三支决策与决策粗糙集融合模型

Paw lak粗糙集模型没有对正域、边界域和负域赋予语义,不能进行再决策,而三支决策对边界域赋予了新的语义,可以对边界域做出进一步刻画,对于边界域的进一步划分,依据属性的重要性,使满足条件的样本划入再决策域,不满足条件的样本继续保留在边界域中,降低了边界域样本处理的失误率.本文在对概率粗糙集模型、三支决策粗糙集的理论、贝叶斯理论的决策过程和决策粗糙集模型进行研究的基础上,提出了一种三支决策与决策粗糙集融合模型,与Paw lak-三支决策模型相比,其划分损失更小,处理结果更优.该模型运用三支决策理论对决策粗糙集的边界域赋予延迟决策的语义,对于延迟决策再运用三支决策理论进行迭代操作,对边界域样本进一步处理.在迭代的过程中,依据属性的重要程度将属性排序,从而客观的得到迭代过程中每次优先依据哪个属性进行划分.实验结果表明,该模型比单一运用决策粗糙集模型进行决策代价小,三支决策通过迭代对边界域处理的正确率有所提高,这为准确决策提供了一种新的方法.     

Probabilistic Decision Tables in the Variable Precision Rough Set Model

The Variable Precision Rough Set Model (VPRS) is an extension of the original rough set model. This extension is directed towards deriving decision table-based predictive models from data with parametrically adjustable degrees of accuracy. The imprecise nature of such models leads to quite significant modification of the classical notion of decision table. This is accomplished by introducing the idea of approximation region-based, or probabilistic decision table which is a tabular specification of three, in general uncertain, disjunctive decision rules corresponding to rough approximation regions: positive, boundary and negative regions. The focus of the paper is on the extraction of such decision tables from data, their relationship to conjunctive rules and probabilistic assessment of decision confidence with such rules.     

Probabilistic model criteria with decision-theoretic rough sets

In dealing with risk in real decision problems, decision-theoretic rough sets with loss functions aim to obtain optimization decisions by minimizing the overall risk with Bayesian decision procedures. Two parameters generated by loss functions divide the universe into three regions as the decision of acceptance, deferment and rejection. In this paper, we discuss the semantics of loss functions, and utilize the differences of losses replace actual losses to construct a new “four-level” approach of probabilistic rules choosing criteria. Ten types of probabilistic rough set models can be generated by the “four-level” approach and form two groups of models: two-way probabilistic decision models and three-way probabilistic decision models. A reasonable decision with these criteria is demonstrated by an illustration of oil investment.     

Three-way decision reduction in neighborhood systems

Rough set reduction has been used as an important preprocessing tool for pattern recognition, machine learning and data mining. As the classical Pawlak rough sets can just be used to evaluate categorical features, a neighborhood rough set model is introduced to deal with numerical data sets. Three-way decision theory proposed by Yao comes from Pawlak rough sets and probability rough sets for trading off different types of classification error in order to obtain a minimum cost ternary classifier. In this paper, we discuss reduction questions based on three-way decisions and neighborhood rough sets. First, the three-way decision reducts of positive region preservation, boundary region preservation and negative region preservation are introduced into the neighborhood rough set model. Second, three condition entropy measures are constructed based on three-way decision regions by considering variants of neighborhood classes. The monotonic principles of entropy measures are proved, from which we can obtain the heuristic reduction algorithms in neighborhood systems. Finally, the experimental results show that the three-way decision reduction approaches are effective feature selection techniques for addressing numerical data sets.     

Combining Rough Sets and Bayes' Rule

In rough set theory with every decision rule two conditional probabilities, called certainty and coverage factors, are associated. These two factors are closely related with the lower and the upper approximation of a set, basic notions of rough set theory. It is shown that these two factors satisfy the Bayes' rule.
The Bayes' rule in our case simply shows some relationship in the data, without referring to prior and posterior probabilities intrinsically associated with Bayesian inference. This relationship can be used to "invert" decision rules, i.e., to find reasons (explanation) for decisions thus providing inductive as well as deductive inference in our scheme.     

面向混合数据的代价敏感三支决策边界域分类方法

针对现有三支决策模型的研究对象多为单一性数据的决策系统,对于混合数据边界域样本处理的研究相对较少,本文面向混合数据提出了基于核属性的代价敏感三支决策边界域分类方法。该方法基于正域约简计算混合邻域决策系统的核属性集,在此基础上计算混合邻域类,并利用三支决策规则分别将对象划分到各决策类的正域、边界域和负域;提出了一种基于代价敏感学习的三支决策边界域分类方法,并构造了误分类代价的计算方法,以此划分边界域中的对象。通过对UCI上的10个数据集进行实验对比与分析,进一步验证了本文方法,为处理边界域样本提供了一种可行有效的方法。     

面向不完备邻域系统的三支决策粒计算方法

针对许多应用领域中的数据大多是连续型数值,且由于成本限制和隐私保护等因素导致数据呈现不完备性。为此,提出面向不完备邻域系统的三支决策粒计算方法,引入邻域概念改进非对称相似关系,并通过改进的非对称相似关系计算不完备邻域系统的邻域粒度;在此基础上计算对象属于决策类的最大条件概率,再根据三支决策规则分别将对象划分到各决策类的正域、负域和边界域;通过实验比较和分析,进一步验证了该方法能获得较好的划分准确率和较低的误划分损失,为三支决策对不完备邻域数据的分析和处理提供了一种有效可行的方法。     

基于区间概念格的三支决策动态策略调控模型

深入分析区间概念格的由上下界外延和内涵构成的区间概念特征和层次结构特性,融合基于决策粗糙集的三支决策理论,提出区间三支决策空间概念,通过降低决策损失实现决策的动态调控从而达到决策方案最优。将区间概念外延划分为三个域：正域、负域和边界域,并给出了基于区间概念的三支决策规则、决策度量函数与决策损失函数,分析了区间参数与函数之间的变化关系;定义了区间三支决策概念和由决策动作和决策损失共同构成的决策,并运用区间概念格的建格方法构建了三支决策空间;基于区间三支决策空间建立了动态策略调控模型,实现了对实际问题的动态决策并能有效降低决策失误带来的损失;通过医疗诊断实例证明了模型的正确性与可行性。     

Three-way decisions based on decision-theoretic rough sets under linguistic assessment with the aid of group decision making

Based on decision-theoretic rough set model of three-way decisions, we augment the existing model by introducing linguistic terms. Considering the two types of parameters being used in the three-way decisions with linguistic assessment, a certain type of novel three-way decisions based on the Bayesian decision procedure is constructed. In this way, three-way decisions with decision-theoretic rough sets are extended to the qualitative environment. With the aid of multi-attribute group decision making, the values of these parameters are determined. An adaptive algorithm supporting consistency improvement of multi-attribute group decision making is designed. Then, we optimize the scales of the linguistic terms with the use of particle swarm optimization. The values of these parameters of three-way decisions are aggregated when proceeding with group decision making. Finally, the proposed model of three-way decisions with linguistic assessment is applied to the selection process of new product ideas.     

基于联合属性重要度的决策风险最小化属性约简

经典粗糙集属性约简基本都是保持正域、负域和边界域不变,而决策粗糙集对属性的增减过程不具备单调性,因此不可能同时保持3个区域均不变。在决策粗糙集模型中,作出决策更应该考虑风险最小化原则,因此提出一种改进的风险最小化属性约简方法,在属性的选取过程中同时考虑所选取的属性子集对决策的划分能力,即联合属性重要度以及风险最小化。实验证明所提方法是有效的。