小波变换在变压器差动保护中的应用

基于小波多分辨率分析理论,提出了一种以能量变化率的比值作为判据,区分变压器励磁涌流和内部短路电流的方法.它从信号的小波能量谱图中提取特征量,作为模式识别的依据来鉴别励磁涌流和内部短路电流.     

识别变压器励磁涌流和内部短路电流的小波能量谱图解法

基于小波多分辨率分析理论,提出了一种以能量变化率的比值作为判据,区分变压器励磁涌流和内部短路电流的新方法—小波能量谱图解法。它从信号的小波能量谱图中提取特征量,作为模式识别的依据来鉴别励磁涌流和内部短路电流。仿真计算表明该方法简单有效,具有一定的应用前景。     

基于小波变换的电力变压器继电保护研究

以小波变换中多分辨分析为理论依据,对电流信号进行多尺度小波分解,提取各尺度高频段能量,提出小波能量法,该方法以不同尺度能量变化之比为判据,对变压器的励磁涌流和内部短路电流进行区分。使用 SIMULINK搭建模型对励磁涌流与短路电流的仿真,得到两者波形。通过小波工具箱提取两者的高频系数,得到各尺度能量。仿真实验结果表明,该方法计算简单便利,能够对励磁涌流和短路电流进行有效地区分。     

基于小波变换和概率神经网络的励磁涌流识别

针对变压器的励磁涌流问题,提出了一种基于小波变换和概率神经网络的新的变压器差动保护方案,用以实现励磁涌流与其它内部短路电流诸如单相短路、两相接地短路、三相接地短路、匝间短路的鉴别。利用小波变换进行信号分解,提取各尺度高频部分的能量,作为神经网络的输入特征向量,概率神经网络是为了进行模式识别。利用Matlab/Simulink平台上的仿真建模,获取励磁涌流和内部故障电流的数据。大量仿真结果显示,该方案可以有效地识别励磁涌流。     

基于小波变换的励磁涌流识别方法研究

当前的励磁涌流识别方法误差偏大,难以区分电力故障类别.为此,提出基于小波变换的励磁涌流识别方法.引入小波变换方法,结合塔式算法,完成电力离散信号的分解.通过小波重构滤波器,重构电力离散分解信号.针对励磁涌流识别中故障类别判断难的问题,利用小波能量谱图解法来区分电力系统变压器励磁涌流故障和内部短路电流,完成励磁涌流识别的优化.实验结果表明,研究方法的励磁涌流识别结果与真实情况一致,具有较好的识别准确率。     

基于小波分析的变压器励磁涌流识别

励磁涌流和内部短路电流状态的识别是变压器差动保护中的一个重要问题,通过比较励磁涌流和短路电流在物理特性上的区别,提出运用小波变换提取励磁涌流的间断角奇异性特征,实现变压器励磁涌流和短路电流的识别。仿真结果表明,该方法能够有效地提取励磁涌流的畸变特征,提高了变压器微机差动保护的准确性。     

小波变换在励磁涌流和短路电流识别中的应用

为了识别励磁涌流电流和内部故障电流,根据小波变换后励磁涌流在高频率段处呈现出明显的奇异性的特点,利用小波变换对变压器的励磁涌流模型和内部故障模型进行仿真分析,确定了基于一尺度下奇异值的小波判据,比较其高频段上能量的变化情况来识别励磁涌流和内部故障电流。结果表明,此方法可以对励磁涌流和内部故障电流进行良好识别。     

基于小波包和LS-SVM的变压器励磁涌流与短路电流识别方法

基于小波包分解和最小二乘-支持向量机（LS-SVM）,提出了变压器短路电流和励磁涌流识别的新方法。通过将电流信号进行小波包分解,计算出分解后各频段信号的能量,组成能量特征向量,并考虑作为最小二乘一支持向量机分类器的输入参数,来实现短路电流和励磁涌流的识别。仿真结果表明,该方法识别准确率高,受噪声的影响小。     

基于变压器功率因数对励磁涌流和内部故障电流的识别

针对变压器采用纵差动保护会受到励磁涌流的影响而误动作,以及励磁涌流和内部故障时的短路电流的区分问题,提出一种根据变压器两侧三相瞬时功率因数的变化关系来识别励磁涌流和内部故障的方法.该方法简单、便捷,从能量的角度进一步揭示了变压器励磁涌流与内部故障电流本质不同.     

基于小波包和改进BP神经网络的变压器励磁涌流识别方法

根据励磁涌流和内部故障电流的波形特征存在巨大差异,提出一种基于小波包和改进BP网络的识别励磁涌流的新算法。利用小波包对励磁涌流和故障电流信号进行分解和重构,提取小波包重构系数,计算各频段的能量并进行归一化处理,构造能量特征向量,作为BP网络的输入样本,进行训练和测试,提出保护判据。经过PSCAD/EMTDC和MATLAB软件对大量样本进行仿真验证,证明该方案能够快速准确地识别励磁涌流和内部故障电流。     

Correction of saturated current transformers secondary current using ANNs

Current transformers (CTs) provide instrument-level current signals to meters and protective relays. Protective relays' accuracy and performance are directly related to steady-state and transient performance of CTs. CT saturation could lead to protective relay maloperation or even prevent tripping. This paper proposes the use of an artificial neural networks scheme to correct CT secondary waveform distortions. The proposed module uses samples of current signals to achieve the inverse transfer function of CT. Simulation studies are preformed and the influence of changing different parameters is studied. Performance studies results show that the proposed algorithm is accurate and reliable. The proposed algorithm has also been implemented and tested on a digital signal processor board. Details of the implementation and experimental studies are provided in this paper.     

Recent developments on high current measurement using current shunt

The Short‐circuit Testing Liaison (STL) is the organization that consists of high power testing laboratories of the world. Member laboratories perform short‐circuit tests under uniform interpretations of the IEC standards agreed through technical discussions and information exchanges among them. One of the recent projects that the STL has been working on is to establish uncertainty and traceability of high current measurement by international comparison tests with reference shunts. In concert with this project, the IEC Working Group is preparing the new standard for high current measurements. Copyright © 2007 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Commutation in the direct current machines with rolling current collecting

A mathematical model of the commutation process that occurs in a dc machine that uses rolling contacts is presented. Some results of investigations of the representing model are shown. The functionality of such machines is demonstrated.     

330 kV电流互感器电流异常故障分析

电流互感器是330 kV超高压电网中最重要的测量设备之一,其将系统中的大电流变换为仪表可直接测量的小电流,用于电能计量和保护控制.电流异常是较为常见的电流互感器故障,通过电流互感器的结构剖析分析了可能引起电流异常的原因,研究了因绝缘中出现分流通路导致二次电流偏小的机理.介绍了一起电流互感器电流异常故障的发现、检查和试验过程,研究了环氧浇注质量不良导致故障的原因,并最后提出了类似故障的防范措施和质量改进建议.     

Simulation of a differential current protection scheme involvingmultiple current transformers

Differential protection schemes for busbars, generators or transformers connect multiple current transformers in parallel across a common burden. This paper describes the techniques used to simulate such an arrangement and concentrates particularly on the three current transformer case     

计及涌流影响的零序电流保护风险评估

针对高压内置变压器空投导致零序电流保护误动的问题,从系统层面研究计及涌流影响的零序电流保护风险评估,以完善现有风险评估模型在涌流场景下未涉及盲区的不足。考虑影响涌流产生的多因素并非完全可得,提出了一种计及参量完备性的误动概率计算模型。在参量信息缺失不可得时,利用电网设备状态监测数据库中的数据补充计算,并分配相应的权重得到综合加权误动概率。在此基础上给出了具体风险指标和操作建议。通过具体的算例对所提出的风险评估方法进行展示,评估结果与实际运行中线路和母联动作结果一致。     

Multiband current transformers

The design and principle of action of the new multiband transformer of a current is considered in which the expansion of the top range of measurements is carried out by creation against a magnet driving force in the closed core.     

Simulation of slow current transients and current collapse in GaN FETs

Two-dimensional transient simulations of GaN MESFETs are performed in which a three-level compensation model is adopted for a semi-insulating buffer layer, where a shallow donor, a deep donor and a deep acceptor are considered. When the drain voltage V _D is raised abruptly (while keeping the gate voltage V _G constant), the drain current I _D overshoots the steady-state value, and when V _D is lowered abruptly, I _D remains a low value for some periods, showing drain-lag behavior. These are explained by the deep donor’s electron capturing and electron emission processes. We also calculate a case when both V _D and V _G are changed abruptly from an off point, and quasi-pulsed I-V curves are derived from the transient characteristics. It is shown that the drain currents in the pulsed I-V curves are rather lower than those in the steady state, indicating that so-called current collapse could occur due to deep levels in the semi-insulating buffer layer. It is also shown that the current collapse is more pronounced when V _D is lowered from a higher voltage during turn-on, because the trapping effects become more significant.