本体的查询与推理研究

现今,计算机网络被广泛应用于生活的方方面面,而从海量的信息中搜寻出人们所需要的还存在诸多问题,于是产生了本体的概念.而本体的查询和推理是基于本体的应用中重要的组成部分,研究的目的是为了使知识得以充分表达并且对信息的查询更加精确、完备.首先介绍了本体的概念并建立本体模型,然后用本体查询语言SPARQL对已有模型进行查询并用SWRL对模型进行语义规则的扩充;最后介绍了Jena,并对本体模型进行推理,由此获得了更多知识.结论就是,在利用SPARQL和Jena进行查询与推理的过程中,推理将提高查询能力,而规则是提高推理能力的关键     

本体的查询与推理研究

现今,计算机网络被广泛应用于生活的方方面面,而从海量的信息中搜寻出人们所需要的还存在诸多问题,于是产生了本体的概念。而本体的查询和推理是基于本体的应用中重要的组成部分,研究的目的是为了使知识得以充分表达并且对信息的查询更加精确、完备。首先介绍了本体的概念并建立本体模型,然后用本体杳询语言SPARQL对已有模型进行查询并用SWRL对模型进行语义规则的扩充;最后介绍了Jena,并对本体模型进行推理,由此获得了更多知识。结论就足,在利用SPARQL和Jena进行查询与推理的过程中,推理将提高查询能力,而规则是提高推理能力的关键。     

基于本体的业务源模型知识库构建及应用研究

针对当前网络业务源模型领域的知识表示及复用问题,采用本体技术实现了业务源模型领域本体的建模,形成一种标准化格式的异构信息知识库。通过分析业务源模型领域的相关知识,以改进的本体构建七步法为指导,利用Web本体语言OWL(Web Ontology Language)对业务源模型领域中的概念、属性及概念和属性之间的关系进行知识表示,将语义特征引入业务源模型知识库;利用本体查询语言和本体推理机,结合具体应用场景实现基于语义的知识检索,以验证其实用价值;在上述基础上设计开发了业务源模型智能检索系统,验证了所建本体的合理性和通用性。实验结果表明,采用本体技术能有效提高查询和推理的准确度。     

基于推理的语义网检索模型及关键技术研究

为解决语义网检索过程中缺少推理导致语义检索性能不高的问题,提出一个基于推理的语义网检索模型,并介绍了该模型实现的关键技术.针对构建的领域本体,使用SWRL规则语言进行本体完善把本体中的隐性知识表示出来;在信息抽取过程中,对于识别出的实体,利用推理规则,获得更加丰富的实例知识库;对于用户输入的查询条件,利用完善的本体知识库及规则得到更多的相似概念实现查询扩展;进行语义匹配,获得更为精准的检索结果.实验结果表明,该模型能提高信息检索的语义性,得到较满意的信息检索结果.     

网络教学平台中问答系统的关键技术研究

提出采用一种基于本体知识库,利用领域本体知识全面权衡用户查询概念的各种关联,对关键词进行相似度和相关度扩展,结合相关度与相似度的查询扩展方法,并通过本体推理机和自定义推理规则抽取答案的问答系统并应用到网络教学平台。     

知识网格中基于领域本体的智能检索

本文提出知识网格环境下基于领域本体的智能检索模型,采用OWL DL语言对领域知识进行形式化描述,支持推理和深层语义检索.＂标注＂和＂查询优化＂是检索的两个关键技术.通过规范的概念和概念间语义关系对文档片段进行标注,并针对＂一词多义＂问题提出＂主题-概念＂两阶段消歧算法.＂查询优化＂过程中,基于OWL DL推理的优化算法实现查询概念的自动扩展,提高了查全率和查准率.基于以上方法,建立航天领域本体,利用网上数据库开放资源作为测试集进行评测.实验显示,与传统基于     

基于BaseX数据库的OWL本体存储查询研究

针对目前基于关系型数据库等存储模式的本体存储查询效率较低的情况,提出使用XML数据库BaseX进行本体的存储,并设计了相应的本体存储查询架构。在对BaseX存储结构与接口的研究基础上,实现对OWL本体的存储。利用BaseX的查询接口和XQuery查询语言对OWL本体进行检索,在建立推理规则库基础上,实现本体查询扩展与推理。实验将提出的存储查询方法与基于关系型数据库的存储查询方法进行对比,验证了提出的方法具备高效的存储查询性能,同时具备本体查询的推理能力。     

基于本体的教育资源推理查询原型系统设计与实现

针对当前教育资源库存在的通用性差和缺乏语义查询等缺陷,将语义Web的重要基础本体及其推理和查询技术应用到教育资源领域,实现一个基于本体的教育资源推理查询原型系统。利用本体构建方法及建模工具protégé,以数据结构课程为例,构建一个基于元数据标准的教育资源领域本体;制定教育资源领域本体知识点推理规则,提出改进的语义相似度算法;设计并实现基于本体的教育资源推理查询原型系统。通过实验验证,该系统的查全率与查准率均高于基于关键字的查询。     

面向Oracle 11g的语义查询集成平台

在VOEditor本体可视化编辑器的基础上,结合本体的相关知识,采用Oracle 11g和其他推理引擎的语义技术,开发一个基于语义的信息查询集成平台原型系统,介绍其体系结构、主要查询机制、实现技术及初步使用情况。结果表明,该系统能对知识库进行不同程度的推理查询,并能支持大型的语义应用。     

权限扩展RBAC模型的本体表示和实现

针对基于角色的访问控制(RBAC)模型对权限实体的刻画能力不足,提出了带权限层次扩展的RBAC模型。为结合本体在知识表示和推理方面的优势,提出了该模型的本体表示和实现方法。该方法使用Web本体语言(OWL)表示该扩展模型,借助语义Web规则语言(SWRL)定义模型中应用逻辑规则,隐式授权知识经规则推理获得。在此基础上,通过SPARQL协议和RDF查询语言(SPARQL)查询命令生成显式和隐式授权视图,实现系统安全状态分析。最后,给出了具体应用示例,表明该方法的可行性。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate