多最小支持度的加权关联规则挖掘算法

针对数据集中交易记录和数据项的重要性不同问题,提出了一种多最小支持度的加权关联规则挖掘算法,允许用户设定多个最小支持度,给出交易记录不同的权重,从而发现有价值的关联规则。该算法按项目的最小支持度升序对交易记录进行分类,按类别依次求出每一类别内的加权频繁集。在挖掘过程中由于剔除了冗余项目并对相同项集累加计数,且不需多次重复扫描数据库,从而提高了挖掘效率。实验结果表明,新算法能有效地从数据集中挖掘出加权关联规则。     

基于粗糙集和Apriori算法的冰川编目数据的关联规则挖掘

针对冰川编目数据的挖掘．人为给定的支持度和可信度的阈值导致挖掘出大量没有意义的关联规则。提出将粗糙集的属性重要性和属性值在事务数据库中的概率相结合方法。首先使用粗糙集方法求知识系统中各属性的重要度．然后再求出具体的属性值在知识系统中的概率．最后将重要度和概率相结合得到频繁项目集的权值．通过对项目集权值的平均加权计算．来动态改变Apriori算法的最小支持度和最小可信度．不仅提高模型的效率,而且将其应用于冰川编目数据的挖掘．挖掘出冰川的特征、海拔的关联关系。     

基于最大值约束的模糊关联规则挖掘

数据挖掘是从数据库中发现潜在有用知识或者感兴趣模式的过程。在数据挖掘领域中主要集中于单一支持度下的关联规则挖掘,在事务数据库中发现项目之间的关联性,而在实际应用中,项目可以有不同的最小支持度,不同的项目可能具有不同的标准去判断其重要性,因此提出一个在最大值支持度约束下,发现有用的模糊关联规则挖掘算法,在该约束下,利用逐层搜索的迭代方法发现频繁项目集,通过实例证明了该挖掘算法是易于理解和有意义的,具有很好的效率。     

基于Apriori算法的关联规则挖掘研究

本文提出一种基于兴趣集和权的算法（IWA）,由用户提出他们感兴趣的项目并在数据库中找出与之相关的项目,通过给每个项目赋以不同权值来标识项目不同的重要性,从而可以挖掘出Apriori算法挖不出但却极具价值的规则。     

基于多最小支持度的多层模糊关联规则挖掘

为了在事务数据库中发现关联规则,在现实挖掘应用中,经常采用不同的标准去判断不同项目的重要性,管理项目之间的分类关系和处理定量数据集这3个方法去处理问题,因此提出一个在定量事务数据库中采用多最小支持度,在项目集中获取隐含知识的多层模糊关联规则挖掘算法。该挖掘算法使用两种支持度约束和至上而下逐步细化的方法推导出频繁项集,同时可以发现交叉层次的模糊关联规则。通过实例证明了该挖掘算法在多最小支持度约束下推导出的多层模糊关联规则是易于理解和有意义的,具有很好的效率和伸缩性。     

使用多支持度的关联规则分类算法

传统关联分类算法使用单一最小项目支持度挖掘关联规则,导致稀有项关联规则无法被发现,从而影响分类的准确性和实用性。提出一种多支持度关联规则分类算法MS-CBAR(Multiple Supports-Classification Based on Association Rules),将多最小项目支持度模型应用于关联分类,以有效挖掘稀有项。该算法为数据库中的规则项提供了用户可定义的最小项目支持度。MS-CBAR算法使用项的最小项支持度阈值、类的最小类支持度值和规则项的最小支持度值决定分类规则是否频繁。生成分类规则集后,使用最高优先度规则覆盖法基于规则集建立分类器。实验表明,所提算法在包含稀有项目及稀有类的数据集中准确率高于传统关联分类算法及其相关算法,表现更稳定。     

基于Apriori的有效关联规则挖掘算法的研究

通过对Apriori算法进行的分析与研究,发现其在实用中存在两个主要问题:生成的关联规则具有相当大的冗余性;有可能挖掘出一条支持度和置信度均很高,但却是无趣的、甚至是虚假的关联规则,且不能产生带有否定项的规则。鉴于此,该文给出了关联规则的两个性质和引入兴趣度的第三个度量———相关支持度,设计了挖掘出有效关联规则算法,较好地解决了上述问题。     

关联规则的增量式更新算法

关联规则的开采是一个重要的数据开采问题.目前已经提出了许多算法用于高效地发现大规模数据库中的关联规则，而对关联规则维护问题的研究工作却很少.在用户开采关联规则的交互过程中，为了找到真正令其感兴趣的规则，用户将需要不断调整两个描述用户兴趣程度的阈值：最小支持度和最小可信度.本文提出了两种增量式更新算法——IUA(incremental updating algorithm)和PIUA(parallel incremental updating algorithm),用来解决这一关联规则高效维护问题.     

基于多最小支持度的空间关联规则发现

空间关联规则挖掘可应用于发现空间数据库中大量空间谓词与非空间谓词之间的特定空间关系。论文针对区县道路交通数据提出了一种基于多最小支持度的空间关联规则挖掘算法,并给出了在GIS中进行空间关联规则挖掘的一般方法和流程。该挖掘算法可以从城市道路地理信息数据库中发现用户感兴趣的空间关联规则,经实际应用于城市道路规划管理系统,证明该算法是有效、可行的。     

基于多最小支持度的空间关联规则发现

空间关联规则挖掘可应用于发现空间数据库中大量空间谓词与非空间谓词之间的特定空间关系。论文针对区县道路交通数据提出了一种基于多最小支持度的空间关联规则挖掘算法,并给出了在GIS中进行空间关联规则挖掘的一般方法和流程。该挖掘算法可以从城市道路地理信息数据库中发现用户感兴趣的空间关联规则,经实际应用于城市道路规划管理系统,证明该算法是有效、可行的。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate