彩色图像去雾清晰化研究

为了解决雾霾天气的影响下成像设备采集的图像容易出现的降质及色彩失真问题, 并从有雾图像中增强其细节信息, 提高原图像的对比度和清晰度. 将彩色图像RGB通道分别做相应的图像增强算法处理, 全局直方图均衡化把整体的灰度直方图进行均匀分布的处理, 小波变换算法对彩色图像进行多层次分解, 多尺度Retinex算法通过高斯函数做卷积运算对图像做多尺度变换. 实验结果表明, 全局直方图均衡化、小波变换算法和多尺度Retinex算法都能增强雾天图像的景物信息, 有对应于各自的优势和不足. 相比较这3种算法而言, 多尺度Retinex算法得到的去雾图像亮度增强、细节信息突出、失真度小, 能更好地进行去雾增强.     

用于数字图像直方图处理的一种二值映射规则

直方图表示数字图像中每一灰度级与其出现频数间的统计关系，它可给出图像的概貌性描述，而基于直方图修改技术的灰度变换是图像增强的实用而有效的处理方法之一。直方图处理包含均衡化和规定化两种技术。均衡化的目的是使图像像素均匀地分布在所有灰度级上；规定化的目的是将原图像的直方图转变为规定的直方图，以便突出一定灰度范围内的图像。为了进一步提高直方图处理算法的有效性，首先分析了现有的几种数字图像直方图均衡化和规定化算法存在的缺点，然后提出了一种新的二值映射规则(BML)，该规则基于最优控制原理，以直方图误差最小为准则进行灰度映射，实验证明．该规则算法简单，无论是用于直方图均衡化处理．还是用于直方图规定化处理，均较其他映射规则都更为有效。     

一种基于局部方差的雾天图像增强方法

提出了一种基于图像局部方差的保持灰度级和亮度的雾天图像增强算法。即在对图像作局部处理的基础上，利用局部方差可以较好的体现图像细节信息的特性，通过计算并比较图像局部标准方差的大小来判断局部图像的增强程度，然后以灰度均值为基准进行局部灰度拉伸。该算法可以有效增强和保留图像细节，克服了传统直方图均衡化处理所造成的灰度级损失的缺点，保持了原图的灰度级和平均亮度，较好的抑制了噪声，图像视觉效果明显改善，因此特别适合于深度信息多变且对比度较低的雾天图像。实验结果表明该算法可以有效的增强雾天图像。     

基于分形特征的细胞核表面纹理分析

提出了一种改进的基于分块迭代函数系统的分形维估计方法,对骨髓涂片中不同成熟阶段的粒细胞核表面的纹理进行了研究.该方法首先通过压缩仿射变换对细胞核灰度图象进行分块迭代函数系统构建,然后从该系统中提取出反映细胞核分形特征的匹配块因子、尺度系数等参数用于计算分形维.为了避免对细胞核表面分形维的过高估计,就匹配块因子、尺度系数的计算进行了改进.对60幅不同类型的粒细胞核表面图象进行比较实验,其结果表明该方法提取的分形参数可有效地反映不同细胞核表面间的纹理差异,它们可作为细胞识别中的新特征量.     

Image Contrast Enhancement by Constrained Local Histogram Equalization

Histogram equalization is a widely used image contrast enhancement method. While global histogram equalization enhances the contrast of the whole image, local histogram equalization can enhance many image details by taking different transformation of the same gray level at different places in the original image. However, the local histogram equalization process often results in unacceptable modification of the original image appearance. In this paper, a constrained local histogram equalization method is proposed to balance the conflicting requirements: enhancement of the image details and the maintenance of the overall image appearance. Our method uses the variational form of histogram equalization so that a constraint condition, which forces the local gray level transformations to change continuously in the spatial domain, can be introduced into the equalization process. Experimental results of different kinds of images show the effect of our method.     

一种基于非标定摄像机仿射变换的块匹配算法

针对"平行视"多视视频,提出了一种基于非标定摄像机仿射变换的块匹配算法.该算法采用Harris算子提取角点,依据特征跟踪法和线段仿射性质作为同名点匹配准则,利用同名点信息构造摄像机仿射变换矩阵,在此基础上实现视问块匹配.实验结果表明,该算法可有效提高"平行视"块匹配效果.     

Contrast enhancement and brightness preserving of digital mammograms using fuzzy clipped contrast-limited adaptive histogram equalization algorithm

A novel fuzzy logic and histogram based algorithm called Fuzzy Clipped Contrast-Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization (FC-CLAHE) algorithm is proposed for enhancing the local contrast of digital mammograms. A digital mammographic image uses a narrow range of gray levels. The contrast of a mammographic image distinguishes its diagnostic features such as masses and micro calcifications from one another with respect to the surrounding breast tissues. Thus, contrast enhancement and brightness preserving of digital mammograms is very important for early detection and further diagnosis of breast cancer. The limitation of existing contrast enhancement and brightness preserving techniques for enhancing digital mammograms is that they limit the amplification of contrast by clipping the histogram at a predefined clip-limit. This clip-limit is crisp and invariant to mammogram data. This causes all the pixels inside the window region of the mammogram to be equally affected. Hence these algorithms are not very suitable for real time diagnosis of breast cancer. In this paper, we propose a fuzzy logic and histogram based clipping algorithm called Fuzzy Clipped Contrast-Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization (FC-CLAHE) algorithm, which automates the selection of the clip-limit that is relevant to the mammogram and enhances the local contrast of digital mammograms. The fuzzy inference system designed to automate the selection of clip-limit requires a limited number of control parameters. The fuzzy rules are developed to make the clip limit flexible and variant to mammogram data without human intervention. Experiments are conducted using the 322 digital mammograms extracted from MIAS database. The performance of the proposed technique is compared with various histogram equalization methods based on image quality measurement tools such as Contrast Improvement Index (CII), Discrete Entropy (DE), Absolute Mean Brightness Coefficient (AMBC) and Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR). Experimental results show that the proposed FC-CLAHE algorithm produces better results than several state-of-art algorithms.     

基于粒子群优化的图像自适应增强方法

将免疫粒子群优化算法和非完全Beta函数结合,提出了一种自适应图像对比度增强方法.该免疫粒子群优化算法结合了粒子群优化算法具有的全局寻优能力和免疫系统的免疫信息处理机制,改善了粒子群优化算法摆脱局部极值点的能力.利用免疫粒子群优化算法自动搜索最佳的灰度变换参数,从而获得一条最佳的灰度变换曲线,实现对图像进行全局增强处理.实验结果表明,该算法不仅能有效地提高图像整体对比度和视觉效果,而且适合图像的自动化处理.     

图像拟仿射变换的DWT水印算法

提出一种图像拟仿射变换的DWT水印算法。该算法对水印图像的预处理采用有限整数域上的拟仿射变换,拟仿射变换有较好的置乱效果及较大的置乱周期,从图像信息加密的安全性角度来看,它优于Arnold等常见的几何置乱变换,利用混沌序列提取原始图像的若干块组成子图像,并对子图像进行三次小波变换,将加密图像嵌入到子图像中,并将子图像还原到原始图像的相应位置。实现了水印的透明性和鲁棒性。仿真实验结果表明,算法对常见的图像攻击具有较强的鲁棒性和稳健性。     

一种新的非均匀照度图像增强方法

构造一类基于双层位平面的亮度变换函数,结合快速局部值直方图均衡化算法,很好地解决了非均匀照度下图像对比度的增强问题。该算法首先提取图像的亮度位平面和对比度位平面,用这两个位平面对原始图像进行亮度变换,然后,利用快速局部值方图均衡化算法对变换后的图像进行增强。