiO_2 sublattice and MnO_2 sublattice.     

TiO2/氮掺杂碳纳米管复合材料的制备及光催化性能研究

以钛酸异丙酯为前驱体,采用水热合成法制备了TiO2/氮掺杂碳纳米管复合材料。采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)等对样品进行了详细的表征,并以罗丹明B作为模型污染物,研究了TiO2/氮掺杂碳纳米管复合材料作为光催化剂在紫外光照射下的光催化能力,结果表明TiO2/氮掺杂碳纳米管复合材料对环境污染物具有良好的降解能力。