方差自适应机动目标跟踪算法研究

针对机动目标弱机动时不能自适应调整,从而对弱机动目标跟踪精度不高的缺点,提出了一种改进的方差自适应机动目标跟踪算法。新算法将机动目标的运动状态分为弱机动状态和强机动状态,并通过新息平方的统计量和当前加速度估值进行机动自适应检测,能够根据目标当前的机动特性自适应调整过程噪声协方差矩阵,使运动模型与机动目标的当前运动状态相匹配,在保持对强机动目标跟踪性能的同时,实现了对弱机动目标更为精确的跟踪。仿真结果表明,改进算法对弱机动目标的跟踪性能明显优于当前统计模型。     

基于改进“当前”统计模型的转弯机动跟踪算法

针对转弯机动目标跟踪,提出一种改进的“当前”统计模型对角速度进行估计．该模型在当前统计（CS）模型的基础上,通过加权一个以新息方差之迹为参数的活化函数,对加速度方差和机动频率进行自适应处理,经滤波获得目标速度方向角．然后,将角度滤波获得的方向角度、角速度、角加速度作为曲线模型的输入,实时跟踪机动状态．新模型可准确估计目标的角速度,算法可显著提高转弯机动目标的跟踪精度,仿真实验验证了算法的有效性．     

基于"当前"统计模型的模糊自适应机动目标跟踪算法

结合"当前"统计模型在目标跟踪方面的优越性,提出了基于"当前"统计模型的模糊自适应机动目标跟踪算法,将模糊控制理论应用到"当前"统计模型跟踪算法中,避免了原方法加速度极限值需提前设定和方差调整有限的问题,改为加速度的估计值由其在三角隶属函数中的权重来确定.仿真结果表明该算法提高了对非机动和弱机动目标的跟踪精度,因而具有良好的跟踪性能.     

改进的CS-UKF加速度方差自适应跟踪算法

针对基于当前统计模型的状态噪声协方差阵中的加速度方差调整方法对一般机动目标、非机动目标跟踪精度差的问题,研究其改进方法;在建立机动目标当前统计模型离散状态方程和雷达导引头离散观测方程的基础上;利用雷达导引头测量信息和位置预测值之间的扰动对加速度方差进行调整,提出了改进的加速度方差自适应调整无迹卡尔曼滤波跟踪算法;数字仿真验证了该算法对非机动目标、一般机动目标以及高机动目标均具有良好的跟踪效果。     

一种双机动频率自适应算法研究

基于当前统计模型,研究机动目标跟踪过程中机动频率的自适应调整方法,使其值更加符合目标的实际机动状况。根据机动频率在噪声方差及状态转移矩阵中对增益的影响不同,设计一种双机动频率自适应算法。仿真表明,该自适应算法能快速跟踪加速度跳跃的机动目标,跟踪机动目标位置精度上有较大的改进。     

改进的机动目标当前统计模型自适应跟踪算法

针对机动目标当前统计模型自适应跟踪算法的加速度方差依赖于预先设定的加速度极值的问题,研究新的加速度方差调整方法。在机动目标当前统计模型的基础上,根据雷达实时观测信息,利用加速度扰动与位置变化量之间的物理关系,采用一种新的机动目标当前统计模型加速度方差自适应跟踪方法。仿真结果表明,新算法对高机动目标、一般机动目标均具有较高的跟踪精度,从而验证了新算法的正确性和有效性,对机动目标跟踪问题具有一定的实际应用价值。     

基于改进当前统计模型的自适应无源跟踪算法

针对无源跟踪中,标准当前统计模型无法自适应调整加速度极限值的缺点,设计了一种修正系数来通过机动目标的当前加速度自适应调整模型的加速度极限值,同时利用模糊控制的方法对修正系数的取值进行实时调整,实现了对当前统计模型的改进。最后结合容积卡尔曼滤波算法构造基于改进当前统计模型的自适应无源跟踪算法。仿真结果表明,相比基于标准当前统计模型的自适应跟踪算法,新算法对非机动目标、弱机动目标以及强机动目标都有更好的跟踪效果。     

一种改进的交互多模型算法

提出了一种对机动目标跟踪的交互多模型改进算法,将切向加速度均值自适应的当前统计模型与具有零均值一阶高斯-马尔可夫过程的非对称函数的法向加速度模型相结合的模型与常速模型进行交互。由于该算法对法向加速度精确建模,所以对机动目标的跟踪精度较高。仿真结果表明,该算法对机动目标的跟踪性能明显优于采用含有法向和切向加速度的加速度均值自适应的当前统计模型和常速模型进行交互的算法（IMM-CV/CS算法）。     

一种改进的机动再入目标自适应跟踪算法

在机动再入目标高精度跟踪问题的研究中,由于目标变化速度快,动态模型为非线性,传统的Jerk分段均匀假设和随机模型近似思想建立的机动再入目标分段匀Jerk模型和过程噪声自适应方法中,存在加速度的方差期望近似瞬时方差的固有误差.为解决上述问题,提出了改进的机动再入目标自适应模型及相应的容积卡尔曼滤波跟踪算法,采用加速度状态协方差修正项来近似加速度的瞬时方差,同时引入强跟踪渐消因子增强加速度状态修正项近似瞬时方差的能力,给出了更精 确的机动再入目标自适应模型;结合状态扩展方法和容积卡尔曼滤波算法实现了机动再入目标的高精度自适应跟踪.仿真结果表明:改进后的算法对机动再入目标跟踪具有更高的精度和稳定性,对目标机动性变化有更低敏感性.     

机动目标跟踪的机动频率自适应算法

为了更好地跟踪机动目标 ,提出了一种机动目标跟踪的改进方法 .利用目标的跟踪残差 ,求取跟踪滤波器的理论残差方差值 ,再根据统计的残差方差 ,建立了残差的假设检验阀值 .并对其算法进行了具体的推导 ,得出自适应选择机动频率的原则 ,使机动频率与目标的当前状态更接近 .对“当前”模型和改进后的模型进行了仿真 ,仿真结果表明该方法具有更小的跟踪误差 ,是可行和有效的     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

Call for Papers The 6^th International Conference on Grid and Cooperative Computing

Recent years have seen rapid advances in various grid-related technologies, middleware, and applications. The GCC conference has become one of the largest scientific events worldwide in grid and cooperative computing. The 6th international conference on grid and cooperative computing (GCC2007) Sponsored by China Computer Federation (CCF),Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICT) and Xinjiang University ,and in Cooperation with IEEE Computer Soceity ,is to be held from August 16 to 18, 2007 in Urumchi, Xinjiang, China.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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