多约束条件下机器人柔性装配技能自学习

机器人的装配策略受装配对象特性、装配工艺和装配控制方法的约束,针对装配过程接触阶段的位姿不确定性问题,提出一种装配姿态调整技能自学习的方法.首先描述多约束条件下的机器人装配技能问题,建立基于力/力矩、位姿、关节角度等多模信息描述的装配系统模型;然后构建融合竞争架构的机器人决策网络和策略优化网络,通过与环境的不断交互,进行装配姿态调整技能的学习;最后,在低压电器塑料外壳卡合装配实验平台上进行测试验证,结果表明,在工件特性、装配工艺、控制规律约束下,机器人采用技能学习的方法可以获得末端姿态调整的策略,完成卡合装配,比基于深度Q学习网络(DQN)的算法成功率提高7.4%.     

一个任务导向的装配机器人多传感器系统方法

本文介绍了一个用于装配机器人的多传感器系统的设计思想和实现方案.提出了在装配任务导向下的监测任务规划模型,讨论了多物理传感器信息融合方法,多目标三层次感知信息决策模型,以及相应的实现系统层次结构.目的是在目标级上实现装配机器人系统的动态闭环.     

断路器柔性装配车间数字孪生系统设计

为优化断路器装配车间的产线结构和作业方法,结合数字孪生技术,提出一种基于多机器人运动控制的断路器柔性自动化车间装配方案。面向自动化装配单元,结合工业机器人的柔性装配工艺及方法,对实体装配车间进行全物理属性的数字化建模,同时建立多机器人的运动学控制模型,将机器人的三维运动模型应用于虚拟孪生场景。通过数据的交互传递,实现物理单元与虚拟单元的实时链接,将车间机器人的运动轨迹、装配状态、作业运送流程等数据信息进行实时显示,从而实现断路器柔性装配数字孪生系统的搭建与同步映射。实验结果证明,所提方案对实现断路器柔性装配有显著效果。     

基于蒙特卡洛模拟的机器人工作站规划

机器人装配工作站是机器人柔性装配系统的主要组成部分。本文采用蒙特卡罗原理研究作业系统误差、机器人位姿误差补偿和机器人柔顺性对机器人装配过程的影响，从而确定上料装置和定位装置的最优位姿，本文所提出的工作站规划方法对设计机器人装配工作站具有实用价值。     

基于MBD的三维工艺设计在飞机型号研制中的应用

目前在型号研制过程中存在着装配工艺规划和仿真手段及其管理方式欠缺、对于设计数模的信息应用也不够深入、制造工程指令的表达方式与共享手段单一、三维工艺数据管理缺乏规范等问题。基于MBD的三维工艺设计与管理技术,主要针对工程数据集成管理、顶层工艺规划与管理、三维工艺设计与仿真、三维装配指令的生成与管理、三维装配工艺知识管理等内容进行了深入的研究,构建基于MBD技术的三维工艺设计系统的技术方案和配套的技术规范,并以某型号中机身为研究对象,对其进行了验证应用。     

多智能体专家型策略梯度的目标跟踪与清障

为适应复杂环境下目标跟踪机器人高效运动规划需求,本文提出一种基于多智能体强化学习的专家型策略梯度(ML-DDPG) 方法。为此首先构建了基于最小化任务单元的分布式多Actor-Critic网络架构;随后针对机器人主动障碍清除和目标跟踪任务建立了强化学习运动学模型和视觉样本预处理机制,由此提出一种专家型策略引导的最优目标价值估计方法;进一步通过并行化训练与集中式经验共享,提升了算法的训练效率;最后在不同任务环境下测试了ML-DDPG 算法的目标跟踪与清障性能表现,和其它算法对比验证了其在陌生环境中良好的迁移与泛化能力。     

基于模板的自顶向下并行装配设计

在分析产品设计系统的装配功能的基础上,提出了一个并行装配设计模式及装配模板与模板实例化的概念;在处理装配约束的虚拟表示与实例表示概念,使得系统具有了支持自顶向下和自底向上２种设计方法的能力。该方法已被成功地应用于参数化特征造型系统ＺＤ－ＭＣＡＤＩＩ中,证明了基于装配模板基础上的装配设计方法法能在零件设计级上有效地支持并行设计。     

机器人化装配

机器人化装配已成为机器人研究与应用的一个热点．１０年前，文献［１］已就此作了综述，本文旨在补充这以后的新成果．首先，简单介绍各种装配机器人和装配设计方法．然后对手腕的各种高精度插轴入孔措施，尤其是高速装配控制进行了详述．文末提出了一些研究方向．     

智能装配机器人机械零件知识库的自动建立

为了实现智能装配机器人能够模拟人装配机械零件,系统应包含有关装配所必需的知识.利用这些知识,机器人自动编制装配工艺规程.并自动安排机器人的一系列控制命令.机械零件知识库是基于知识的智能装配机器人规划系统中不可缺少的知识.本文介绍了由机器人的视觉系统摄入机械零件图纸后,如何由摄入的二值化图形自动建立机械零件知识库.     

机器人化柔性装配过程的模糊自动机模型

机器人化柔性装配系统是现代制造系统的重要研究内容之一．装配过程的建模是许多研究工作的基础．本文在分析装配过程的特点的基础上，将模糊自动机的理论和方法应用于装配过程的建模研究中，提出了一种机器人化柔性装配过程的模糊自动机模型     

一种仿生机器鱼游动控制的研究

针对现有仿生机器鱼水中碰撞响应处理较困难的问题,提出一种空间群体机器鱼的规划算法,群体中相近的机器鱼形成网络,互相共享环境和目标信息.而在该网络中的机器鱼路径规划采用集中式规划.从整体上来看全部的机器鱼路径规划方法采用集中式规划,但网络之间采用分布式规划方法.通过在仿真平台上的测试,仿真稳定可靠,达到预期设计目标.     

System Integration Techniques of Sharing and Collaboration among Work-groups, Computers and Processes

Systems Engineering (SE) and Concurrent Engineering (CE) implies sharing of information, data, process and knowledge [20] across different levels in an enterprise. Division of work into classes and then to the work-groups or to the concurrent sub-teams is one form of sharing large organizations like Ford Motor and General Motors have used [29]. Other forms of sharing are governed by the state of computer communications, workstation and database technologies [9]. For accomplishing the needed collaboration (and to facilitate concurrent engineering), several concepts and models for work-group computing were tried at Delphi Divisional units of Electronic Data Systems (EDS) and General Motors. Based on such experiences, the paper describes Systems Engineering and CE techniques for sharing information in a concurrent engineering organization, which has been found most effective for collaborating knowledge among a set of multidisciplinary work-groups, array of computers and processes.     

石化企业生产计划与能量系统集成研究

应用并行工程方法对生产计划与能量系统的集成进行了分析,提出了用于确定业务流程和信息流的业务过程模型,明确了系统的并行特性,采用并行工程方法建立了并行业务过程模型,并确定了用于数据建模的数据流,从而为集成效据库管理和集成软件系统的开发奠定了基础。     

Coordination by means of Synchronous and Asynchronous Communication in Concurrent Constraint Programming

Concurrent constraint programming has been thought as providing coordination of concurrent processes on the basis of the availability and sharing of information. It classically incorporates a form of asynchronous communication via a shared store. In previous work ([1,2]), we presented a new version of the ask and tell primitives which features asynchronicity and synchronicity, our approach being based on the idea of telling new information just in the case that a concurrently running process is asking for it. In this paper we focus on a semantic study of this new framework, called Sec.The authors thank K. Apt, M. Bonsangue, A. Brogi, J.W. de Bakker, F. de Boer, E. de Vinck, M. Gabbrielli, E. Horita, J. Kok, B. Le Charlier, U. Montanari, C. Palamidessi, J. Rutten, V. Saraswat, P.-Y. Schobbens, and P. Wegner for stimulating discussions on the semantics of concurrent languages.     

A Bioinspired Neural Network for Real-Time Concurrent Map Building and Complete Coverage Robot Navigation in Unknown Environments

Complete coverage navigation (CCN) requires a special type of robot path planning, where the robots should pass every part of the workspace. CCN is an essential issue for cleaning robots and many other robotic applications. When robots work in unknown environments, map building is required for the robots to effectively cover the complete workspace. Real-time concurrent map building and complete coverage robot navigation are desirable for efficient performance in many applications. In this paper, a novel neural-dynamics-based approach is proposed for real-time map building and CCN of autoxnomous mobile robots in a completely unknown environment. The proposed model is compared with a triangular-cell-map-based complete coverage path planning method (Oh , 2004) that combines distance transform path planning, wall-following algorithm, and template-based technique. The proposed method does not need any templates, even in unknown environments. A local map composed of square or rectangular cells is created through the neural dynamics during the CCN with limited sensory information. From the measured sensory information, a map of the robot's immediate limited surroundings is dynamically built for the robot navigation. In addition, square and rectangular cell map representations are proposed for real-time map building and CCN. Comparison studies of the proposed approach with the triangular-cell-map-based complete coverage path planning approach show that the proposed method is capable of planning more reasonable and shorter collision-free complete coverage paths in unknown environments.      

CAD-based generation of collision-free paths for robotic manipulators

The use of a CAD system can improve the overall efficiency of automated factories. This paper describes the utilization of a CAD system devoted to the off-line generation of collision-free paths for robotic manipulators. This tool is first applied in the case of a robotic manipulator in a moderately cluttered environment, next it is utilized it for planning collision-free paths for two robotic manipulators sharing a common workspace. The implemented off-line programming system is written in C, in X/Windows environment. In this way portability is effectively achieved. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.     

Selection of Strategies for Collision-free Motion in Multi-manipulator Systems

Strategy-based path planning was introduced by the authors as a way to give robotic manipulators some sort of reactive behaviour in dynamic and unpredictable environments. This approach is based on making robots react to moving obstacles using a restricted subset of the configuration space, and on using an off-line pre-planning stage to choose the restricted subset. In this paper, strategy-based path planning is applied and explored, focusing our attention on the off-line stage. It is applied to the joint motion of two and three robots that perform pick and place tasks sharing common working areas.     

A knowledge intensive multi-agent framework for cooperative/collaborative design modeling and decision support of assemblies

Multi-agent modeling has emerged as a promising discipline for dealing with decision making process in distributed information system applications. One of such applications is the modeling of distributed design or manufacturing processes which can link up various designs or manufacturing processes to form a virtual consortium on a global basis. This paper proposes a novel knowledge intensive multi-agent cooperative/collaborative framework for concurrent intelligent design and assembly planning, which integrates product design, design for assembly, assembly planning, assembly system design, and assembly simulation subjected to econo-technical evaluations. An AI protocol based method is proposed to facilitate the integration of intelligent agents for assembly design, planning, evaluation and simulation process. A unified class of knowledge intensive Petri nets is defined using the O-O knowledge-based Petri net approach and used as an AI protocol for handling both the integration and the negotiation problems among multi-agents. The detailed cooperative/collaborative mechanism and algorithms are given based on the knowledge objects cooperation formalisms. As such, the assembly-oriented design system can easily be implemented under the multi-agent-based knowledge-intensive Petri net framework with concurrent integration of multiple cooperative knowledge sources and software. Thus, product design and assembly planning can be carried out simultaneously and intelligently in an entirely computer-aided concurrent design and assembly planning system.     

面向并行工程的产品特征模型多视域转换平台

并行工程是产品传统开发方式的一种变革,核心就是实现产品信息在产品生命周期各个阶段的集成和共享。文章在分析特征转换技术的基础上,应用组件化程序设计技术,建立一个适合并行工程工作模式的产品多视域特征模型转换平台系统,通过建立的中间基本特征模型库可以实现产品信息在多视域间的共享和转换。对由设计域到加工域的转换知识的表示和建立进行研究,实现设计特征模型到加工特征模型的转换。建立的系统具有良好的编程语言无关性和可扩充性。