共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 140 毫秒
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质子交换膜燃料电池的开发和应用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
简述了质子交换膜燃料电池的发展历史、工作原理、商业应用进展和与其它燃料电池性能的对比。质子交换膜燃料电池是最具商业前景的电动车电源,目前急需解决成本高和车载燃料和贮氢等技术问题。近10年内,该电池有望取得实质性进展。 相似文献
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燃料电池的原理、技术状态与展望 总被引:16,自引:0,他引:16
论述了燃料电池的工作原理、综述了各种类型燃料电池的发展状态;介绍了中国科学院大连化学物理研究所自70年代以来进行燃料电池研究的概况,着重介绍了该所质子交换膜燃料电池的关键材料与部件制备技术,电池组技术、电池组性能与电池系统的应用情况,回顾了燃料电池的发展历程,指出燃料电池技术发展与其它学科的关系,提出了产业化的发展方向。 相似文献
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质子交换膜燃料电池具有高效、环保等诸多优点,被认为是最有可能商业化应用的新型能源,广泛应用于航天、军事和交通等领域。目前制约质子交换膜燃料电池规模化应用的主要原因除了成本和寿命两大问题之外,体积和质量也是考虑较多的因素,特别是针对轻量化设计的汽车动力源和个人电子消费品的可移动电源的需求,开发轻质、便携和小型化质子交换膜燃料电池日趋成为近年来的研究重点和热点。详细介绍了目前国内外主要研究机构在这方面的最新研究动态,重点从质子交换膜燃料电池关健材料的应用、结构设计和工艺方法等方面展开讨论;提出了质子交换膜燃料电池轻量化设计过程中重点解决的技术问题及其发展趋势。 相似文献
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质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)的实验性能研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
简单地回顾了然料电池(Fuel Cell)的发展历史,简述了质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)的工作原理,对质子交换膜燃料电池的性能进行了一系列的实验研究,用测定电压-电流曲线的方法研究了质子交换膜燃料电池的性能特点以及温度和压力对电池性能的影响. 相似文献
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近年来,质子交换膜燃料电池技术随着新研究方法的出现得到了快速的发展。对质子交换膜退化机理的深入理解及对质子交换膜寿命及长期性能的改善已成为质子交换膜燃料电池商业化的前提。因此,相关研究成为目前燃料电池研究的热点。综述了全氟磺酸质子交换膜物理、化学退化机理方面的研究进展及近年来在提高质子交换膜耐久性方面的研究工作。 相似文献
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Power Conversion and Control for Fuel Cell Systems in Transportation and Stationary Power Generation
Kaushik Rajashekara 《电力部件与系统》2015,43(12):1376-1387
Abstract—Fuel cells are being explored for several applications, such as transportation, microgrids, back-up power, grid-connected and stationary power generation, portable appliances, etc. Fuel cells are preferred because of their secured and continuous output, zero or low emissions, and high efficiency. This article presents a review of the power conversion and control strategies for fuel cell systems for transportation and stationary power generation. The control characteristics and properties of fuel cells being used in these applications are discussed. A few power conversion system architectures for propulsion and power generation are presented. The present status and future strategies for advancement of fuel cell based systems are also presented. 相似文献
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磷酸燃料电池(PAFC)电站技术的发展、现状和展望 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
近年来全世界都面临着能源问题和环境问题.燃料电池由于其燃料利用率高、对环境污染小的特点,成为理想的清洁、高效发电方式.磷酸燃料电池(PAFC)发电技术,在目前燃料电池电站中技术最成熟,发展最快.文中报道国外磷酸燃料电池(PAFC)电站技术的发展、现状和展望. 相似文献
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针对低温型燃料电池运行状态对电池性能和寿命的影响,建立了基于机理的质子交换膜燃料电池的电气模型,给出了采用电化学方程的质子交换膜燃料电池半物理混合发电系统电气特性的模型结构、优化、仿真和实验,为低温型燃料电池混合发电系统的研究提供了一个实际工程应用模型。 相似文献
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燃料电池的历史、现状和未来 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
分两个阶段概述了燃料电池的历史及现状:即(1)实验室研究阶段,从1840年戈洛夫(W R Grove)发明氢氧气体电池开始至1952年培根(F T Bacon)研制成功具有实用性的培根氢氧电池并获得专利止,约:100余年的主要发展情况。(2)实用性研究开发阶段,从20世纪60年代开始并延续至今。简要介绍了燃料电池在航天、发电站、电动汽车及便携式电源等应用领域的开发现状。最后提出了对各类燃料电池开发应用前景的看法。 相似文献
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新世纪能源之星--燃料电池--希望与挑战 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
介绍了燃料电池的主要种类、工作原理、基本特点、应用领域、研究现状和存在的主要问题等,展望了燃料电池的发展前景和面临的挑战。燃料电池面临的主要挑战是制造成本、寿命、可靠性、比功率及效率等,其中成本是最重要的指标。燃料电池是一门学科交叉很强的应用技术研究, 它涉及到电化学、材料科学、材料加工技术、固体力学、流体力学、密封技术、控制工程、结构优化设计等诸多学科的问题,各个学科人才的相互协调和配合是燃料电池能真正从实验室走向市场的关键问题之一。 相似文献
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In this paper, development and simulation of an efficient small-scale centralized dc-bus grid connected hybrid wind/photovoltaic/fuel cell for supplying power to a low voltage distribution system are presented. The hybrid system consists of wind and photovoltaic as a primary power system. A fuel cell is added as a secondary system to ensure continuous power supply and to take care of the intermittent nature of wind and photovoltaic. The objective of this study is to design and control a hybrid system that guarantees the energy continuity. A simple control method is applied to the proposed configuration to simultaneously achieve three desired goals: to extract maximum power from each hybrid power system component; to guarantee dc bus voltage regulation at the input of the inverter; and to transfer the total produced power to the grid at unity power factor, while fulfilling all necessary interconnection requirements. The power fluctuation of the proposed hybrid system has been reduced as compared to that of each individual system and it has been completely suppressed using the FC system. The simulation results indicate that the dc-dc converters are very effective in tracking the maximum power of the wind and photovoltaic sources, the fuel cell controller responds efficiently to the deficit power demands. With both wind and photovoltaic systems operating at their rated capacity, the system can generate power as high as 2 kW and the fuel cell does not need to be utilized in such cases. 相似文献
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高温燃料电池发电系统模拟 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
介绍了固体氧化物燃料电池的工作原理和发电系统组成,并用稳态模拟软件Aspen Plus对发电系统进行模拟,估算的输入数据及模拟结果与国外类似系统的实验数据非常接近,说明模拟是成功的,为进一步优化燃料电池发电系统奠定了基础。 相似文献
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A hybrid power system consists of a combination of two or more power generation technologies to make best use of their operating characteristics and to obtain efficiencies higher than that could be obtained from a single power source. Since fuel cells directly convert fuel and an oxidant into electricity through an electrochemical process, they produce very low emissions and have higher operating efficiencies. Hence, combining fuel cells with other sources, the efficiency of the combined system can be further increased or extend the duration of the available power to the load as a backup power. In this paper, different types of fuel-cell hybrid systems and their applications are presented. An analysis of the combined cycle operation of a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC)-microturbine is presented. A strategy for combining the thermophotovoltaic power generation unit and SOFC to obtain the hybrid power system that would have higher efficiency is proposed. The hybrid operation of wind power and solar power system with proton exchange membrane fuel cell is also presented. 相似文献