核模糊C均值算法的聚类有效性研究

针对核模糊C均值聚类（Kemelized Fuzzy C-Means，KFCM）算法的有效性评价，以核非线性映射为工具，将原空间中的六个著名有效性指标推广到高维特征空间，得到其对应的核化形式，并通过数值比较实验考察这些核化指标的性能及其对高斯核宽度β和模糊指数m的敏感特性。结果表明，在所考察的指标中，著名的Xie-Beni指标VXB及其改进指标VK的核化版本具有最好的性能和可靠性，可优先作为KFCM聚类算法的有效性准则。     

一种基于高斯核化有效性指标的自适应优选聚类数的FKCM

针对传统的模糊核聚类算法(FKCM)需给出聚类个数,且对初始值敏感、易陷入局部最优的缺点,本文提出了一种基于高斯核化有效性指标的自适应优选聚类数的模糊核聚类算法(GKVI-AOCN-FKCM)。利用基于密度和距离的方法选取初始聚类中心,克服了对初始值的敏感,提高了聚类效率。然后用高斯核函数核化后的有效性指标评价聚类效果并自动确定最佳分类数,从而无监督地实现对数据集的模糊划分。对Iris数据集的仿真实验及石脑油属性数据分类的应用验证了算法的可行性和有效性。     

Gap statistic与K-means算法

对于许多聚类算法来说,聚类有效性是一个至关重要的问题.文献中已经提出很多针对此问题的方法,Gap statistic方法就是其中之一.一般认为,Gap statistic可用于解决K-means算法的聚类有效性问题.但是,缺少实际的理论分析和相近的实验数据支持.对Gap statistic方法在k-means算法中是否可行进行了验证和分析.通过用Gap statistic对k-means算法聚类效果明显的数据集进行实验,将实验结果和文献中的结论做比较,说明了Gap statistic方法并没有达到预期的结果.将Xie-Beni指标和Gap statistic方法做比较,结果显示在K-means算法聚类有效时,Xie-Beni指标要优于Gap statistic方法.     

Gauss诱导核模糊c均值聚类算法

针对核模糊聚类算法优异的非线性表达能力,提出一种Gauss诱导核模糊c均值聚类算法(GIKFCMs)。首先,基于核目标函数和梯度法,得到特征空间聚类中心表达式,并通过内积运算得到聚类中心与样本的核矩阵表达式。其次,取核目标函数中的核函数为Gauss核函数,并利用梯度法得到输入空间聚类中心表达式。最后将聚类中心与样本的核矩阵代入输入空间聚类中心表达式中,从而得到GIKFCMs核聚类中心计算方法,同时得到相应的GIKFCMs核聚类算法。研究GIKFCMs算法的相关性质,分析算法的收敛性和初始化约束。GIKFCMs算法克服了原有核聚类算法在收敛性与初始化约束方面的缺陷。通过仿真实验验证了该算法的有效性。     

核聚类算法最佳聚类数的自适应确定方法

在分析核函数所隐式描述的样本间成对相似性的基础上，该文从统计的角度分别定义了能反映类内(类间)样本相似性的类内(类间)个体平均相似系数，设计了一个高效的评价核聚类算法聚类质量的有效性指标。该指标具有物理意义清晰、计算简洁以及对核参数具备一定鲁棒性的优点。在此基础上，提出了一个能自动确定最佳聚类数目和最佳划分的自适应核聚类(SAKC)算法。Benchmarks实验结果验证了所提出的聚类有效性指标及其SAKC算法的有效性和良好性能。     

新模糊聚类有效性指标

模糊聚类是模式识别、机器学习和图像处理等领域的重要研究内容。模糊C-均值聚类算法是最常用的模糊聚类实现算法,该算法需要预先给定聚类数才能对数据集进行聚类。提出了一种新的聚类有效性指标,对聚类结果进行有效性验证。该指标从划分熵、隶属度、几何结构角度,定义了紧凑度、分离度、重叠度三个重要特征测量。在此基础上,提出了一种最佳聚类数确定方法。将新聚类有效性指标和传统有效性指标在6个人工数据集和3个真实数据集进行实验验证。实验结果表明,所提出的指标和方法能够有效地对聚类结果进行评估,适合确定样本的最佳聚类数。     

基于核的非凸数据模糊K-均值聚类研究

将模糊K-均值聚类算法与核函数相结合，采用基于核的模糊K-均值聚类算法来进行聚类。核函数隐含地定义了一个非线性变换，将数据非线性映射到高维特征空间来增加数据的可分性。该算法能够解决模糊K-均值聚类算法对于非凸形状数据不能正确聚类的问题。     

基于核的可能性聚类算法

针对模糊C-均值算法聚类分析时的缺陷，采用能够较好地处理噪音和孤立点的可能性聚类算法，并将核学习方法的思想应用于可能性聚类算法中，提出一种基于核的可能性聚类算法。该方法利用Mercer核将观察空间的待分类样本点经过一个非线性映射后，映射到一个高维的核空间，突出不同类别样本之间的特征差异，使得原来线性不可分的样本点在核空间中变得更加线性可分，从而更好地聚类。经仿真实验表明，基于核的可能性聚类算法比模糊C-均值以及可能性聚类算法具有更好的聚类效果，且算法能够很快地收敛。     

基于改进型模糊聚类的模糊系统建模方法

结合减法聚类和模糊C均值聚类，提出了一种改进型聚类算法，加快了收敛速度．利用改进后的算法对模糊系统输入或输出的样本集聚类，对聚类结果采用Trust-Region法拟合高斯型和S型函数，以实现模糊系统输入、输出空间的划分和隶属度函数参数的确定．结合MATLAB的模糊和曲线拟合工具箱，详述了如何在标准算法上进行改进和模糊系统建模．通过对IRIS标准数据聚类实验以及在解决机械加工误差复映问题上的应用，验证了改进后算法和建模方法的有效性．     

基于核的K-均值聚类

将核学习方法的思想应用于K-均值聚类中，提出了一种核K-均值聚类算法，算法的主要思想是：首先将原空间中待聚类的样本经过一个非线性映射，映射到一个高维的核空间中，突出各类样本之间的特征差异，然后在这个核空间中进行K-均值聚类。同时还将一种新的核函数应用于核K-均值聚类中以提高算法的速度。为了验证算法的有效性，分别利用人工和实际数据进行K-均值聚类和核K-均值聚类，实验结果显示对于一些特殊的类分布数据，核K-均值聚类比K-均值聚类具有更好的聚类效果。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

Call for Papers The 6^th International Conference on Grid and Cooperative Computing

Recent years have seen rapid advances in various grid-related technologies, middleware, and applications. The GCC conference has become one of the largest scientific events worldwide in grid and cooperative computing. The 6th international conference on grid and cooperative computing (GCC2007) Sponsored by China Computer Federation (CCF),Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICT) and Xinjiang University ,and in Cooperation with IEEE Computer Soceity ,is to be held from August 16 to 18, 2007 in Urumchi, Xinjiang, China.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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