检测大肠杆菌O157:H7的电化学阻抗谱生物传感器的研究

我们提出了用掺锡的三氧化二铟(ITO)作为工作电极,通过硅烷化固定化技术,将抗大肠杆菌O157:H7单克隆抗体固定在ITO电极表面,利用电化学阻抗谱技术来构建一种新型的免疫传感器.该新型的免疫传感器的检测限为 4×103CFU/mL,检测线性范围为4×103-4×106CFU/mL.实验研究表明,该传感器具有灵敏度较高,检测时间短,操作简单等优点,在临床医学和环境监测中具有应用价值.     

巯基苯胺聚合膜结合亲和素生物素放大的阻抗免疫传感器

将巯基苯胺(p-aminobenzenthiol,p-ABT)组装于金电极表面,进而电聚合形成稳定、致密、有序的p-ABT纳米复合膜界面,固定功能化的碳纳米管后,再通过引入亲和素-生物素放大系统,将生物素化羊抗人IgG同定于电极表面.用以检测hIgG,建立了一种高灵敏的电化学免疫阻抗传感器,获得传感器的线性范围为0.01～100 ng/mL,检测下限为0.075 ng/mL(R/N=3).     

SPR生物传感器在食品安全领域的应用研究

使用集成化手持式SpreetaTM SPR传感器快速检测大肠杆菌E.Coli 0157∶H7,利用大肠杆菌抗体的免疫吸附反应,采用亲和素—生物素系统放大检测的响应信号,并引入复合抗体作为第二抗体,整个检测过程在1 h内完成,实现病原微生物的快速检测。     

SPR生物传感器在急性白血病髓系抗原CD33检测中的应用

采用自组装膜技术,在传感芯片表面修饰抗CD33单克隆抗体,利用自行构建的SPR生物传感器检测人骨髓血液中急性白血病髓系抗原CD33的表达.实验结果表明SPR生物传感器对AML患者骨髓血液的响应值远远大于对健康人骨髓血液的响应值.与传统的流式细胞术(FCM)方法相比,SPR方法具有能快速给出定量分析结果,操作简单等优点....     

利用参比型SPR生物传感器进行SARS病毒抗原检测的研究

参比型SPR生物传感器是一种可以在单通道内实现对检测、参比两个位点同时检测的新型SPR分析系统.利用参比型SPR生物传感器在线制备了两种SARS病毒抗原的检测芯片.直接固定抗体法制备的检测芯片在检测时基本无反应;蛋白A固定抗体法制备的芯片在通入灭活SARS病毒时检测信号明显,参比信号略有上升.第二种芯片可以直接检测到病毒培养液上清中的灭活SARS病毒,检测灵敏度已达到1.66×104 PFU/mL.参比位点可以用来检测待测物中杂质引起的非特异性吸附.     

聚邻氨基苯甲酸/纳米金复合膜电化学免疫传感器用于水体中大肠杆菌的检测

以聚邻氨基苯甲酸/纳米金复合膜(poly-o-ABA/AuNP)为基底固载大肠杆菌抗体制备了一种新型的电化学免疫传感器.利用大肠杆菌与抗体之间的免疫反应构建了三明治夹心结构,以对苯二酚为电子媒介体,通过辣根过氧化酶(HRP)催化H2O2产生的响应电流对大肠杆菌进行检测.结果表明,在优化的实验条件下,该传感器的响应电流与大肠杆菌的浓度在1.0×103～1.0×107cfu/mL范围内呈良好的线性关系,检测限为2×102cfu/mL.经过预富集过程,该方法成功实现了对河水中大肠杆菌的检测.     

SPR传感芯片的理论与实验研究

针对光纤SPR(表面等离子体共振)传感器制作工艺复杂的问题,提出了一种光纤先固定后部分镀膜的SPR传感芯片的制作方法.依据电磁场和射线理论,分析并讨论了此种波长调制部分镀膜SPR传感芯片的工作原理,采用MEMS制作工艺对探测光纤进行封装固定以后,再对光纤进行部分镀膜,其结构简单,工艺性好,易于实现批量化.最后,搭建了一套基、于波长检测的光纤SPR测试系统对其进行测试.实验结果表明:在折射率范围为1.33～1.36时,共振波长同折射率具有良好的线性关系,光谱仪分辨率为0.1 m时,其分辨率可达到3×10-5折射率单位.     

生物传感器检测白细胞介素-2与其受体的相互作用

应用亲和型生物传感器IAsys实时监测白细胞介素-2（IL-2）与其可溶性受体（sIL-2R）之间的相互作用,并进一步揭示IL-2／sIL-2R在体内的作用机理。将sIL-2R进行生物素标记后,利用生物素-亲和素系统将其固定于IAsys生物传感器的生物素样品池表面,向样品池中加入IL-2,通过检测由IL-2与固定于样品池表面的sIL-2R结合而引起的传感基片表面共振光角度的变化来研究IL-2和sIL-2R之间的相互作用。IL-2可与sIL-2R在体外发生特异性结合。IAsys生物传感器是一种研究生物大分子间相互作用的理想工具,为细胞因子／受体体系的相互作用研究提供了有效的方法和新的思路。     

图像阵列表面等离子谐振生物传感器检测两种磺胺药物

这项研究利用自制的图像阵列SPR生物传感器对缓冲液中的磺胺甲恶唑(SMOZ)与磺胺二甲嘧啶(SMT)进行了快速灵敏的检测.两种磺胺药物与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的耦联物被分别固定于阵列芯片上不同的两列,其余一列作为参照.固定过程在仪器中进行,以监控抗原的固定量.抗体与含有磺胺药物的缓冲液混合后流过芯片表面,所得抗体结合曲线的斜率与样品中所含的磺胺浓度成反比例关系.实验中所构建的两种磺胺药物的标准曲线的检测范围在1 ng/mL到15 ng/mL之间.对两种抗体稳定性及特异性进行了研究,单抗对BSA无结合作用.新型高通量、多组份图像SPR生化分析系统为中国科学院电子学研究所自行研制,阵列芯片具有3×5型阵列点.通过使用参考表面,折射率和非特异性吸附的影响可以被去除,从而提高数据的质量.     

基于核酸识体的电化学免疫传感器用于血小板源性生长因子的检测

该文提出了一种新颖的、高灵敏度的基于核酸识体和银沉积的电化学免疫传感器用于人体血小板源生长因子BB(PDGF-BB)的检测.首先在电极的表面固定抗体,然后与抗原、生物素标记的核酸识体形成免疫夹心复合物,再利用生物素和亲合素的特异性反应把亲合素标记的碱性磷酸酶固定到电极上,然后把得到的产物在底物溶液中进行银沉积,最后利用电化学方法对沉积到电极表面的银进行检测以达到检测PDGF-BB的目的.实验对固定抗体浓度和生物素标记核酸识体的浓度两个条件进行了优化.实验结果表明PDGF-BB的浓度在1～1000 ng/mL的范围具有良好的线性关系,最低检测下限可达0.8 ng/mL.该方法具有高灵敏度和稳定性,在临床上具有广阔的应用前景.     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate