架空输电线路输电能力的研究

目前在我国的节能减排政策影响下,电源的发展方向有了巨大的改变,风力发电的凭借其可再生并且属于清洁能源的特性得到了越来越多的重视。风力发电在整个输电系统中的应用越来越普遍,但风力发电依旧有其不足之处,首先是风力发电对风速的要求比较严格,其本身所具有的不可控制性对输电线路的输电能力有很大的影响。因此,架空输电线路输电能力的研究已成为学术界关注的重点。     

特高压输电技术研究

对国外特高压输电技术的研究进行了系统的分析;对特高压输电的必要性进行了全面的论述;介绍了我国开展特高输电技术研究的情况和条件。     

分频输电与金沙江电力外送输电方案的经济技术比较

结合金沙江电力外送,对分频交流输电方式进行了规划设计,并且与直流和交流输电方式进行了经济技术比较。结果表明,分频交流输电方式不但可以大幅度提高输送功率,而且在经济性上非常优越,是一种很有发展前景的输电方式。     

提高输电能力为何使用特高压输电方式

1000千伏及以上的电压等级输电称为特高压输电。特高压输电是在超高压输电的基础上发展的，其目的仍是继续提高输电能力，实现大功率的中，远距离输电，以及实现远距离的电力系统互联，建成联合电力系统。     

小湾水电站直流输电电压等级探讨

云南小湾水电站总装机容量4200MW,将采用直流输电方式向广东送电,设计直流输电容量为3000MW,输电距离约1500km。根据国内外直流输电工程现状,结合直流输电线路的导线截面选择,对小湾水电站直流输电应采用±500kV还是±600kV电压等级向广东送电进行了研究,并对采用±600kV直流输电电压的可行性进行了分析。     

柔性分频输电系统可行性研究

提出了柔性分频输电系统的概念,对其构成、原理及系统的一些特性进行了初步探讨,在MATLAB Simulink环境下建立仿真模型进行仿真分析。结果显示柔性分频输电系统是分频输电技术和电力电子技术灵活、高效结合的有经济与技术优势的新型输电方案,特别在开发水电时有很好的应用前景,值得进一步深入研究。     

超高压输电的特点

回顾了超高压输电的发展过程并介绍了超高压输电的特点,得出其运行,维护完全不同于高压输电的结论。     

直流输电可靠性浅析

本文汇集了国外高压直流输电工程２０余年实际运行统计资料，对直流输电的可靠性进行了分析，并结合交流输电运行经验，对两种输电方式的可靠性进行综合比较，供电力系统规划方案比较参考     

电力市场中输电问题的研究

在电力市场环境下，输电网固有的物理特性与市场交易行为存在着一定的矛盾，合理解决输电问题是电力交易得以顺利、公平、公正地进行的关键所在。文中结合国内外的研究成果，针对电力市场环境下的输电问题进行了综合研究和分析，包括阻塞管理，输电定价和输电损失问题，特别是对上述问题的提出，解决方法以及最新的研究进展进行了详细的分析介绍，以促进对其公平合理的解决。     

电力市场环境下的输电定价问题

在我国进行电力工业市场化改革的环境下,本文借鉴国内外的一些输电定价方面的研究成果和经验,主要针对输电定价问题进行了论述和分析。首先,从输电定价问题的提出及其定价原则入手,对输电服务的特征、类别等问题进行了讨论,概述了输电服务的成本构成和各组成部分的成本计算方法。然后从三个分析角度对输电定价方法进行分类,同时也分析了一些典型的输电定价方法的优缺点,并列举了其在输电服务各组成部分的费用分摊方面的应用情况。其次,阐述了输电服务分析的过程,并结合国际上成功的输电定价机制以及我国当前电力市场改革情况,给出我国输电定价机制的建议。最后,指出了我国的输电定价研究的进展情况,并对输电定价问题研究的方向和内容作了展望。     

输电开放下基于交叉影响矩阵的损耗分摊方案研究

在输电开放的电力市场中，双边交易已成为电力市场中的重要行为。然而计算双边交易所引起的损耗，目前提出的方法均忽略了交易之间的相互影响。针对这一点，该文提出了一种基于交叉影响矩阵的损耗分摊方案。在该方案中提出了交叉影响矩阵，根据矩阵中的元素可以定量地分析交易之间的相互影响；通过交叉影响矩阵定性地分析了逆向流性质，提出了显逆向流、准逆向流和隐逆向流的概念并给出判据；在该文提出的损耗分摊方案中由于将交叉影响矩阵中的元素作为损耗分摊系数，因此其分摊结果可反映交易间的相互影响。通过IEEE-57母线标准测试系统演示了所提方案的计算过程。     

An overview on network cost allocation methods

This work is devoted to study and discuss the main methods to solve the network cost allocation problem both for generators and demands. From the presented, compared and discussed methods, the first one is based on power injections, the second deals with proportional sharing factors, the third is based upon Equivalent Bilateral Exchanges, the fourth analyzes the power flow sensitivity in relation to the power injected, and the last one is based on _Zbus$Z_{\text{bus}}$ network matrix. All the methods are initially illustrated using a 4-bus system. In addition, the IEEE 24-bus RTS system is presented for further comparisons and analysis. Appropriate conclusions are finally drawn.     

输电线路无功充电功率导致损耗的分摊问题

为了合理计算电源对输电线路的损耗系数，正确计及输电线路中由充电功率所导致损耗的分摊问题是必需的。在电流追踪法的基础上，并结合电力网络本身的特性对这一问题进行了分析。提出了两种可能的损耗分配原则，即：(1)电源i所应承担的输电线路j中由充电功率(包括线路j及其他输电线路的充电功率)所导致的损耗比例与其对输电线路j的损耗系数相同；(2)电源i所应承担的由输电线路j的充电功率(仅指线路j的充电功率)所导致的损耗(包括在输电线路j及其他输电线路中所导致的损耗)比例与其对输电线路j的损耗系数相同。     

A model for reactive power tracing by addition of fictitious nodal injections

This paper proposes an efficient solution to the problem of reactive power flow tracing in electrical transmission networks. For such systems, the tracing techniques used for active power flows cannot be used straightforwardly, due to reactive power variations induced by the line reactances, these variations often being comparable to the powers delivered to the loads. In other words, as is well known, in transmission systems the reactive flows are strongly influenced by the inductive and capacitive effects of the network, making the tracing of power flow and allocation of losses more critical. In this paper, after discussing some methodological aspects, an approach based on the use of transmission line models differentiated on the basis of the reactive behaviour of the lines is proposed. These models allow the power contributions due to reactive losses to be evaluated separately and compared to the flows exchanged between generators and loads; moreover, their application does not require the introduction of nodes or additional links, as is the case with other methods proposed in the literature. The proposed tracing technique is then presented; the method is straightforward and does not require the creation or inversion of matrices of participation factors. The paper concludes with two applications, a 4 node system and the IEEE test system with 30 nodes.     

Transmission usage cost allocation schemes

This paper presents different suggested transmission usage cost allocation (TCA) schemes to the system individuals. Different independent system operator (ISO) visions are presented using the proportional rata and flow-based TCA methods. There are two proposed flow-based TCA schemes (FTCA). The first FTCA scheme generalizes the equivalent bilateral exchanges (EBE) concepts for lossy networks through two-stage procedure. The second FTCA scheme is based on the modified sensitivity factors (MSF). These factors are developed from the actual measurements of power flows in transmission lines and the power injections at different buses. The proposed schemes exhibit desirable apportioning properties and are easy to implement and understand. Case studies for different loading conditions are carried out to show the capability of the proposed schemes for solving the TCA problem.     

Development of a new loss allocation method for a hybrid electricity market using graph theory

This paper introduces a new method for allocating losses in a power system using a loop-based representation of system behaviour. Using the new method, network behaviour is formulated as a series of presumed power transfers directly between market participants. In contrast to many existing loss allocation methods, this makes it easier to justify the resulting loss distribution. In addition to circumventing the problems of non-unique loss allocations, a formalised process of loop identification, using graph theory concepts, is introduced. The proposed method is applied to both the IEEE 14-bus system and a modified CIGRE Nordic 32-bus system. The results provide a demonstration of the capability of the proposed method to allocate losses in the hybrid market, and demonstrate the approach's capacity to link the technical performance of the network to market instruments.     

Transmission Cost Allocation Based on Data Envelopment Analysis and Cooperative Game Method

Transmission cost allocation is a traditional but challenging problem in electric power industries. Many factors can affect the transmission cost allocation. But most traditional allocation methods focus on just one point. The Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) approach has the characteristic of multi-criterion. It can overcome the drawbacks of traditional allocation methods. This paper combines the game theory and DEA approach to solve the problem of transmission cost allocation. In order to take various key points of power transmission into account, three criterions are proposed. These criterions reflect the effect of load demand, transmission line usage and marginal cost on transmission cost allocation. Nucleolus and Shapley value are used to solve the DEA game programming. For measuring the fairness of the transmission cost allocation methods, this paper proposes an algorithm to evaluate the satisfaction of users with the different allocation methods. The DEA game approach is applied to IEEE 14-bus system. The results which are compared with that of other three traditional allocation methods demonstrate the applicability of the proposed method.     

市场机制下机组启动费用的分摊研究

尝试运用基于合作博弈的成本分摊理论来分摊机组启动费用。研究了机组启动费用分摊的核的存在性问题,并指出该分摊不一定是凸博弈。分析了核仁分摊法和Shapley值分摊法的特点和适用范围,对比了两者的优缺点。此外,对机组空载费用的分摊问题也进行了有益的探索。文中,提出采用分时段分摊法和整体分摊法两种方法来分摊多时段的机组启动费用,并对比研究了两者的分摊结果。所提出的分摊方法与现有方法相比,在分摊合理性和公平性方面存在理论上的优势。数值算例结果表明,提出的分摊方法是公平、有效的。     

基于帕累托改进准则的输电扩展规划

在电力工业放松管制的环境下,输电扩展规划问题将会变得更为复杂.作者引入了帕累托最优、帕累托改进和社会福利等经济学概念,试图从根本上探索市场环境下输电扩展规划所应遵循的经济准则.基于帕累托改进的准则,提出了一种输电扩展模型.该模型涉及电力市场机制和输电成本分摊方案等因素.在节点边际定价的市场机制下,提出了三个简单的输电成本分摊方案.为了展示所建模型及所提出的输电成本分摊方案的内涵和特点,对一个六节点系统算例进行了详尽的分析.     

电力市场下网损分摊策略综述

综合分析和研究了国内外电力市场中网损分摊面临的问题，提出了电力市场下网损分摊的基本思想和原则，介绍了国内外目前采用的三种基本分摊方法，分析了近期国内外有关网损分摊方法的最新研究成果。最后，对中国电力市场下网损分摊方法提出了建议。