离散系统状态反馈控制中的跟踪问题

针对离散系统，本文讨论状态调节器的输出跟踪问题，拽出了现有的离散状态调节器存在的问题，提出了一种 新型的散状态ＰＩ调节器。     

离散系统状态反馈控制中的跟踪问题

针对离散系统，本文讨论状态调节器的输出跟踪问题，指出了现有的离散状态调节器存在的问题，提出了一种新型的离散状态PI调节器．     

一种新型状态PI调节器的研究

提出一种新的状态PI调节器,证明了其最优调节器性质,并分析了它的鲁棒性,通 过参数集结,使状态PI调节器具有类似于PID调节器的参数整定方法.     

状态灵敏度观测器及不灵敏调节器

本文提出一种基于观测器的低灵敏度调节器，证明了状态灵敏度观测器的充要条件，将重构的状态灵敏度向量引入二次积分指标中，导出了低灵敏度调节器的设计方法，仿真结果表明，按该方法设计的控制系统的响应对参数摄动不敏感，即控制系统具有较强的鲁棒性，此外，该方法还具有计算量小，容易实现的优点。     

全状态输出调节系统的结构

本文讨论了全状态输出调节系统的结构,得到了全状态输出调节器的结构特征,给出了开 环系统存在全状态输出调节器的充分必要条件.     

随机系统中满意PID调节器的设计

应用满意控制思想，研究了扇形区域极点和稳态输出方差约束下PID调节器的设计问题．将PID调节器设计问题转化为局部状态反馈问题，再通过适当变换将PID调节器参数设计转化为求解一组线性矩阵不等式的可行解问题，从而可通过MATLAB中的LMI工具箱方便地求解．算例说明了所提出方法的有效性．     

鲁棒调节器设计及其在飞行控制中的应用

本文提出一种降低参数灵敏度的鲁棒调节器设计法，它根据灵敏度指标的要求，利用最优器的性质设计了状态反馈调节器，所构成的系统具有良好的参数鲁棒性和动态特性，该方法计算简单，实现方便。文中给出了在飞行系统中的应用实例。     

时变系统中数字LQG自动调节器和跟踪器的计算方法

数字ＬＱＧ自动调节器和跟踪器提供了包含数据采样、分段常数控制及积分准则的实数字控制（ｒｅａｌｄｉｇｉｔａｌｃｏｎｔｒｏｌｐｒｏｂｌｅｍｓ）的求解方法。已有的各种文献对数字ＬＱ，自动调节器数值计算的讨论只限于非时变系统和有关准则（指标）矩阵等范畴。非线性随机系统对状态轨迹的控制往往是通过基于轨进线性化动力学理论的ＬＱＧ自动调节器来完成的，该调节器构成一个时变系统。本文给出了时变系统及时变指标矩阵的数字ＬＱＧ自动调节器及跟踪器的一种计算方法，最后给出了一个计算实例。     

一类非线性系统的自适应预测函数控制

针对一类具有输出反馈耦合的离散非线性系统，将过程的非线性状态空间模型等效为线性时变状态空间模型；然后利用最小二乘法辨识系统参数，并通过在目标函数中引入系统状态的变化给出一种具有类似离散PI最优调节器结构的新型自适应预测函数控制器．由于引入了新的优化目标函数，该控制器控制效果与鲁棒性要优于仅考虑预测输出误差的传统预测函数控制器．仿真结果表明，该控制器优于经典离散PI最优调节器．     

位移液压伺服系统控制器的设计与实现

以位移液压伺服系统作为研究对象,提出了一种引入跟踪误差和误差变化量来替代系统原状态量,将跟踪调节器设计转换为状态调节器设计的方法,并将该状态调节器设计为伺服系统的控制器,然后介绍了以DSP为核心的信号处理和数据传输的实时监控系统,通过对伺服系统电网络模型控制的实验结果表明,所提出的方案是正确的、完全可行的.     

系统多功能状态表达式构建及其置信度研究

为研究具有多功能的系统功能状态表达式及状态评价结果的置信度,提出一种基于集对分析和量子态叠加的系统功能状态表示方法。首先论述了系统功能状态置信度;其次研究了系统单功能状态表示,使用集对分析联系数构建表达式确定分量系数,随后利用量子态叠加构建系统单功能状态表达式;最后构建了系统多功能状态表达式,从而确定系统多功能状态的量子叠加态概率幅,其平方即为该状态的系统功能状态评价结果的置信度。通过实例对所提方法进行了应用,说明了计算流程和作用。研究可提供系统多功能状态置信度的计算方法。     

SISO线性系统的滑模变结构状态范数控制

在线性系统滑模控制理论的基础上，给出了对于一般SLSO线性系统状态范数控制的形式，提出了状态范数的控制器结构。基于李亚普诺夫稳定性理论证明了状态范数控制系统的闭环稳定性。然后分别针对状态范数控制器与趋近率控制和单位向量控制进行了数值仿真的分析与比较，结果说明状态范数控制综合了趋近率控制和单位向量控制各自的优点，控制信号抖振更小，闭环系统稳态性能有了一定改进。     

UML状态机的形式语义

许多大型系统在进行分析和设计时,均采用UML作为需求描述语言,尤其是一些对安全性要求较高的系统,更是广泛采用UML的动态行为描述机制--状态机来描述协议及控制机制.但是,由于UML没有形式化的动态语义,不利于对其所描述的需求进行形式化验证和证明.为了解决这一问题,采用以下方法为UML状态机构建形式语义.把UML状态机中的状态映射到一种项代数上,用归纳的状态项表示状态机的状态.然后,把状态项映射到一种加标记的变迁系统LTS上,LTS-状态是状态机的状态项,LTS-变迁是UML状态机的微步.最后,用Plotk     

多级涡轮过渡态气动热力性能试验

针对因迟滞效应明显、气动热力特征复杂、工作状态不平衡导致涡轮过渡状态难以实现试验模拟的问题,开展了涡轮过渡态变化特征分析,从N-S方程组的求解过程入手,考虑时变定解条件的相似性,得到了适用于过渡态涡轮性能试验的相似模拟方法。基于某稳态涡轮试验设备,构建了涡轮过渡态试验环境。针对过渡态测控需求,构建了统一的同步控制测试平台。最终在某五级涡轮试验件平台上,完成了多级涡轮过渡态气动热力性能试验验证。结果表明,在过渡态过程中,部分空气腔内的压力和试验件的轴向力表现出了明显的迟滞和不同步特征,涡轮扭矩效率和涡轮进口换算流量明显偏离了稳态过程,最大偏离程度大于20%。     

Notion of dynamical input-output systems: causality and state concepts

A basic mathematical formalism of dynamical systems is presented from the view-point of control engineering. The notion of input-output systems is given in a general logistic format in which most of the detailed system models can be embedded. Concepts of time, time system, causality, and state are introduced. The time system is of a generalized form in which the time domains of component functions of input and output may be different from each other. The causality is a term for the traditional non-anticipation. The state is introduced firstly in a pure form. Then a state representation, state mapping, state transition, and a static output system are formalized. The results of discussion and propositions show close interrelations between the causality, state mapping, and static output system.     

Direct discrete time design of robust state derivative feedback control laws

This paper is concerned with the problem of designing robust state derivative feedback control laws in discrete time. The main contribution consists of a method for recasting a continuous time state space model in the form of a discrete time model formulated in terms of the state derivative. Uncertain input delays and parametric uncertainties in polytopic form can be propagated from the original state space representation to the resulting state derivative model. Therefore, robust control techniques originally developed for discrete time state space models can be directly employed to design the state derivative feedback law. Three computational examples are presented for illustration. The first example highlights the importance of accounting for the effect of sampling in the design procedure. More specifically, a linear quadratic regulation problem involving the state derivative is addressed. The second example involves the design of a robust predictive controller in the presence of input constraints and uncertain time delay. Finally, the third example is concerned with robust pole placement in the presence of parametric uncertainty.     

Topological properties of reachable sets and the control of quantum bits

We consider the problem of controlling the state of a two-level quantum system (quantum bit) via an externally applied electro-magnetic field. The describing model is a bilinear right-invariant system whose state varies on the Lie group of 2×2 special unitary matrices. We study the topological structure of the reachable sets. If two or more independent controls are used, then every state can be achieved in arbitrary time. However, this is no longer true if only one control is available and, in this case, we give an exact characterization of states reachable in arbitrary time. We prove small time local controllability for any state and the existence of a critical time which is the smallest time after which every transfer of state is possible. We provide upper and lower bounds for such a time. The mathematical development is motivated by the problem of manipulating the state of a quantum bit. Every transfer of state may be interpreted as a quantum logic operation and not every logic operation can be obtained in arbitrary time. The analysis we present provides information about the feasibility of a given operation as well as estimates for the speed of a quantum computer.     

Speculative Parallelization of Sequential Loops on Multicores

The advent of multicores presents a promising opportunity for speeding up the execution of sequential programs through their parallelization. In this paper we present a novel solution for efficiently supporting software-based speculative parallelization of sequential loops on multicore processors. The execution model we employ is based upon state separation, an approach for separately maintaining the speculative state of parallel threads and non-speculative state of the computation. If speculation is successful, the results produced by parallel threads in speculative state are committed by copying them into the computation’s non-speculative state. If misspeculation is detected, no costly state recovery mechanisms are needed as the speculative state can be simply discarded. Techniques are proposed to reduce the cost of data copying between non-speculative and speculative state and efficiently carrying out misspeculation detection. We apply the above approach to speculative parallelization of loops in several sequential programs which results in significant speedups on a Dell PowerEdge 1900 server with two Intel Xeon quad-core processors.     

Analytical solution of the linear fractional system of commensurate order

A useful representation of fractional order systems is the state space representation. For the linear fractional systems of commensurate order, the state space representation is defined as for regular integer state space representation with the state vector differentiated to a real order. This paper presents a solution of the linear fractional order systems of commensurate order in the state space. The solution is obtained using a technique based on functions of square matrices and the Cayley-Hamilton theorem. The technique developed for linear systems of integer order is extended to derive analytical solutions of linear fractional systems of commensurate order. The basic ideas and the derived formulations of the technique are presented. Both, homogeneous and inhomogeneous cases with usual input functions are solved. The solution is calculated in the form of a linear combination of suitable fundamental functions. The presented results are illustrated by analyzing some examples to demonstrate the effectiveness of the presented analytical approach.     

受扰布尔控制网络全局可重构分析与状态估计

受扰布尔控制网络的状态转移,因受未知干扰影响而具有不确定性,这对状态观测器设计带来了困难.本文主要研究了受扰布尔控制网络全局可重构性问题,并在此基础上设计状态观测器.首先,将受扰布尔控制模型转化为多个子系统的切换未知布尔控制网络模型,在此基础上,提出了受扰布尔控制网络的4种不同状态集.其次,基于状态集估计方法,对受扰布尔控制网络状态估计问题进行分析.再次,提出有限时间可重构与全局可重构性概念;同时,根据状态集估计与状态转移分析,分别给出有限时间可重构判定算法与全局可重构性证明的充要条件.最后,给出观测器设计方法,并通过例子证明了本文提出方法的可行性.