IC检测的图像预处理及芯片定位

全自动上芯机是用于芯片生产后工序的关键设备之一，机器视觉伺服系统是提高该设备产能和质量的关键系统，而图像预处理和芯片定位是其机器视觉的关键技术之一。为了消除采集图像与真实图像之问的差异，实现芯片精确定位，采用中值滤波算法和直方图算法实现图像的去噪和增强，并分析了图像相似性测量算法实现快速模板匹配。实验结果证明了算法的有效性和可靠性，为进一步提高芯片缺陷检测的精度提供了保障．     

基于Hausdorff距离和改进ASM的人脸跟踪方法*

针对视频图像中人脸定位跟踪的问题,提出了基于Hausdorff距离和改进ASM的跟踪方法.由于Hausdorff距离多模板匹配的复杂性,采用ASM的人脸模型作为模板大大降低了模型维数;并对传统的ASM算法进行了改进,利用DCT进行去相关和能量集中,充分利用特征点附近的二维纹理信息代替传统ASM的一维灰度信息,提高了定位速度和精度.实验证明该方法在视频图像人脸跟踪中是非常有效的.     

基于网格采样的深度图像表面特征提取算法

深度图像的高级特征提取是3维视觉一个重要研究领域。为了提高对大量离散3维数据的处理速度,简化算子结构,本文提出一种新的方法,将单目或多目结构光传感器采集的离散3维数据点云转换成深度图像形式,使z方向代表深度,并实现x、y方向数据的规则网格采样。接着提出一种深度图像分割算法,先对整幅图像进行边缘提取,得到阶跃和褶皱两种边缘,采用主成分分析法(PCA)通过计算欧氏距离得到面的法线方向和方向间的夹角。经过两类传感器采集到的大量图像实验证明,该算法明显优于单纯的边缘或者区域算法,具有良好的抗噪声性能,满足并行在线测量的要求,并且不受物体形状的约束,可以应用于3D模型重建、机器人自主导航、逆向工程、文物数字化等多个3维视觉领域。     

一种基于Hausdorff距离的运动物体跟踪算法

针对视频处理中运动物体的检测和跟踪问题,提出了一种基于Hausdorff距离的目标跟踪算法。新算法提出首先采用多尺度分水岭变换获取运动物体模型,消除了传统基于分水岭变换算法存在的缺陷;然后使用部分Hausdorff距离实现后续帧中运动物体模型的匹配;最后再次使用多尺度分水岭算法完成运动物体模型的更新。实验表明,该算法可以有效地跟踪多个刚体或非刚体目标。     

景像匹配辅助导航系统中的图像匹配算法研究

图像匹配算法是景像匹配辅助导航系统的核心，而且其性能决定了系统的总体性能，为了提高景像匹配辅助导航系统导航的实时性和精度，就必须选用合适的图像匹配算法，为此，给出了一种快速有效的基于图像特征的图像匹配算法，该算法选用部分Hausdorff距离作为图像匹配时的相似性度量，并利用图像特征提取后的二值化图像进行图像匹配，同时在联合了3种图像匹配加速技术的基础上，将邻域技术引入到图像匹配搜索终止条件中，从而大大提高了图像匹配效率。仿真结果表明，该算法可以保证图像匹配的鲁棒性和有效性，同时，能有效克服图像噪声和几何畸变的影响。该算法实施景像匹配能够在5s以内完成，并与GPS输出周期(1s)相当，可以满足景像匹配辅助导航系统匹配导航的准确性和实时性的性能要求。     

基于Hausdorff距离的图像配准快速算法

在图像配准过程中,传统Hausdorff距离算法的计算量较大。针对该问题,提出一种基于Hausdorff距离的图像配准快速算法。将参考图像和待配准图像进行边缘检测,在待配准图像上任意选取一个模板,通过设定一个变化的阈值对Hausdorff距离算法进行改进,以减少不必要点的计算,实现快速匹配,并根据匹配数据,对图像进行尺度变换及旋转操作,使2幅图像能在空间上配准。实验结果表明,与传统的配准算法相比,该算法的计算复杂度较低。     

基于格林坐标和改进最佳缝合线的图像拼接技术

为了应对大视差场景的图像拼接问题以及提高拼接图像的自然度,提出了一种基于对极几何约束和格林坐标的图像拼接算法.首先,用对极几何模型代替单应性矩阵作为随机抽样一致(RANSAC)算法的筛选模型,弥补单个全局单应性矩阵处理大视差图像时的不足,提高特征点匹配的精准度;然后,以一幅图像为参考,对另一幅图像进行基于格林坐标的预变形;其次,借助弹性鲁棒扭曲的思想消除预变形图像和参考图像之间的投影偏差;最后,将超像素分割的思想应用到缝合线的找取过程中,避免缝合线穿过物体重要部分,实现用最佳缝合线拼接图像.实验结果表明,所提算法能够有效地避免伪影的出现,能更加精准地实现图像对齐,使拼接后的图像更加自然.改进的算法使缝合线从超像素边界穿过,达到保持图像局部重要信息完整性的效果,可应用于电力传输与运维场景视觉监控领域.     

Hausdorff距离和量子粒子群的二维图像匹配

提出了一种基于Hausdorff距离和量子粒子群算法的二维图像匹配算法。为了实现二维图像的搜索,首先利用Canny算子提取图像的边缘,再利用Hausdorff距离作为图像搜索的目标函数,然后引入了带量子行为的粒子群的优化算法来求解搜索所需的空间变化参数,实验结果表明,带量子行为的粒子群的优化算法（QPSO）能够迅速地在全局范围内找到最优解,因此应用于二维图像搜索是可行的。     

角点和边缘结合的红外与可见光图像匹配

针对可见光与红外图像在复杂背景下匹配准确度低的缺点,提出一种新的基于边缘特征的匹配算法,算法首先对图像进行小波去噪,然后提取图像的边缘及其角点,在匹配测度上提出了新的CSS-EDGE-WHD距离,该距离测度在加权Hausdorff的基础上,结合了边缘角点的方向差异性,并推出相应权值,既利用了边缘点的位置信息,又利用了边缘上曲率极大值点(角点)的方向特性,对不同的边缘点采用不同的权值进行Hausdorff加权,最后将两种边缘点Hausdorff距离结合得到最终的匹配算法。仿真实验验证了该算法在背景复杂的红外与可见光图像匹配中也能保持较高的准确度。     

基于三参数模型的视频图像配准方法研究

视频图像配准是运动视频处理中的一项关键技术。提出了一种新的基于3参数模型的配准算法,该算法利用多尺度的角点检测方法从相邻两帧中抽取特征点,选用Hausdorff距离对特征点集进行匹配,计算3参数模型参数,从而实现图像配准。与传统的6参数仿射模型相比,模型参数的降低并没有显著降低配准效果,同时由于参数搜索空间的减少,该方法用更快的速度得到较准确的结果。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

Call for Papers The 6^th International Conference on Grid and Cooperative Computing

Recent years have seen rapid advances in various grid-related technologies, middleware, and applications. The GCC conference has become one of the largest scientific events worldwide in grid and cooperative computing. The 6th international conference on grid and cooperative computing (GCC2007) Sponsored by China Computer Federation (CCF),Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICT) and Xinjiang University ,and in Cooperation with IEEE Computer Soceity ,is to be held from August 16 to 18, 2007 in Urumchi, Xinjiang, China.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate