基于云计算的智慧农业物联网云平台

我国是农业大国,而非农业强国,我国农业生产仍然以传统生产模式为主,传统耕种只能凭经验施肥灌溉,不仅浪费大量的人力物力,也对环境保护与水土保持构成严重威胁,对农业可持续性发展带来严峻挑战。本项目针对上述问题提出了结合农业专家智能系统、农业生产物联网控制系统和农产品安全溯源系统三大系统,系统利用云平台技术、物联网技术、音视频技术、3S技术、移动通信技术,运用云计算方法,实现农业信息数字化、农业生产自动化、农业管理智能化的智慧农业物联网云平台。     

基于USB的有机磷农药检测系统设计

为实现在农业生产中对有机磷农药的残留量进行快速有效地检测,设计了一种基于USB的有机磷农药检测系统。首先简单介绍了有机磷农药检测系统的工作原理,然后利用ARM微控制器实现数据采集,并通过USB与上位机PC机通信,实现下位机与上位机数据的实时传输,最终实现有机磷农药检测系统的功能,该系统可以有准确有效地检测出溶液中有机磷农药的残留量。     

农业病虫害远程呼叫与咨询系统的设计与分析*

农业病虫害远程呼叫与咨询系统是基于计算机协同工作思想,将专家系统、呼叫中心、网络多媒体及人工智能等多种技术结合设计的专家—坐席—用户交互平台,为农户进农业行病虫害方面的诊断、指导和咨询,解决我国农业生产分散、专家缺乏、科技服务与推广水平差等一系列现实问题。介绍了农业病虫害远程呼叫与咨询系统的总体开发流程以及平台体系结构,分析了该平台的建设步骤和关键技术以及系统平台推广的前景。     

农药残毒快速检测智能化系统

针对农药残毒传统检测系统体积大、灵敏度差和检测速度较慢等问题,设计出一种基于"光转化—化学发光法"的农药残毒快速检测智能化系统。介绍了系统的整体结构、功能以及软硬件实现。系统将农药残毒的浓度转化为光强,进而转化为电压,通过微处理器的A/D转换等实现检测与显示。与目前常用的气相色谱、液相色谱等离线检测技术相比,该系统可以对多种常见农药的种类和溶度实现快速的在线检测,是一种全新的检测方法。     

基于.NET的农业生产环境信息监测系统

针对农业生产环境信息化管理的需求,在Microsoft.NET平台上结合C#语言和ASP.NET技术,构建了基于.NET的农业生产环境信息监测系统.采用B/S体系结构模型,设计了系统功能与数据库,着重解析了诸如.NET组件设计、ADO.NET数据访问、Ajax动态更新页面、多媒体嵌入以及系统安全等几个关键技术.该系统通过试验分析与示范验证,具有较好的实用性、安全性和可维护性,有效实现了农业生产过程中多元环境信息的实时监测和远程共享,为农业生产管理提供了及时准确的科学依据.     

智能农业示范区造福700万农户

将现代网络技术、信息终端与智能化农业生产管理相结合的国家“863”计划重大项目“智能化农业信息处理示范区”，自1990年把农业专家系统、智能化农业信息技术列为重点课题项目至今，经历了研究探索（1990年—1996年）、试验示范（1996年—1999年）和应用推广（1998上—2003年）三个历史阶段，累计投入项目奖金忽视亿元，各级地方政府和农业企业投入资金近8亿元，累计增收节支总额达28亿元。     

基于TTS的农业信息咨询系统(AICS-TTS)的研究与构建

作为服务于"三农"的信息传播载体,网络版或单机版的农业软件在解决农业信息延伸的"最后一公里"方面存在覆盖面窄的问题.从农村的实际情况着手,讨论了基于TTS的农业信息咨询系统(AICS-TTS)的构建和实现办法,阐述AICS-TTS系统开发的软硬件环境、系统结构和技术特点、系统模块框架以及功能的实现,达到系统的动态性和交互式语音服务,用户随时随地访问系统获取信息.     

无线传感器网络在农业中的应用

随着当前信息技术的全面发展,其在各行各业中都有非常广泛地应用.同时,我国是一个农业大国,农业的发展直接关系到国家综合国力的提升,将信息技术应用于农业,保证农业的信息化发展已经成为当前农业的必然发展趋势.无线传感器网络作为高效、实时的信息采集系统,将其应用于农业当中,能够有效提高我国农业生产及经营管理水平,促进我国农业的信息化发展.本文从无线传感器网络在农业中的应用角度出发,简要介绍了无线传感器网络,分析了其应用于农业生产及管理中的优势,同时提出了无线传感器网络在农业中的具体应用,为全面促进农业的信息化发展、提高农业生产及管理水平提供一定的理论依据.     

我国农业信息化最新进展

我国信息化发展全局中,农业信息化摆在重要位置。经过多年发展,我们农业信息化取得丰硕成果,信息基础设施逐步完善,信息服务广泛开展,现代信息技术与农业生产融合正在加速。未来需要强化农业信息化的科学化、规范化,建立良好的发展机制,进一步提升农业生产经营及管理服务的信息化水平。     

生物农药与设施农业病害的防治

设施农业是我国传统农业向现代农业转变的主要形式之一,同时为我国无公害农业的产业化经营提代了设施保障。植物病害频繁发生是威胁设施农业发展的主要限制因子,目前由于采用化学防治措施所带来的病害抗药性、农药残留和环境污染等问题已无法满足设施农业生产优质农副产品的要求,所以生物农药的研发与应用,为解决这一难题提供了技术保证,生物农药产业化、生物农药的质量监测与风险评估、加大对生物农药开发扶持力度,是我国设施农业病害生物防治中亟等解决的问题。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

正~~     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate