高灵敏NO_2气体光纤传感器

高灵敏NO2气体光纤传感器是基于方块菁染料的荧光强度在微量NO2气体中发生猝灭特性。通过实验得到SQ3块菁染料在不同NO2气体浓度下的荧光光谱特性。     

基于分布反馈式半导体激光器的光纤甲烷传感器

简介了一种基于分布反馈式半导体激光器(DFBLD)的光纤甲烷气体传感器,在甲烷气体光谱吸收的基础上,利用差分吸收技术,实现瓦斯浓度在线检测.还介绍了DFBLD工作原理,给出了初步的实验性设想.对此光纤甲烷气体传感器只要稍加改进或换上其它附件,即可测量其它多种气体的浓度,在气体浓度测量领域,具有很好的应用前景.     

一种检测NO气体的光纤传感系统

建立了一套对 ＮＯ气体检测的光纤传感器系统,得到了ＮＯ气体对光的吸收谱和光波长为 ４００ｎｍ时不同气体体积分数的吸收特性,实验结果表明在一定条件下ＮＯ气体体积分数与系统的输出信号成线性关系。该系统的响应迅速,恢复时间短。     

基于光纤束反射驱动的氢气浓度监测系统设计

空气中泄露的氢气浓度达到4%就变得易燃易爆,常规的氢气传感器主要是使用电化学传感器,潜在的电磁干扰与电火花会极易将空气中的氢气引爆,氢气检测的安全性与实时性难以保证;提出基于反射式光纤束氢气传感器的氢气浓度实时检测方法,建立反射式光纤束传感器氢气检测的数学模型,对传感器输出的微弱电流设计了低噪声、抗干扰的调理电路,基于ARMS3C2410设计了系统的硬件支撑电路完成各种扩展功能;在传感器输出信号中使用粒子群优化方法对输出进行精度补偿;实验证明,系统能在40s内对超浓度的氢气进行报警,交叉气体的检测准确度高达98%,具有很强的实用性。     

基于差分吸收检测技术的非色散红外SF6传感器

基于非色散红外吸收原理,以电调制红外光源、采样气室和双元红外探测器组成的红外传感模块为核心,利用差分吸收检测技术设计了一种小型化高性能的SF6气体传感器.利用标准气体进行浓度标定,拟合了SF6气体浓度与电压关系曲线,实现了对SF6气体浓度的准确检测.根据传感器检测误差随环境温度变化的规律,系统研究了温度补偿方法,有效提高了传感器在不同温度下的检测精度.实验结果表明,该传感器系统在环境温度10℃~40℃、气体浓度0~2500×10-6范围内的检测精度小于±50×10-6,分辨率为1×10-6,系统响应时间小于5 s,具有良好的重复性和稳定性.     

一种混合气体与温度同时检测的传感器阵列

针对主要烟气污染物气体一氧化氮NO/二氧化硫SO₂监测存在的温漂大、温度补偿系统体积大、成本高的问题,采用MEMS工艺,研制了一种三电极碳纳米管传感器阵列。该阵列由三个不同极间距的传感器构成,分别检测NO、SO₂浓度及温度。研究了极间距、气体浓度和温度对传感器的影响,分析了传感器对气体浓度和温度的敏感机理。三个传感器在不同的气体浓度、不同的温度下,具有不同的单值敏感特性。传感器重复性好、灵敏度高;阵列可以不分离混合气体,直接检测NO、SO₂成分及温度,具有温度补偿的功能,能够用于解决烟气污染物检测在工作温度变化时存在的误报问题。     

有害气体检测的光纤传感技术发展

光纤气体传感器具有易于小型化、可遥测、灵敏度高、响应快等诸多优点.根据传感原理,概述了有害气体检测的光纤传感器,包括折射率变化型光纤气体传感器、倏逝波光纤气体传感器、表面等离子共振光纤气体传感器、光声光纤气体传感器、多孔光纤气体传感器,以及吸收型光纤气体传感器、荧光型光纤气体传感器、染料指示剂型光纤气体传感器.简要介绍了光纤气体传感器的发展.     

一种AlN基陶瓷微热板NO2气体传感器研究

针对传统硅基微热板半导体气体传感器存在的热稳定性差,工艺复杂等难点,采用良好热导特性的AlN陶瓷为衬底,利用柔性机械剥离工艺和半导体材料In2O3/Nb2O5/Pt厚膜工艺制备了NO2微热板气体传感器.传感器中间加热区周围采用热隔离结构设计,降低了加热区温度分布梯度,提高了温度效率.利用ANSYS有限元工具进行了热结构仿真分析和响应测试分析,验证了热隔离结构设计的合理性.气敏测试分析表明,传感器在不同加热功率条件下,对5×10-6~100×10-6的NO2气体都具有良好的气敏响应特性,经对比分析,在功率150 mW~200 mW时稳定性最佳,且响应速率小于60 s,恢复时间在100 s左右,可实现5×10-6~100×10-6浓度的NO2气体良好检测功能.     

PPB级锆基安培型NO气体传感器性能的研究

采用丝网印刷技术制备了以In2O3为敏感电极的锆基安培型三电极NO传感器用以探测10-9级NO气体。用X射线衍射仪（XRD）和扫描电镜（SEM）对该传感器进行了理化分析;通过测量其在不同温度和不同NO浓度的气氛中的伏安特性曲线和时间响应曲线,研究了传感器的电流输出信号和NO浓度的关系以及时间响应特性。实验表明：在350℃~500℃测试温度范围内,极化电压为-60 mV,NO浓度变化为0~900×10-9时传感器响应电流的变化值Δcurrent和NO浓度之间存在较好的线性关系并且传感器在400℃时响应值最大。在被测气体总流量为100 cm3/min时,传感器信号90%的响应和恢复时间分别为18 s和12 s。传感器信号不受CO2浓度变化的影响,传感器的响应信号在测试时间里具有较好短期稳定性,但长期稳定性有待进一步提高。本文还采用阻抗谱分析方法对传感器的响应机理进行了初步的探索。     

差动吸收式SO2光纤传感器的研究

本文基于气体的窄带光吸收特性 ,研究了 SO2 气体浓度与载波光强的关系 ,在此基础上 ,设计了一种检测该气体浓度的差动光纤传感器及其系统 ,对改善仪器精度等特性指标的主要因素进行分析。实验结果表明该仪器具有较高的灵敏度和精度。     

吸收式环境气体光纤传感器

介绍了用差动吸收法测量气体浓度的光纤遥测系统，并用可见光吸收实现对ＮＯ２浓度测量和用近红外光吸收实现ＣＨ４浓度测量。大气和工业污染环境中的其它气体分子浓度也可用类似方法测量。     

八异戊氧基酞菁铅旋涂膜对NO2的气敏性研究

为了筛选性能优良的酞菁类气敏性材料,设计合成了可溶性的八异戊氧基酞菁铅.利用旋涂技术制备了较理想的八异戊氧基酞菁铅旋涂膜,研究了八异戊氧基酞菁铅旋涂膜对NO2气体的敏感特性.研究表明,室温下八异戊氧基酞菁铅旋涂膜对NO2表现出良好的敏感性,响应浓度为5 mg·m-3,响应恢复较快,对浓度为40 mg·m-3的响应时间为30 s,恢复时间为1.5 min,并且该旋涂膜对NO2气体表现出较理想的可逆性、稳定性和选择性.     

Optical fiber-based evanescent ammonia sensor

An optical fiber-based evanescent gaseous ammonia sensor is designed and developed. The sensing dye, bromocresol purple (BCP), is immobilized in the substitutional cladding using sol–gel process. The sensing properties of the optical fiber sensor to gaseous ammonia at room temperature are presented. This newly developed ammonia sensor exhibits good reversibility and repeatability. The effect of different carrier gases, argon, nitrogen, and air on sensing properties of the ammonia sensor is investigated. The sensor with air as carrier gas has the best response time and sensitivity. In order to improve the response time of the optical fiber evanescent ammonia sensor, an elevated ambient temperature is applied and thoroughly investigated. A fast response time of 10 s was obtained at 55.5 °C with the carrier gas of air or argon. These experimental results have demonstrated that a fast response optical fiber evanescent gaseous ammonia sensor can be constructed by applying slightly elevated ambient temperature.     

Using a PEDOT:PSS modified electrode for detecting nitric oxide gas

PEDOT:PSS thick films, prepared by the drop-coated method, were used in this study for sensing nitric oxide (NO) gas. The thickness of PEDOT-PSS film was controlled by dropping different volumes of PEDOT-PSS solution to improve the response of PEDOT-PSS film. Due to its porous structure, the thicker the PEDOT-PSS film is, the higher the noticeable surface area. Thus, a larger response is found. However, since the concentration of NO gas used was low (10 ppm), the effect of the surface area was not noticeable when the thickness of the film was greater than 5 μm. In the range of 2.5–10 ppm NO, the relationship between the response of the PEDOT-PSS film and the NO concentration was linear. The limit of detection (S/N = 3), response time (t₉₅), and recovery time (t₉₅) were about 350 ppb, 527 s, and 1780 s, respectively. The response of PEDOT-PSS film to 10 ppm NO gas was dramatically affected by the presence of either O₂ or CO. The standard deviation, with respect to the sensitivity of the NO gas sensor based on PEDOT:PSS film, was 2.2%. The sensitivity of the sensor remained at about 74.5% that of a fresh one.     

纳米WO_3粉体的制备及其气敏性能研究

采用溶胶—凝胶法分别用草酸和苯甲酸为凝胶剂制得纳米WO3粉体。通过XRD,TEM等手段对粉体的粒度、晶体结构、形貌等进行了表征,探讨了煅烧温度、工作温度、气体体积分数及不同酸作凝胶剂对气敏性能的影响。结果表明:2种情况所得元件均对NO2有1000以上的灵敏度和较高的选择性,且苯甲酸做凝胶剂有较低的工作温度(125℃)和很快的响应时间(1 s),用草酸做凝胶剂时的恢复时间只有7 s。纳米WO3厚膜NO2传感器是一种实用前景良好的传感器。     

A nitric oxide gas sensor based on Rayleigh surface acoustic wave resonator for room temperature operation

A Rayleigh surface acoustic wave (RSAW) resonator with polyaniline/tungsten oxide nanocomposite thin film is investigated as a gas sensor for detecting the presence of nitric oxide (NO) in air. The sensor developed in this work was sensitive to NO gas at room temperature. It is shown that the sensor had a frequency shift of 1.2 ppm when it was exposed to 138 ppb NO. The negative frequency response increased with NO concentration increasing. The response and recovery times of the NO sensor in this work were about 20-80 s. In addition, this RSAW sensor also exhibited reversibility and repeatability to the presence of NO gas. Especially, the presented sensor showed high selectivity with NO gas to separate from NO₂ and CO₂ gases.     

Concentration determination of gas by organic thin film sensor and back propagation network

In this work, vacuum deposited thin films of PbPc, NiPc, VOPc, TiOPc and CoPc were employed as gas sensor to detect NO₂ and NO. Data collected from sensor responses were used to train a back-propagation network (BPN) for identifying the gas species and quantifying its concentration. The results show that among the metallophthalocyanines tested, PbPc and NiPc have better sensing characteristics towards NO₂ and NO. In BPN training, maximum error occurs for data collected by the TiOPc sensor, and minimum error occurs for array of PbPc and NiPc sensors. In the concentration prediction of NO or NO₂, the maximum predicted error is 6.94%. When Two-Stage BPN or Single-Stage BPN was use to identify and quantify a single gas (NO₂ or NO), the accuracy of recognition approaches 100% and the maximum error for concentration prediction is 7.45%.