Synthesis and electrochemical properties of SnO2-polyaniline composite

The SnO2-polyaniline（SnO2-PAn） composite was prepared by microemulsion polymerization method using aniline, ammonium peroxodisulfate and SnO2 as starting materials. The SnO2-PAn composite was characterized by X-ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscope and electrochemical techniques. The results show that PAn in the composites is amorphous. PAn formed in the reaction is deposited preferentially on the SnO2 particles, giving a SnO2-PAn composite, in which SnO2 is coated with PAn. SnO2-PAn composite shows a reversible capacity of 657.6 mA.h/g and the capacity loss per cycle is only 0.092% after 80 cycles, suggesting that SnO2-PAn composite is a promising anode material for lithium ion batteries.     

Synthesis and electrochemical properties of SnO2-polyaniline composite

The SnO2-polyaniline(SnO2-PAn) composite was prepared by microemulsion polymerization method using aniline, ammonium peroxodisulfate and SnO2 as starting materials. The SnO2-PAn composite was characterized by X-ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscope and electrochemical techniques. The results show that PAn in the composites is amorphous. PAn formed in the reaction is deposited preferentially on the SnO2 particles, giving a SnO2-PAn composite, in which SnO2 is coated with PAn. SnO2-PAn composite shows a reversible capacity of 657.6 mA.h/g and the capacity loss per cycle is only 0.092% after 80 cycles, suggesting that SnO2-PAn composite is a promising anode material for lithium ion batteries.     

导电聚苯胺/聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯复合膜的合成及特征

采用原位氧化聚合法合成了聚苯胺(PAn)／聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)复合材料．通过溶液浇铸的方法制成了性能优良的可溶性导电自支撑膜，电导率达10^-2S／cm；考察了各种反应条件对复合膜电导率的影响，获得了最佳的聚合反应条件，并进行了环境稳定性测试，其循环伏安曲线表明聚苯胺具有稳定的电化学活性，元素分析结果表明复合的聚苯胺存在一饱和值，超过饱和值，提高聚苯胺的含量对电导率影响不大，并对复合膜进行了红外光谱测试．     

Preparation and Performance of Corona-proof Conductive Composite Coatings

Because of its merits,acrylic resin was chosen to improve the mechanical,conductive and hydrophobic properties.Carbon fiber powders (CF),carbon nanotubes (MWCNT),and nano-TiO_2 were incorporated into the acrylic resin to prepare the corona-proof conductive composite coatings.The incorporation of CF and MWCNT may improve the conductivity and mechanical strength of the coatings.However,the addition of nano-TiO_2 may increase the hydrophobicity of the coatings.Thus,the effects of different additives on the mechanical properties,conductivity,hydrophobicity and heat resistance of the conductive film were studied.The experimental results show that the incorporation of carbon fiber powders and multi walled carbon nanotubes can significantly improve both the conductivity and mechanical properties of the conductive coatings,and the addition of nano titanium dioxide can improve the hydrophobicity of the conductive film.     

聚苯胺／氟碳乳液复合涂层的防腐蚀性能

以聚苯乙烯磺酸（PSSA）为掺杂剂,制备水性聚苯胺（PANI）-蒙脱土（MMT）复合材料,再以水性氟碳乳液（FC）为成膜物,制备水分散体PANIL氟碳乳液复合涂层材料用于A3钢的防腐蚀。利用平衡开路电位（OCP）、电化学交流阻抗谱（EIS）、Tafel曲线考察了掺杂剂和蒙脱土对防腐蚀性能的影响。XRD结果表明PANI—MMT复合材料中的蒙脱土以片层剥离状态存在;当n（PSSA）：n（An）=1．5：1和m（An）：m（MMT）=1：2．5时,复合涂层具有较高的阻抗,显著提高了金属的腐蚀电位（-0．75V）,降低了金属的腐蚀电流密度（10^-7.5A／cm^2）。     

不同热处理工艺制备WO3电致变色薄膜及性能研究

采用溶胶凝胶-钨粉过氧化法制备了氧化钨电致变色薄膜,并对其进行了不同温度的热处理,通过对电致变色原理的分析,研究讨论了不同热处理工艺对氧化钨薄膜微观形貌和电致变色性能的影响.采用X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜、紫外-可见分光光度计、电化学工作站对薄膜的微观结构、离子储存、离子扩散速率和光谱调制能力进行了表征和分析.结果表明：适当的热处理温度可以形成较低缺陷的非晶薄膜,此时薄膜具有优越的离子储存和扩散能力,从而具有较大的可见光调节范围;热处理温度为300,℃时,薄膜表现出较好的电致变色性能.     

纳米Cr颗粒对Ni-Mo复合镀层性能的影响

为了研究纳米Cr颗粒对Ni-Mo复合镀层性能的影响,采用脉冲电沉积方法制备具有不同Cr含量的Ni-Mo复合镀层.利用扫描电子显微镜和X射线衍射仪分别观察和分析复合镀层的组织形貌及结构.采用电化学测试和X射线光电子能谱研究复合镀层的析氢性能和耐蚀性能.结果表明:随着镀液中纳米Cr颗粒含量的增加,镀层晶粒得到细化,析氢过电位增大,复合镀层析氢性能得到提高;当镀液中纳米Cr颗粒含量为20 g/L时,复合镀层表面钝化膜中MoO₃含量较高,且可与Cr产生协同效应,因而复合镀层具有较好的耐蚀性能;但随着镀液中纳米Cr颗粒含量的进一步增加,复合镀层中沉积的Cr元素含量降低,复合镀层的析氢性能和耐蚀性能均降低.因此,当镀液中纳米Cr颗粒含量为20 g/L时,复合镀层具有较好的析氢性能和耐蚀性能.     

Electrochemical behavior of different shelled microcapsule composite copper coatings

Copper/liquid microcapsule composite coatings with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), gelatin or methyl cellulose (MC) as shell materials were prepared by electrodeposition. The influence of shell materials on the corrosion resistance of the composite coatings in 0.1 M H2SO4 was investigated by means of electrochemical techniques, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersion spectrometry (EDS). The results show that the participation of microcapsules can enhance the corrosion resistance of the composite ...     

Influence of different substrates on the electrochromic property of polyaniline films

The polyaniline (PANI) films doped with complex acid (sulfuric acid and sulfosalicylic acid) were prepared using the potentiostatic method on bare nickel flake (NF) and flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET)/indium tin oxide (ITO) substrates. The contents of the PANI films, surface elements, electrochromic property and electrical conductivity were characterized by energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The experimental results show that differences exist among cycle stability, redox reversibility and response time of polyaniline films on these two kinds of substrates, but the electrochromic phenomenon of the PANI films is in substantial agreement. The equilibrium transmittance spectra in the visible region (400–800 nm) for the PANI film on flexible PET/ITO substrate was obtained at different applied potential from −0.4 to 1.5 V. The results show that the transmittance of the PANI film by applying voltage is adjustable in a row and has excellent electrochromic performance.     

固相聚合制备导电聚苯胺及其性能的研究

通过固相聚合法制备了盐酸、苹果酸、十二烷基苯磺酸掺杂的聚苯胺(PAn),研究了盐酸用量、氧化剂加入方式对固相合成PAn的影响,用FT-IR、XRD分析方法对盐酸、苹果酸、十二烷基苯磺酸掺杂PAn进行了表征.结果表明,制备的PAn有一定的掺杂性和结晶性;一定范围内减少盐酸用量可抑制副反应的产生,有利于PAn导电性的提高;分批加入的氧化剂添加方式可防止反应速率过快并及时散发反应产生的大量热量,有利于PAn导电性和产率的提高;采用具有亲油性的有机大分子酸掺杂PAn,可减弱分子间作用力,有利于其溶解性的提高.     

绢云母型高吸水性复合材料的试验研究

在制备超强吸水性材料的时候加入一定量的绢云母能有效降低材料成本并且增加产品抗盐性．本文采用水溶液法，通过正交实验研究了绢云母型高吸水性复合材料在聚合过程中引发剂、交联剂、丙烯酸中和度、丙烯酰胺、绢云母几个影响因素对复合材料吸水性的影响，优化出最佳工艺条件为绢云母60％，交联剂0．02％，中和度1OO％，丙烯酰胺1OO％，引发剂0．4％，此时产品的吸自来水倍率为324．5g／g．     

交流电频率范围变化对电化学合成的聚吡咯薄膜电致变色性能的影响

采用电化学阻抗谱法, 以吡咯和对甲苯磺酸(p-toluenesulfonic acid, p-TSA) 为原料配制反应溶液, 以掺氟SnO₂ 透明导电玻璃为基底, 简单而有效地一步合成聚吡咯(polypyrrole, PPy) 薄膜。研究了电化学合成中交流电频 率范围的变化对所制备的聚吡咯薄膜的结构和电致变色性能的影响。结果表明, 在初始电位0.7 V, 施加±100 mV正弦波的基础上, 交流电频率范围的变化改变了PPy 薄膜颗粒的分布形态, 频率范围变化越宽, 薄膜颗粒越小, 尺度接近于纳米级。当交流电频率范围在10^-1~10³ Hz 时, 制备的PPy 薄膜的电致变色性能最佳, 其800 nm 光波处的光调制幅度达到65.4%, 该薄膜还具有较快的电致变色响应, 着色和褪色开关时间分别为5 s 和6.5 s, 且其着色效率达到137.4 cm²·C^-1, 100 次电致变色循环后的光调制幅度保留率可达65.7%。     

硅凝胶/CMC接枝聚丙烯酸盐的吸水机理研究

利用具有良好耐盐和高亲水性能的硅凝胶与羧甲基纤维素接枝聚丙烯酸盐的高吸水树脂进行复合，制备出无机高分子的硅凝胶一羧甲基纤维素接枝聚丙烯酸盐耐盐高吸水复合材料，从而提高了高分子吸水树脂在盐水中的吸收能力及吸收速度，研究了复合材料的吸盐水性能，通过扫描电子显微镜观察了复合材料表面的微观结构，初步探讨了硅凝胶一羧甲基纤维素接枝聚丙烯酸盐耐盐高吸水复合材料的吸盐水机理。     

HYBRID AND CHARACTERISTIC OF POLYANILINE- BARIUM TITANATE NANOCOMPOSITE PARTICLES

Polyaniline-barium titanate (PAn-Ba-TiO_3) ultrafine composite particles were prepared by the oxidative polymerization of aniline with H_2O_2 while barium titanate nanoparticles were synthesized with a sol-gel method. The infrared spectrogram shows that the polymerization of PAn in the hybrid process of PAn-BaTiO_3 is similar with the polymeric process of pure aniline, and there is interaction of PAn and BaTiO_3 in the PAn-Ba-TiO_3. SEM and TEM results show that the average diameter of the composite particles is 1.50/~m and the diameters of BaTiO_3 nanoparticles are 5—15 nm in the composite particle. The electrical conductivity of the ultrafine composite particles is transformable from 10~0 to 10~(11)S/cm by equilibrium doping or dedoping method using various concentration of HCl or NaOH solutions.     

磁场环境下聚苯胺的合成与性能研究

在不同磁场强度下,用苯胺单体(An)和氧化剂过硫酸铵(APS),掺杂剂磺基水杨酸(SSA),乳化剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)合成了导电聚苯胺(PAn)。研究了氧化剂和掺杂剂用量对PAn掺杂率和电导率性能的影响;并采用红外光谱、X射线衍射、粒径分析、腐蚀电位曲线表征了PAn结构与性能的关系。结果表明:磁场对苯胺聚合的影响是正向的,磁场能减少掺杂剂的用量、提高产物的电导率;在乳化剂n(SDBS)/n(An)=0.45,氧化剂n(APS)/n(An)=0.8,掺杂剂SSA 0.3 mol.L-1时,合成的PAn电导率最大;在磁场环境中合成的PAn导电性、粒径、防腐性、规整性等各方面与无磁场作用的产品相比均具有明显的优势。     

Microstructure and Properties of Graphene Oxide-doped TiO_2 Coating on Titanium by Micro Arc Oxidation

Micro arc oxidation(MAO) coatings doped with graphene oxide(GO) were prepared on pure titanium by adding GO and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate(SDBS) into a sodium silicate solution. The as-deposited coatings were comparatively analyzed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM), energydispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDS) and X-ray diffraction(XRD). The binding forces of the MAO, MAO+GO and MAO+GO+SDBS three coatings were measured by a scratch tester. The mechanical property of the three coatings was analyzed using the nano-indentation technique. The corrosion resistance of the coatings was tested by the electrochemical system in 3.5% NaCl solution. The photocatalytic activity of the prepared samples was evaluated by determining the degradation of methylene blue(MB) solution. The results showed that compared to the MAO coating, the morphologies and phase compositions of MAO+GO and MAO+GO+SDBS composite coatings were significantly different. These two composite coatings all had superior photocatalytic activity. Especially, the MAO+GO composite coating still had enhanced binding force and excellent corrosion resistance. Furthermore, the relationship between the microstructure and the properties of these three MAO coatings was analyzed.     

Effect of magnetic field on property and structure of polyaniline doped with multiple sulfonic acids

Polyaniline（PAn） doped with multiple sulfonic acid system of dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid（DBSA） and sulfosalicylic acid（SSA） was synthesized by emulsion polymerization using ammonium persulfate（APS） as an oxidizing agent in the presence and the absence of a constant magnetic field（MF）of 0.8 T. The structure and properties of the PAn were characterized by X-ray diffractometer（XRD）, thermogravimetric apparatus（TGA）, FT-IR spectroscope（FT-IR） and four probe digital multimeter. The results indicate that, when the molar ratio of DBSA to SSA is 1/3, that of dopant to An is 3/2, that of APS to An is 4/5 in the synthesizing media, and the doping time is 3 h, the conductivity of the PAn synthesized in the presence of the MF of 0.8 T reaches 5.88 S/cm, which is higher than that of the PAn synthesized in the absence of the MF. The thermal stability, the crystallinity and the doping degree of the PAn synthesized in the presence of the MF are also improved. MF not only enhances the conductivity, but also reduces the doping time, the dosage of the dopant and the oxidizing agent when the conductivity reaches the maximum.     

纳米TiO2复合涂层的制备及其对LY12铝合金的防护性能影响

为了改善铝合金材料的耐腐蚀性能,研究了以正硅酸乙酯（TEOS）为主要原料,加入一定量的-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷（KH550）,并引入纳米TiO2进行复合,以冰乙酸为催化剂,采用溶胶-凝胶法在铝合金基体表面形成复合涂层,并利用氟硅烷进行表面修饰。腐蚀电化学测试分析结果表明,纳米TiO2掺杂制备的复合涂层能够明显的提高铝合金基体的防护性能。并考察了纳米TiO2含量对涂层性能的影响,结果表明,在纳米TiO2质量分数为0.04%时制备的涂层性能最佳,相应的试样在3.5%（质量分数）NaCl溶液中的腐蚀电流密度约为5.965×10 9 A/cm2,而同等实验条件下铝合金基体腐蚀电流密度为7.216×10 5 A/cm2,涂层的存在使腐蚀速率降低了4个数量级,说明涂层对铝合金基体具有显著的防护效果,并且利用扫描电镜（SEM）和接触角测试来考察涂层的致密性和憎水性。     

Preparation,characterization and salt-resistance of a coal based super absorbent composite

Potassium humate was extracted from brown coal.A novel super absorbent composite,poly (acrylic acid-co-acrylamide)/potassium humate (PAA-AM/KHA),was prepared by graft polymerization of acrylic acid,acrylamide and coal based potassium humate using N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide as a crosslinker and potassium peroxydisulfate as an initiator.The effects of reaction temperature,degree of neutralization of the poly (acrylic acid) and the amounts of crosslinker,initiator and potassium humate were investigated.Salt resistance tests were also carried out.The composite prepared under optimal conditions had a potassium humate content of 10% and exhibited a water absorption of 770 g/g in distilled water,and 349,286 and 41 g/g in 0.5 mol/L KC1,MgCl2 and AlCl3 solutions respectively.The results indicate that the salt resistance of PAA-AM/KHA was superior to that of poly (acrylic acid-co-acrylamide) because of the collaborative effect of functional groups of the coal based potassium humate.The PAA-AM/KHA micro powder was characterized by IR spectroscopy and the micrographic surface was characterized by scanning electron microscopy.Introduction of potassium humate into the poly (acrylic acid-co-acrylamide) structure creates a composite more suitable for use as a water-managing material in the renewal of arid and desert environments.The salt resisting property of the composite is improved,production costs are reduced and the growth stimulant effect is still present.     

Electrorheological Particles Composed of Polyaniline Core and BaTiO_3 Layer Shell

Composite particles consisting of polyaniline( PAn) core and barium tilanate ( BaTiO3) Layer shell were synthesized. The PAn-BaTiO3 composites particles were characterized with TEM and XRD. The dielectric behavior of particles was tested and the electrorhcologicak(ER) behavior of the suspensions of PAn/ BaTiO3 panicles in chlorinated paraffin oil with a 20vol % was investigated under DC electric field. The results show that the ER effect of composite particle is far stronger than that of pure polyaniline and barium titanate which mere synthesized by the stone method. pH and thickness of BuTiO3 have an important. influence on the ER effects.