A novel multiobjective particle swarm optimization algorithm for signed network community detection

Signed graphs or networks are effective models for analyzing complex social systems. Community detection from signed networks has received enormous attention from diverse fields. In this paper, the signed network community detection problem is addressed from the viewpoint of evolutionary computation. A multiobjective optimization model based on link density is newly proposed for the community detection problem. A novel multiobjective particle swarm optimization algorithm is put forward to solve the proposed optimization model. Each single run of the proposed algorithm can produce a set of evenly distributed Pareto solutions each of which represents a network community structure. To check the performance of the proposed algorithm, extensive experiments on synthetic and real-world signed networks are carried out. Comparisons against several state-of-the-art approaches for signed network community detection are carried out. The experiments demonstrate that the proposed optimization model and the algorithm are promising for community detection from signed networks.     

基于共同好友数的在线社会网络社区发现算法

为了快速准确地找到在线社会网络的社区结构,提出了一种基于共同好友数和节点邻居信息的社区结构发现算法。该算法以共同好友数最多的两个节点为初始社区,不断寻找与社区连接性最强的节点,并以节点Q值为衡量标准,判断是否将该节点加入到初始社区中,最后根据节点邻居所在初始社区信息确定最终的社区划分。针对两个经典社会网络和人工生成网络数据的实验划分结果表明,该算法是可行和有效的。     

基于自适应Memetic算法的多目标复杂网络社区检测

针对提高复杂网络社区检测准确度问题, 提出了一种自适应Memetic算法的多目标社区检测算法。在全局搜索中利用Logistic函数来设置与全局优化相应的交叉概率和变异概率,并将多目标优化问题转化成同时最小优化Kernel K-Means和Ratio Cut这两个目标函数;在局部搜索中利用权重将两个目标函数合并成一个局部优化目标,并采用爬山搜索来寻找个体最优。在虚拟和真实网络实验平台下,与五个基于遗传算法的方法以及Fast Modularity算法相比,结果表明算法能有效提高社区检测准确度,具有更好的寻优效果。     

基于节点相似性和网络嵌入的复杂网络社区发现算法

社区发现算法对分析复杂网络的拓扑和层次结构、预测复杂网络的演化趋势等具有十分重要的意义.传统的社区发现算法划分精度不高,忽略了网络嵌入的重要性.针对这样的问题,提出了基于节点相似性和网络嵌入Node2Vec方法的无参数社区发现算法.首先,使用网络嵌入Node2Vec方法将网络节点映射成欧氏空间中低维向量表示的数据点,计...     

网络社区发现的多目标分解粒子群优化算法

通过分析社会网络中社区发现问题的优化目标,构造了社区发现的多目标优化模型,提出一种网络社区发现的多目标分解粒子群优化算法。该算法采用切比雪夫法将多目标优化问题分解为多个单目标优化子问题,使用粒子群优化(PSO)算法对社区结构进行挖掘,并引入了一种新颖的基于局部搜索的变异策略以提高算法的搜索效率和收敛速度,该算法克服了单目标优化算法存在的解单一以及难以发现社区层次结构的缺陷。人工网络及真实网络上的实验结果表明,该算法能够快速准确地挖掘网络社区并揭示社区的层次结构。     

Community detection in complex networks: Multi-objective discrete backtracking search optimization algorithm with decomposition

Community detection is believed to be a very important tool for understanding both the structure and function of complex networks, and has been intensively investigated in recent years. Community detection can be considered as a multi-objective optimization problem and the nature-inspired optimization techniques have shown promising results in dealing with this problem. In this study, we present a novel multi-objective discrete backtracking search optimization algorithm with decomposition for community detection in complex networks. First, we present a discrete variant of the backtracking search optimization algorithm (DBSA) where the updating rules of individuals are redesigned based on the network topology. Then, a novel multi-objective discrete method (MODBSA/D) based on the proposed discrete variant DBSA is first proposed to minimize two objective functions in terms of Negative Ratio Association (NRA) and Ratio Cut (RC) of community detection problems. Finally, the proposed algorithm is tested on some real-world networks to evaluate its performance. The results clearly show that MODBSA/D has effective and promising performance for dealing with community detection in complex networks.     

Community Detection in Dynamic Social Networks Based on Multiobjective Immune Algorithm

Community structure is one of the most important properties in social networks,and community detection has received an enormous amount of attention in recent years.In dynamic networks,the communities may evolve over time so that pose more challenging tasks than in static ones.Community detection in dynamic networks is a problem which can naturally be formulated with two contradictory objectives and consequently be solved by multiobjective optimization algorithms.In this paper,a novel multiobjective immune algorithm is proposed to solve the community detection problem in dynamic networks.It employs the framework of nondominated neighbor immune algorithm to simultaneously optimize the modularity and normalized mutual information,which quantitatively measure the quality of the community partitions and temporal cost,respectively.The problem-specific knowledge is incorporated in genetic operators and local search to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of our method.Experimental studies based on four synthetic datasets and two real-world social networks demonstrate that our algorithm can not only find community structure and capture community evolution more accurately but also be more steadily than the state-of-the-art algorithms.     

基于蚁群优化的二分网络社区挖掘

近年来,网络社区挖掘得到了极大的关注,尤其是针对二分网络的社区挖掘。二分网络社区挖掘对于研究复杂网络有非常重要的理论意义和实用价值。提出了一个基于蚁群优化的二分网络社区挖掘算法。该算法首先将二分网络社区挖掘问题转化成一个优化问题,建立一个可供蚂蚁搜索的图模型。同时,根据顶点的拓扑结构定义启发式信息。每只蚂蚁根据每条路径上的信息素和启发式信息选择路径,构造出一个社区的划分,再用二分模块度去衡量社区划分的优劣。实验结果表明,该算法不但可以较准确地识别二分网络的社区数。而且可以获得高质量的社区划分。     

一种基于局部扩展优化的重叠社区发现算法

挖掘复杂网络的重叠社区结构对研究复杂系统具有重要的理论和实践意义。提出一种基于局部扩展优化的重叠社区识别算法。 首先基于网络节点的聚集系数筛选种子节点,选取不相关的、局部聚集系数大的种子作为初始社区;然后采用贪心策略扩展初始社区,得到局部连接紧密的自然社区;最后检测并合并相似的社区,获得高覆盖率的重叠社区结构。在人工生成网络和真实网络数据集上的实验结果表明,与现有的基于局部扩展的代表性重叠社区发现算法相比,所提算法能在稀疏程度不同的网络上发现更高质量的重叠社区。     

一种新的社区/动态社区优化方法

社区结构作为复杂网络的重要 拓扑特性之一,成为当前的研究热点。本文提出了一种基于边排序和模块度优化的社区发现方法。该方法首先对初始的静态网络进行稀疏化,然后在稀疏化后的网络上依据边的重要程度对边进行排序,给出了一种模块度最大化、快速边合并的社区发现方法(Fast rank base d community detection, F RCD)。在初始网络社区划分结果的基础上,将该方法推广到动态、实时社区划分上,给出了一种快速、鲁棒的动态社区划分方法(Incremental dynamic community detection, IDCD)。理论分析 表明FRCD相对于边具有线性时间复杂度。在实际 和人工网络上的实验结果均表明,本文提出的方法无论在静态网络社区划分还是在动态网络社区追踪上都优于已有方法。     

基于社区结构的复杂网络鲁棒性优化策略

为在复杂网络鲁棒性优化过程中尽可能保留网络初始社区结构,分析重连边策略对网络社区结构的影响,提出一种结合社区结构的复杂网络鲁棒性优化策略。采用Louvain算法确定复杂网络社区结构,利用模拟退火算法提升复杂网络中单个社区的内部鲁棒性,使用改进的智能重连边策略（Smart Rewiring）提升社区间的连接鲁棒性,并通过标准化互信息指标评价鲁棒性优化过程中社区结构的保留程度。在BA、WS和WU-PowerGrid网络中的实验结果表明,与Smart Rewiring和MA策略相比,该策略能在提升网络鲁棒性的同时尽可能保留网络初始社区结构。     

基于核心节点的网络社区发现方法研究

本文充分利用社会网络中存在普适幂律分布的特性,提出了基于核心节点的局部社区发现算法（EALCN）,利 用改进的PageRank 进行节点排序,然后利用网络中的局部信息对局部目标函数进行优化,从初始的种子节点不断优化后获得 目标函数,最终获取局部社区,仿真实验表明,该算法利用少量的局部信息便能够比较快速的找出社区结构,具有较高的执行 效率。     

Multi-level learning based memetic algorithm for community detection

Complex network has become an important way to analyze the massive disordered information of complex systems, and its community structure property is indispensable to discover the potential functionality of these systems. The research on uncovering the community structure of networks has attracted great attentions from various fields in recent years. Many community detection approaches have been proposed based on the modularity optimization. Among them, the algorithms which optimize one initial solution to a better one are easy to get into local optima. Moreover, the algorithms which are susceptible to the optimized order are easy to obtain unstable solutions. In addition, the algorithms which simultaneously optimize a population of solutions have high computational complexity, and thus they are difficult to apply to practical problems. To solve the above problems, in this study, we propose a fast memetic algorithm with multi-level learning strategies for community detection by optimizing modularity. The proposed algorithm adopts genetic algorithm to optimize a population of solutions and uses the proposed multi-level learning strategies to accelerate the optimization process. The multi-level learning strategies are devised based on the potential knowledge of the node, community and partition structures of networks, and they work on the network at nodes, communities and network partitions levels, respectively. Extensive experiments on both benchmarks and real-world networks demonstrate that compared with the state-of-the-art community detection algorithms, the proposed algorithm has effective performance on discovering the community structure of networks.     

LPX: Overlapping community detection based on X‐means and label propagation algorithm in attributed networks

Traditional community detection methods in attributed networks (eg, social network) usually disregard abundant node attribute information and only focus on structural information of a graph. Existing community detection methods in attributed networks are mostly applied in the detection of nonoverlapping communities and cannot be directly used to detect the overlapping structures. This article proposes an overlapping community detection algorithm in attributed networks. First, we employ the modified X‐means algorithm to cluster attributes to form different themes. Second, we employ the label propagation algorithm (LPA), which is based on neighborhood network conductance for priority and the rule of theme weight, to detect communities in each theme. Finally, we perform redundant processing to form the final community division. The proposed algorithm improves the X‐means algorithm to avoid the effects of outliers. Problems of LPA such as instability of division and adjacent communities being easily merged can be corrected by prioritizing the node neighborhood network conductance. As the community is detected in the attribute subspace, the algorithm can find overlapping communities. Experimental results on real‐attributed and synthetic‐attributed networks show that the performance of the proposed algorithm is excellent with multiple evaluation metrics.     

基于桥系数的分裂社区检测算法研究

研究社区结构有助于揭示网络结构和功能之间的关系,而社区检测是社区结构研究的基础和核心。该文定义了一种聚集度桥系数,将其应用到社区检测中,设计出一种分裂社区检测方法,包括分裂和合并两个算法。分裂算法使用桥系数识别社区间边,通过迭代删除社区间边分解网络,从而发现网络中的社区结构;合并算法根据社区连接强度合并社区,可以揭示社区结构中的分层嵌套的现象。在六个社会网络数据集上的实验表明,本文算法可以有效的将网络分裂为有意义的社区,并且准确性接近或超过经典的社区检测算法。     

A community detection algorithm based on Quasi-Laplacian centrality peaks clustering

Searching for key nodes in social networks and clustering communities are indispensable components in community detection methods. With the wide application demand of detecting community networks, more and more algorithms have been proposed. Laplacian centrality peaks clustering (LPC) is an efficient and simple algorithm which is proposed on the basis of density peaks clustering (DPC) to identify clusters without parameters and prior knowledge. Before LPC is widely applied in community detection algorithms, some shortcomings should be addressed. Firstly, LPC fails to search for key nodes in networks accurately because of the similarity calculation method. Secondly, it takes too much time for LPC to calculate the Laplacian centrality of each point. To address these issues, a community detection algorithm based on Quasi-Laplacian centrality peaks clustering (CD-QLPC) is proposed after studying the advantages of Quasi-Laplacian centrality which can replace density or Laplacian centrality to characterize the importance of nodes in networks. Quasi-Laplacian centrality is obtained by the degree of each node directly, which needs less time than Laplacian centrality. In addition, a trust-based function is utilized to obtain the similarity accurately. Moreover, a new modularity-based merging strategy is adopted to identify the optimal number of communities adaptively. Experimental results show that CD-QLPC outperforms many state-of-the-art methods on both real-world networks and synthetic networks.

     

一种基于增广网络的快速微博社区检测算法

微博是当前最流行的在线社交媒体之一,有效地检测出微博用户的社区结构,能够帮助人们理解微博社交网络的结构和用户的行为特征,从而为用户提供个性化的服务。然而,现有社区检测算法大多只考虑社交网络节点之间的直接链接关系,忽略节点自身的内容特征。针对此问题,提出一种基于增广网络的快速微博社区检测算法。该算法通过融合社交网络的链接信息以及用户在微博上所发布的博文内容信息构建增广网络,然后以模块度为目标函数快速挖掘增广网络中的主题社区。通过真实微博社交网络的实验表明,提出的算法能够高效地检测出社交网络的主题社区。
     

社会语义网社区发现标签传递算法研究

针对在线社会网络的特性和现有社区发现算法的不足,提出一种基于语义网技术的在线社会网络社区发现算法ISLPA(Improved Semantic Label Propagation Algorithm),即一种适用于大规模在线社会网络的社区发现和标识算法。ISLPA算法对语义标签算法SemTagP进行改进,在社区划分过程中将在线社会网络视为有向加权图,通过语义网和社会化标签技术,充分结合在线社会网络丰富的语义信息和网络拓扑特征进行社区划分。ISLPA算法不需要预先设定社区数量和大小,就能实现社区发现,并能根据标签自动识别划分的社区。算法接近线性时间复杂度,具有较高的效率。通过实验表明,ISLPA算法能有效划分和标识真实在线社会网络。     

异质信息网络中基于元路径的社团发现算法研究

实际的网络化数据往往包含多种类型的对象和关系,采用异质信息网络可以更好地对其建模,因此异质信息网络分析逐渐成为数据挖掘的研究热点。虽然同质信息网络中的社团发现已经被深入研究,但是异质信息网络中的社团发现还很少被研究。该文研究异质信息网络中的社团发现问题,提出了一个新的社团发现算法框架HCD(heterogeneous community detection)。该框架由两部分组成: 基于单条元路径的社团发现算法HCD_sgl和融合多条元路径的社团发现算法HCD_all。HCD_sgl首先确定在给定元路径下所有节点的初始标签,再利用改进的标签传递算法进行最终的社团发现;HCD_all是在HCD_sgl的基础上将基于多条元路径的社团发现结果进行融合。通过在真实数据集和人工数据集上的实验验证了HCD算法的有效性。     

Finding overlapping communities in a complex network of social linkages and Internet of things

Online social networks play an important role in today’s Internet. These social networks contain huge amounts of data and the integrated framework of SN with Internet of things (IoT) presents a challenging problem. IoT is the ubiquitous interconnection of everyday items of interest (things), providing connectivity anytime, anywhere, and with anything. Like biological, co-authorship, and virus-spread networks, IoT and Social Network (SN) can be characterized to be complex networks containing substantial useful information. In the past few years, community detection in graphs has been an active area of research (Lee and Won in Proceedings of IEEE SoutheastCon, pp. 1–5, 2012). Many graph mining algorithms have been proposed, but none of them can help in capturing an important dimension of SNs, which is friendship. A friend circle expands with the help of mutual friends, and, thus, mutual friends play an important role in social networks’ growth. We propose two graph clustering algorithms: one for undirected graphs such as Facebook and Google+, and the other for directed graphs such as Twitter. The algorithms extract communities, and based on the access control policy nodes share resources (things). In the proposed Community Detection in Integrated IoT and SN (CDIISN) algorithm, we divide the nodes/actors of complex networks into basic, and IoT nodes. We, then, execute the community detection algorithm on them. We take nodes of a graph as members of a SN, and edges depicting the relations between the nodes. The CDIISN algorithm is purely deterministic, and no fuzzy communities are formed. It is known that one community detection algorithm is not suitable for all types of networks. For different network structures, different algorithms exhibit different results, and methods of execution. However, in our proposed method, the community detection algorithm can be modified as desired by a user based on the network connections. The proposed community detection approach is unique in the sense that a user can define his community detection criteria based on the kind of network.