一种用于流媒体的附网缓存方案

网络缓存是提高流媒体服务质量的一种有效方法，但现有的代理缓存技术并不能很好地适用于流媒体。基于附网存储技术提出了一种用于流媒体的附网缓存方案。通过将流媒体缓存到作为附网存储设备的缓存服务器上，并由之为后来的用户请求提供服务，可以缩短启动延迟，减轻代理服务器负载和远程网络负载。同时，还讨论了与附网缓存相关的设计问题。     

紧耦合的流媒体缓存代理协作机制研究

位于因特网骨干网和同一接入网之间的流媒体缓存代理服务器相互协作，可以提高缓存命中率，保持负载平衡。该文提出了一种共享缓存空间的紧耦合的多代理服务器协作机制，给出了多代理协作的缓存替换策略和负载平衡算法。通过NS2模拟验证，该机制可以使系统保持更好的性能。     

基于代理的流媒体动态共享缓存算法研究*

研究了代理服务器在流媒体传输和缓存方面对于网络带宽的消耗以及在缓存过程中内存分配和管理等方面存在的问题;在分析了现有的流媒体代理缓存技术的基础上,提出了基于代理服务器的流媒体动态共享缓存(DSB)算法.分析和实验结果表明,与现有的缓存技术相比,DSB算法能够有效地提高缓冲区的利用率,节省代理服务器的内存资源,节省网络带宽,同时能够为更多的客户端请求提供服务,并且可以有效地缩短请求延时.     

具有高缓存写入效率的流媒体分段缓存方法

流媒体代理服务器缓存是能有效降低网络传输负载的技术．长时间持续和大传输码率的两个流媒体访同特点使得流媒体代理服务器面临的负载问题十分严峻．流媒体缓存方法是流媒体代理服务器的核心组成，其引发的缓存写入操作数量对代理服务器负载有着重要的影响．文中从流媒体缓存的执行特点人手，给出了一种高网络传输减少效果和低缓存写入负载的流媒体分段缓存方法．缓存写入与访问热度相结合是该缓存方法的主要特点．在实验测试中证明了该缓存方法相比目前减少网络传输最好的Adaptive ＆ Lazy缓存方法能减少2／3的缓存写入负载，并能获得同样的网络传输减少效果．     

一种基于流行度和分段适应性的流媒体缓存算法

为提高流媒体代理服务器的缓存效率,提出一种基于流行度和分段适应性的流媒体缓存策略。该策略在主流分段缓存替换算法的基础上充分考虑了用户的访问特性,采取基于片段流行度的分段缓存管理策略,将媒体对象内部两点流行度的因素纳入缓存替换策略,改善了流媒体缓存管理的效率、提高了缓存的命中率。利用实际用户访问数据,将该算法与等长分段的缓存算法和指数分段的缓存算法进行了比较,仿真结果证明该算法可以在获得与这些算法相近的请求延迟率的条件下,取得最高的字节命中率。     

基于RTP报文修改的单一流映像机制研究与实现

随着因特网流媒体应用的日益普及和流行，流媒体缓存代理技术逐渐成为近年来研究的热点。本文对实现流媒体缓存代理服务器的核心技术--单一流映像机制进行了理论上的分析和探讨；并结合实际项目研究，提出了RTP协议报文修改算法，通过在流媒体缓存代理服务器端采用该算法，成功实现了单一流映像机制。实际测试结果表明，这种基
于报文修改算法的单一流映像机制十分有效。     

基于集群的流媒体缓存代理服务器体系结构

提出了基于集群的流媒体缓存代理服务器体系结构，并将基于内容的前端机负载平衡调度策略引入到流媒体缓存代理服务器的架构设计中，对系统设计原理及各组成模块结构和各模块间的消息通信机制进行了详细的分析阐述，主要采用C和C++语言在Linux操作系统下实现了原型系统，通过对原型系统进行测试，表明整个系统设计合理，性能突出，具有良好的稳定性和可扩展性。     

基于最小效用的流媒体缓存替换算法

提出最小缓存替换算法SCU-K，综合考虑流媒体文件最近K次访问情况，使缓存大小动态适应媒体流行度、字节有用性和已缓存部分大小的变化，降低了文件前缀部分被替换的概率，避免LRU和LFU算法中出现的媒体文件被连续替换的问题。在与LRU，LFU和LRU-2算法的对比实验中，SCU-K算法在提高缓存空间利用率、字节命中率和降低启动延迟方面具有更好的性能。     

针对固定码率(CBR)流媒体的动态替换算法(DRA)

流媒体代理服务器缓存是针对流媒体访问的一项技术,能有效的提高流媒体访问质量。缓存算法是缓存代理服务器的重要技术组成部分,包括缓存保存方式、替换算法及进入策略三个方面。文中将介绍一套针对固定码率(CBR)流媒体的缓存算法,在包含码率分级保存方法的同时,使用了包含流媒体缓存基本特性的动态替换算法(DRA,Dynamic Replication Algorithm)。     

一种基于部分访问特性的CDN流媒体内容改进分发策略

分析用户对流媒体文件的部分访问特性,以同一流媒体文件不同部分流行度为依据,对传统的CDN中流媒体文件等长分段策略做出改进;依据不同类型流媒体文件的流行度,对CDN中流媒体文件所的采用主动"推送"策略进行了改进,提出一种基于部分访问特性依概率的流媒体主动"推送"策略。最后通过仿真实验,证明改进后的分发策略可以有效地降低中心源服务器的负载,提高代理服务器缓存空间的利用率。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate