一种基于直流电容取电的多电平变流器电容动态均压方法

多电平变流器的电容电压不均问题影响装置容量利用率、稳定运行以及电能质量。提出一种基于直流电容取电的多电平变流器动态电阻均压装置及控制方法。该装置由低压金属氧化物半导体场效应管（metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor,MOSFET）与电阻串联构成动态均压电阻,通过宽范围电压输入型DC-DC电源从直流电容获取功率,并采用滞回比较、占空比控制等方法控制低压MOSFET的开通和关断,实现多电平变流器各电容电压的动态均衡控制。该装置增加的成本较低,控制方法较为简单,易于实现,适用于各种多电平变流器结构,通用性较强。基于PSCAD/EMTDC的仿真表明,提出的动态电阻均压装置和控制方法能够良好地实现多电平变流器直流电容的动态均压控制。     

A comprehensive modeling framework for dynamic and steady-state analysis of voltage droop control strategies in HVDC grids

This paper presents a comprehensive modeling framework to analyze and compare the performance of different voltage droop control characteristics in an HVDC grid. All models are fully derived mathematically, both for dynamic simulations and for steady-state power flow analysis. The main contribution lies in the development of a common modeling and control approach for the different droop-based control schemes that have been presented in the literature. The discussion includes power- and current-based droop control, either in their standard form or combined with a deadband, a constant voltage control or consisting of different slopes. Dynamic simulations show that, when applying a comparable underlying dynamic converter control framework, similar dynamic responses can be expected from the different droop control schemes, while the steady-state voltage deviations and power sharing after a contingency are different. A comparison with results from a full-detailed power flow implementation shows that these voltage deviations and power sharing can accurately be predicted by the derived steady-state power flow models, thereby avoiding the need for time-consuming dynamic simulations.     

一种基于占空比控制技术的异步电机直接转矩控制方案

文中提出了一种新的基于占空比控制技术的异步电机直接转矩控制方案。传统直接转矩控制的缺点之一是输出转矩波动较大。占空比控制技术通过在每个采样周期中插入零电压矢量来减小转矩的波动。文中将合成电压矢量的思想引入到占空比控制技术中。推导得出了瞬时转矩改变量与合成电压矢量的关系，合成电压矢量与所选电压矢量及其占空比的关系。联立这两个条件，求解出了占空比的计算公式。最后，对所提出的直接转矩控制算法进行了仿真试验。仿真结果表明，该方案可以大大减小输出转矩的波动。     

整流级无零矢量TSMC输入功率因数的研究

根据整流级无零矢量TSMC输入功率因数控制的要求,推导了占空比的数学表达式.提出应用参考输入电压矢量来实现占空比的控制.依据整流级输出电压为正的条件,推导了输入功率因数角的范围.并用PSIM仿真软件对TSMC的调制策略进行验证,仿真结果表明了理论分析的正确性,为TSMC的实现提供一定的理论依据.     

基于空间电压矢量的变频器能量回馈系统研究

提出了一种新型的基于空间电压矢量脉宽调制(Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation,简称SVPWM)的整流器定频控制方案,通过理论分析得出了整流器工作在整流状态和逆变状态下实现SVPWM调制的统一占空比计算公式.将PWM整流器用作变频器的前级整流电路,以TMS320LF2407A DSP为内核搭建硬件电路,完成了变频器的能量双向流动实验.实验结果表明,该系统不仅可以使能量双向流动,实现变频器能量回馈,而且能够有效地抑制注入电网的谐波,实现网侧单位功率因数控制,使网侧电流连续,且为正弦波.     

含恒功率负荷直流微电网的状态反馈电压振荡控制技术

扰动发生后新能源发电和恒功率负荷侧换流器在现有功率控制模式下所表现出的负阻抗特性,会大幅增加直流电压振荡失稳的风险.为此,首先针对直流电压振荡失稳的问题,推导含恒功率负荷两端直流微电网的小扰动线性化状态方程.其次,结合各状态变量的参与因子,选取振荡电流、电压作为可调节控制参数,将其分别引入储能换流器与恒功率负荷换流器的占空比反馈环节中,提出基于状态反馈的多端直流电压振荡控制方法.然后,利用根轨迹、Bode图分析附加状态反馈电压振荡控制技术后的直流微电网稳定裕度的变化规律,为控制参数设计提供依据.最后,搭建时域仿真系统,验证了所提出的控制方法可有效抑制直流微电网的电压振荡,显著提高系统的动态稳定性.     

动态电压恢复器的双前馈控制策略研究

采用基于电网电压前馈的开环控制时,动态电压恢复器(DVR)动态响应速度快,但负载电压受负载电流影响较大;用比例积分(PI)调节器实现闭环控制可以减小这一影响,但动态响应速度变慢,且负载电压受电网电压影响变大。提出把负载电压看作DVR的控制对象,桥式电路中开关器件的占空比看作控制量,电网电压和负载电流看作干扰量,根据数学模型分析出被控对象不仅受控制量控制,而且受2个干扰量的影响。结合不同控制策略中控制量的计算方法,推导出各种控制策略下系统的传递函数,分析可知系统存在稳态误差的原因在于2个干扰量的影响。基于此,提出同时利用电网电压前馈和负载电流前馈的双前馈开环控制方法,既保持了开环控制动态响应速度快的优点,也可基本消除电网电压和负载电流对负载电压的影响。为避免电流前馈微分环节噪声影响,设计了用负载电压估计负载电流的估算方法。仿真结果验证了理论分析的正确性。     

A Simple Control Scheme for the High Performance Z-Source Inverter

In the past decade, the Z-source inverter (ZSI) is successfully developed for many applications. This paper proposes a simple integrated control scheme for the high performance ZSI. A proportional-integral PI controller is used to regulate the voltage of the Z-network capacitor. Moreover, the peak value of the DC-link voltage is controlled by limiting the shoot-through duty ratio. Furthermore, the instantaneous voltage control technique is utilized to retain the sinusoidal shape of the output voltage. A feed-forward signal of the AC voltage is employed to smooth the output voltage. To generate the PWM signals for the ZSI switches, the simple boost control method is utilized which coordinates the operation of different controllers. Extensive digital simulations are conducted to evaluate the dynamic behavior of the proposed control scheme. Moreover, an experimental setup is built to verify the performance of the proposed control scheme for the high performance ZSI.     

考虑谐波特性的Boost变换器动态相量模型

基于动态相量法建立了考虑谐波特性的Boost变换器动态相量模型，从理论角度论证了Boost变换器中的电感电流近似为锯齿波的合理性，通过对状态方程降阶，避免了直接采用时域微分方程进行动态相量运算所引起的状态方程阶数过高的问题。占空比不变、占空比跃变和输入电压跃变3种情况下的仿真结果表明该模型具有时不变、非线性的动态特性，具有精度高、误差小、仿真速度快等优点，能较好地分析电力电子装置的暂态过程。     

DC-bus voltage control of three-phase AC/DC PWM converters usingfeedback linearization

In this paper, a fast voltage control strategy of three-phase AC/DC pulsewidth modulation (PWM) converters applying a feedback linearization technique is proposed. First, incorporating the power balance of the input and output sides in system modeling, a nonlinear model of the PWM converter is derived with state variables such as AC input currents and DC output voltage. Then, by input-output feedback linearization, the system is linearized and a state feedback control law is obtained by pole placement. With this control scheme, output voltage responses become faster than those in a conventional cascade control structure. For robust control to parameter variations, integrators are added to the exact feedback control law. Since the fast voltage control is feasible for load changes, it is shown that the DC electrolytic capacitor size can be reduced. In addition, the capacitor current is analyzed for size reduction of the capacitor. As is usual with PWM converters, the input current is regulated to be sinusoidal and the source power factor can be controlled at unity. The experimental results are provided to verify the validity of the proposed control algorithm for a 1.5 kVA insulated gate bipolar transistor PWM converter system