金属表面耐蚀性稀土转化膜的研究进展

稀土盐在不同金属及其合金表面形成转化膜具有防腐蚀作用,近年来国内外学者对其研究颇多.本文综述了稀土盐在有色金属铝、碳钢和不锈钢、锌及镀锌板材、镁、铜及其合金表面的形成转化膜防腐蚀技术应用;指出了复合稀土缓蚀剂协同钝化膜的耐蚀性能及研究进展,并探讨了未来稀土钝化技术在金属表面耐蚀性技术研究与应用的发展方向.     

硬软酸碱原理与缓蚀剂设计

简要介绍了硬软酸碱原理、理论基础、标度方法及其在缓蚀剂研究中的应用．在酸性介质中，铁的表面被认为是款设，属于软碱的缓蚀剂对其腐蚀有较好的抑制作用；钝化的金属表面被认为是硬酸，软碱的存在对钝化膜的稳定不利．氟离子在铁电极表面的吸附将使铁的软酸性质变得更软．     

无铬达克罗成膜物质的研究进展

无铬达克罗是通过无铬钝化技术在金属材料表面形成的耐腐蚀性能佳、环境污染小、对人体健康几乎没有危害的金属表面防护膜层.本文综述了国内外形成这种膜层的物质的研究进展,展望了无铬钝化技术的发展趋势;在总结与分析的基础上指出：随着环境保护要求的提高,有机聚合物（硅烷或树脂）和稀土盐（铈盐）组成的复合成膜体系有着较好的开发和应用前景.     

聚苯胺-环氧树脂复合转化膜在镀锌板上的耐蚀性研究

利用化学氧化合成法制备苯胺聚合物,并与水性环氧树脂、硅烷以及无机缓蚀剂等配制成复合钝化液,制备出耐蚀性良好的复合转化膜。采用电化学Tafel极化曲线和交流阻抗、中性盐雾试验、原子力显微镜等对复合转化膜的耐蚀性以及表面形貌进行研究。结果表明:聚苯胺-环氧树脂复合钝化液在镀锌板表面形成的复合转化膜膜层致密,耐蚀性良好;所配制钝化液为绿色环保产品,对环境无污染,钝化工艺简单,原料成本低廉,具有较好的工业推广价值。     

不锈钢载波钝化的研究和应用

不锈钢载波钝化的研究已有近20年的历史，研究人员对不锈钢载波钝化理论作了较为深入的研究，并在载波钝化理论的应用上进行了广泛探索．综述了载波钝化膜的生长、膜层的结构和性质的研究进展情况及应用前景．     

Cr-Al复合钝化膜的组成及稳定性研究

本文在０．５ｍｏｌ／ＬＨ２ＳＯ４中测定了Ｆｅ－Ｃｒ、Ｆｅ－Ａｌ、Ｆｅ－Ｃｒ－Ａｌ和Ｆｅ－Ｍｎ－Ａｌ－Ｃｒ合金的极化曲线，用透射电镜和光电子能谱仪对它们的钝化膜的组成和稳定性进行了分析研究．结果表明：在上述合金的钝化膜中，均出现Ｃｒ、Ａｌ的富集，但在Ｆｅ－Ｃｒ－Ａｌ合金的钝化膜中，Ｃｒ的富集受到抑制，而在Ｆｅ－Ｍｎ－Ａｌ－Ｃｒ合金的钝化膜中Ｃｒ富集未受到抑制．Ｆｅ－Ｍｎ－Ａｌ－Ｃｒ的Ｃｒ、Ａｌ复合钝化膜的钝性优于同等含Ｃｒ量的Ｆｅ－Ｃｒ合金，更优于同等Ｃｒ、Ａｌ含量的Ｆｅ－Ｃｒ－Ａｌ合金．本文认为，锰使得膜中的硫含量降低，致使钝化膜的稳定性提高     

X80和X70管线钢在NaHCO3溶液中钝化膜的电化学性能

采用动电位极化、交流阻抗和电容测量等方法研究了X80和X70管线钢在0．5mol／L NaHCO3溶液中的活化-钝化行为及生成的钝化膜的电化学性能。极化曲线表明,X80和X70钢在-0．16～0．90V发生了钝化,X70钢的雏钝电流密度（ip）约为18．38μA／cm^2,而X80钢的维钝电流密度约为6．76μA／cm^2。交流阻抗表明,X80钢表面生成的钝化膜比X70钢的更加致密,均匀性更好,与原子力显微镜（AFM）的观察结果相吻合。电容测量表明,X80和X70钢在该溶液中表面生成的钝化膜在-0．20～0．80V为n型半导体,且X80钢比X70钢表面钝化膜的施主密度更低,空间电荷层更厚,耐蚀性更好。     

热镀锌板表面单宁酸- H2TiF6/SiO2复合涂层的防腐性能研究

铬酸常用于金属表面处理,但Cr(Ⅵ)被认为是致癌物质,为研究替代其钝化涂层的环保防腐方法,通过对镀锌板锌层表面制得的单宁酸-H2TiF6/SiO2复合涂层试样的涂层结构和防腐性能进行分析研究,探讨了固化温度、溶液pH值和膜层厚度对涂层耐蚀性能的影响因素.结果表明,单宁酸-HTiF6/SiO2防腐溶液的固化温度和pH值对膜层腐蚀性能影响较大,在pH=4及钢板固化温度(PMT)60～80℃范围时单宁酸-H2TiF6/SiO2复合涂层的耐腐蚀性能最佳,达到了常规铬酸盐钝化膜的防腐性能.     

40Mn26Al3Cr6Re 奥氏体不锈钢复合钝化膜的TEM研究

对铁－锰－铝－铬奥氏体不锈钢４０Ｍｎ２６Ａｌ３Ｃｒ６Ｒｅ在０．５ｍｏｌ／ＬＨ２ＳＯ４溶液中钝化后形成的表面膜进行了ＴＥＭ分析研究．ＴＥＭ分析结果证明：４０Ｍｎ２６Ａｌ３Ｃｒ６Ｒｅ不锈钢表面钝化膜主要是α－Ａｌ２Ｏ３、θ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３、（Ｃｒ２Ｏ３）１０Ｂ的机械混合物；其中（Ｃｒ２Ｏ３）１０Ｂ的含量最多．钝化膜为层状结构，内层为多晶，外层是微晶和非晶；钝化膜与基体在结晶学上存在外延关系．     

金属表面常温快速发黑技术

本文论述了金属表面常温快速生成氧化膜的机理和工艺流程．采用常温快速发黑剂，脱水上光防锈剂等对金属表面酸性发黑具有创新性。     

成膜电位对2205 双相不锈钢在NaCl溶液中电化学行为的影响

不锈钢耐蚀性与钝化膜形成条件密切相关。采用动电位极化法、电化学阻抗谱和Mott⁃Schottky方法,研究了成膜电位（相对于饱和甘汞电极（SCE）的电位）对2205双相不锈钢（2205DSS）钝化膜在质量分数为3.5%的 NaCl溶液中的电化学行为。结果表明,2205DSS在25 ℃下质量分数为3.5%的NaCl溶液中具有良好的耐蚀性能;在0.10 V和0.60 V的成膜电位下,钝化膜形成过程为先多孔后致密,而成膜电位为0.90 V时,钝化膜最后还额外经历了一个疏松多孔的形成过程;随着成膜电位的增加,钝化膜中施主密度与受主密度均增加,钝化膜生成速率增加,但也促进了侵蚀性阴离子吸附性的增加;钝化膜外层缺陷和多孔性随成膜电位的增加而增加,导致钝化膜厚度增加;钝化膜内层膜在0.60 V的成膜电位下致密性最好,随着成膜电位增加至0.90 V,内层氧化物变为多孔,钝化膜致密性退化,钝化膜破裂倾向最大。     

奥氏体不锈钢表面等离子渗锆合金层的抗酸腐蚀性研究

为提高0Cr18Ni9Ti奥氏体不锈钢在特殊应用环境的耐酸腐蚀性能,采用双辉等离子渗金属技术在不锈钢基体表面渗锆,对渗锆合金层的相结构进行检测分析,将奥氏体不锈钢基体试样和表面渗锆试样分别在0.5 mol/LH2SO4溶液、0.5mol/L HNO3溶液、0.5 mol/L HCl溶液进行电化学腐蚀对比试验。结果表明:在H2SO4溶液、HNO3溶液、HCl溶液中,不锈钢基材的相对腐蚀速度分别是渗锆合金层的2.18倍、9.73倍、24.43倍;不锈钢基体表面腐蚀较为严重,而渗锆合金层表面仅出现轻微的局部腐蚀坑。奥氏体不锈钢表面渗锆后,渗锆合金层中合金元素呈梯度分布,且腐蚀时在表面形成了一层致密的氧化锆钝化膜,因而其抗酸腐蚀性能相对基体大幅提升,在HCl溶液比在H2SO4溶液和HNO3溶液中耐蚀效果更明显。     

电势对硅片摩擦电化学材料去除特性的影响

为了提高硅片抛光效率,改善抛光表面质量,采用电化学交流阻抗谱法实验研究了极化电势对硅片表面钝化作用的影响规律,结合摩擦电化学实验探讨了极化电势对硅片表面摩擦系数及材料去除特性的影响．结果表明,在碱性CeO₂抛光液中,对硅片施加1 V阳极极化电势能够促进其表面形成抑制腐蚀的钝化层,极化电势过高会破坏表面钝化层,过低则抑制钝化层形成．良好的硅片表面钝化层能够有效增大其摩擦系数,提高摩擦电化学实验过程中的材料去除率．     

Passivation method of 317L stainless steel used in medicine

The electrochemical performance of 317L stainless steel used in medicine under different conditions of passivation(Different conternts of HNO3 solution,different passivation time and different passivation temperatures)was studied.The results show that the pitting potential of 317L stainless steel used in medicine can reach about 1.0V(SCE) when electrochemically tested in 0.9% NaCl solution after the steel was passivated in 30% HNO3 solution at 35℃for 6h,which indicates that the passivation film has a relatively strong resistance to corrosion,The results also show that the corrosion resistance of the passivation film on the surface of 317SS can be increased after suitable amount of K2Cr2O7 is added into NHO3 passivation solution.     

硝酸钝化时间对S32750超级双相不锈钢腐蚀行为的影响

为了进一步提高S32750超级双相不锈钢（S32750 SDSS）的抗腐蚀性能，采用质量分数为40.0%的硝酸对其进行钝化处理，通过电化学极化曲线、电化学阻抗谱、Mott⁃Schottky曲线以及浸泡等方法，考察了硝酸钝化不同时间后S32750超级双相不锈钢的耐蚀性，并观察了腐蚀前后试样表面的腐蚀表面形貌。结果表明，钝化时间对S32750超级双相不锈钢钝化膜耐蚀性有显著影响，当钝化时间小于120 min时，钝化时间越长，腐蚀速率越小，钝化膜耐蚀性越好。     

马钢一钢轧2#热镀锌线辊涂机工艺控制

介绍了马钢-钢轧2^#热镀锌生产线辊涂机钝化、耐指纹膜层厚度控制工艺,膜层均匀性控制工艺,涂后膜层固化效果控制工艺,以及表面质量控制。希望能对马钢热镀锌后处理工艺的改善提供有价值的参考。     

Corrosion resistance of 316L stainless steel in acetic acid by EIS and Mott-Schottky

The properties of the passivation film formed on 316L stainless steel were studied by Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy （EIS）, Mott-Schottky and Voltammetry measurements in high- temperature acetic acid. The results show that the passivation film formed on 316L stainless steel is stable in 60% acetic acid solution from 25 ℃ to 85 ℃. As temperature increased, the polarization resistance decreased but the interface capacitance increased. There was hardly any relation between temperature and the intrinsic property semiconductor. The passivation film represents the p-semiconductor property in the potential interval of -0.5-0.1 V; represents the n-semiconductor property in the potential interval of 0.1-0.9 V; and represents the p-semiconductor property in the potential interval of 0.9-1.1 V. The voltammetry measurements show that the structure of the passivation film is stable when the temperature is lower than 55 ℃ and that its stability decreased when this temperature is exceeded.     

Parylene film for sidewall passivation in SCREAM process

Trench sidewall passivation is a key step in the SCREAM (single crystal reactive etching and metallization) process for releasing suspended MEMS structures. In this paper, the parylene thin film is reported to serve as the passivation layer owing to its excellent conformality, chemical inertness, mechanical performance, and especially, low growth temperature. The deposited parylene films are characterized and the test structures are released through SCREAM process utilizing the parylene films as a passivation layer. The results show that as a passivation layer the parylene has more merits than the PECVD SiO2 film.     

Passivation Mechanism of 316L Stainless Steel in Oxidizing Acid Solution

The compositions and the chemical valence states of elements of 316L stainless steel passive film formed in the oxidizing acid solution were studied by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopic (XPS) analysis. The electrochemical polarization curve was measured. The passivation process in the oxidizing acid solution was studied by AC impedance technology. The results indicated that the stable compounds layer was formed on the surface of the sample and the adsorption was the main step in the nitrite solution during passivation process. The catalysis passivation mechanism was put forward according to the experimental results. During passivation process, the water molecule was adsorbed on the surface of the sample at first in the oxidizing acid solution. The oxidizer in the solution played a role as catalyst. The oxide and hydroxide, which could be changed each other and finally formed stable passive film, were generated from adsorbing intermediate under the catalytic action. The mathematical models for predicting the steady polarization curve and the AC impedance spectra at certain conditions have been obtained. The passivation mechanism of 316L stainless steel in the oxidizing acid solution can be interpreted by the catalysis passivation mechanism.