访问控制框架中的策略加权

本文针对访问控制框架中的策略给出加权因子以体现其在策略框架中的重要性及对访问决定的影响程度。在模糊逻辑中加权模型真值计算思想上,提出访问控制框架加权策略下访问请求判定模型。该模型结合计算机逻辑中表示析取和合取的不同操作符,给出加权策略下访问判定的计算公式,访问判定值再与系统访问判定门陷值进行比较,以决定该访问请求是否授权。模型通过计算访问请求的授权许可值而给出判定,这比传统的访问请求授权方法更细粒度、易于理解,更能满足实际系统的需要,并增强系统的安全性。     

加权多粒度直觉模糊信息系统的粗糙集模型及其决策*

针对现有多粒度直觉模糊粗糙集决策模型的不足,提出粒度加权的多粒度直觉模糊粗糙集模型.首先研究加权多粒度直觉模糊粗糙集的基本性质,分析加权多粒度直觉模糊粗糙集与乐观多粒度、悲观多粒度直觉模糊粗糙集之间的关系,并给出这几种模型不确定度量之间的关系.然后给出决策规则的置信度和支持度定义以及决策规则的获取方法,弥补目前常用的多粒度直觉模糊粗糙集的不足.最后通过决策实例分析验证文中模型的有效性.     

基于模糊逻辑的几类Kripke结构之间的关系

根据初始状态、状态之间的转换关系和命题赋值函数是否为分明的,模糊Kripke结构可分为8类。提出将模糊计算树逻辑作为判断模糊Kripke结构之间是否是等价的依据;详细讨论了8种模糊Kripke结构之间的关系。这些结论为设计应用中模型的合理选取提供了理论依据,也为解决模糊计算树逻辑的模型检测问题提供了一种新的方法。     

基于中介真值程度的成绩评价算法设计

成绩评价是学生学习活动过程中一项重要的工作,评价方法要求客观、全面和公正.以中介数学系统为背景,为处理工程实践和科学研究中普遍存在的模糊现象提供一种度量逻辑真值程度的方法,即引入中介真值程度的度量方法来研究成绩评价方法.在确定所给的考试分数区域与其对应谓词的真值之间的关系后,根据真值程度函数进行了算法设计,给出了成绩的单项和综合评价.通过实例分析可以看出,该算法设计能全面、定性地反映个体成绩的优劣,方法更科学、公正和全面.鉴于评价系统的相似性,文中所涉及的中介真值程度的度量算法在评价、决策与管理科学中会得到广泛应用.     

基于一类严格三角范数的命题逻辑

剩余模糊逻辑演算与连续三角范数是紧密相关的,三角范数是合取联结词的真值函数,三角范数的剩余是蕴涵联结词的真值函数. 在这些逻辑中,非运算都是由蕴涵和真值常量0定义的,即(→)P∶P→0-.在本文中,我们引入一种具有对合性质的强非运算联结词"～"和投影联结词"Δ",证明基于严格泛与运算模型T(x,y,h)(h∈(0.75,1))的命题演算逻辑PC(T)系统是基本严格模糊逻辑SBL;PC(T)～是基本严格模糊逻辑SBL的扩张SBL～.     

一种模糊区域的拓扑关系模型

空间区域拓扑关系建模是空间推理、地理信息系统(GIS)和计算机视觉等领域一个非常重要的主题，模糊区域的拓扑关系建模正日益受到相关领域研究者的重视，在分析现有模型的基础上，提出了一种模糊区域的拓扑关系模型，该模型利用模糊集来表示模糊区域，通过三个谓词的真值来判断区域间的拓扑关系，将分明区域作为特例统一处理，根据谓词的多种真值能够实现多层次上的拓扑关系分析．     

分布式问题求解方案的模糊综合评价模型及其算法实现

为解决现阶段大型复杂工程方案评价缺少实用理论分析工具的问题,文章应用“主因素突出型”和“因素加权型”两种多阶段模糊评判模型,实现了一种适合大型工程分布式协同设计的方案模糊综合评价算法。文中首先分析了大型工程分布式问题求解过程,提出了一种面向工程的分布式问题求解逻辑结构;其次详细分析了多阶段方案模糊评价模型以及模糊综合评价算法的流程框图及其实现过程。     

复合模糊命题的弱逻辑关系及其运算方法

对模糊专家系统中的复合模糊命题的真值计算方法进行探讨,从实际应用中总结出复合模糊命题中的子命题之间所具有多种逻辑关系,诸如合联关系、析取关系、加权平均关系和弱逻辑关系,其中弱逻辑关系是笔者开发模糊专家系统时根据实际情况首次提出的一种新的逻辑关系,并总结出复合模糊命题的各种真值计算方法的适用范围。进而提出处理弱逻辑关系的方法,最后将弱逻辑关系与其它逻辑关系作比较。     

一种改进的基于规则的带权模糊推理算法

给出了一种基于带权模糊Petri网的模糊推理算法，这种算法可以适用于一类基于规则的系统，即可以对该类系统的带权模糊Petri网模型进行相应的处理。对系统建立了知识表示的带权模糊Petri网模型，使用该算法可以确定用户给定的库所之间是否存在联系，即相应的命题之间是否存在因果关系，可以计算出命题的模糊真值。对具体的算例进行了分析并与已有的算法进行了比较，得出该算法的优点。     

模糊逻辑的研究

推理的不确定性在人工智能研究中占有十分重要的地位,模糊逻辑是不确定性推理的基础,文章首先指出作者常用的“累加型”加权模糊逻辑的缺点,并在此基础上,给出了“最大一平均”加权模糊逻辑的模型。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate