小波变换的语音去噪方法

提出一种改进的语音去噪处理方法：二次小波分解全局阈值法。该方法不同于传统阈值滤波方法,首先对语音信号的高频部分进行二次分解,然后应用阈值滤波的方法对信号进行去噪处理。该方法在MATLAB上进行了模拟实验,实验结果表明该方法提高了信噪比,去除了大部分噪声,相当完整地保留了有效信号能量,很好地解决噪声对语音信号干扰的问题。     

最大类间方差法在寻北仪信号降噪中的应用

在分析了陀螺噪声信号的特点以及现有去除陀螺噪声方法的基础上,将最大类间方差法应用到陀螺寻北仪输出信号的滤波处理中,从而有效地减小了信号中的高频噪声,提高了信噪比,抑制了陀螺仪的漂移.介绍了该方法的原理与实现过程,并结合陀螺寻北仪的实地振动实验,对陀螺寻北仪的实测数据进行了分析研究,证明了使用该方法对陀螺寻北仪输出信号进行滤波处理的可行性和有效性.     

心电图中滤除基线漂移的研究

介绍了一种利用中值滤波器来滤除信号中基线漂移的方法。由于中值滤波器是一种非线性信号处理方法,具有计算简单,处理速度快的特点,从而能在有效抑制基线漂移噪声的情况下,提高整体的运算速度。采用MIT-BIH数据库中的心电数据对该方法进行检验,结果显示该方法能很好地滤除ECG中的基线漂移噪声,同时将该方法与常用的两种方法进行实时性比较,实验结果表明该方法在确保信号不失真的情况下,提高了系统的运算速度。     

基于Transformer的汽轮机滚动轴承早期微弱故障检测方法研究

为了应对滚动轴承早期微弱故障的挑战本文提出了一种新的方法。该方法首先采用PCA（主成分分析）对振动信号进行特征筛选，以降低数据维度，有效地简化了振动数据的结构，增强了特征的表达力。接着，使用CEEMDAN（完全自适应噪声集合经验模态分解）算法来分解被背景噪声干扰的微弱故障振动信号，它通过在经验模态分解（EMD）的基础上引入自适应噪声，增强了对微弱特征的识别能力，有够效地分离出趋势和噪声数据，显著提高了故障诊断的准确性。最后，引入Transformer模型，进一步优化了特征的提取和表征，实现对长序列数据的高效处理，用于微弱故障特征的提取和表征。这一综合方法具有降维、噪声抑制和长序列处理等多重优势，有望在滚动轴承故障检测中取得显著成果。     

基于小波分解的自适应滤波算法及其应用

在管道运行时，由于管道摩阻、周围介质扩散等影响，使得测得的压力与流量信号带有很大的噪声，当噪声频率很宽时，自适应滤波器的参数设置比较困难，致使去噪效果不明显。为此，提出了一种基于小波分解的自适应滤波算法，该算法基于信号和噪声经小波变换后在不同尺度上有不同的特征，即先对信号进行小波多尺度分解，然后对各尺度分解的信号分别选用不同的滤波参数，进行自适应滤波处理。并用该方法对在管道泄漏实验中采集的信号进行降噪处理。结果表明，该方法比普通的自适应滤波方法更能有效地消除信号中的噪声。     

改进CEEMDAN-小波包阈值降噪在旋转机械轴承中的应用

针对旋转机械滚动轴承振动加速度信号在采集过程中存在大量噪声导致振动信号表征不明显的问题，提出了一种在对自适应噪声完备集合经验模态分解(CEEMDAN)进行改进的基础上与小波包阈值降噪联合的一种数据去噪方法。首先，通过计算分解后得到的各分量的均方根和互相关系数对与原始信号相关性较大的分量进行提取；然后，分别计算提取后每个分量对应的阈值进行小波包阈值降噪处理；最后，将处理后的信号与分量中不存在噪声的分量进行叠加，即为降噪后的信号。经过对比实验验证，改进CEEMDAN-小波包阈值降噪方法的信噪比最大提高6.41,均方根误差降低0.12,证明了本方法的有效性。     

一种新的未知雷达辐射源聚类分选方法

未知雷达信号的分选一直是雷达对抗情报处理中的难题。因此,提出了一种新的基于数据势场聚类的未知雷达信号分选方法。该方法无需预先指定分类数,利用信号参数之间的关联性自动进行聚类,以此达到分选的效果。同时方法适宜于处理大量数据,对噪声影响不敏感,无需先验知识支撑。最后,通过计算机仿真验证了该方法的可行性和有效性。     

基于EMD阈值算法的脉冲涡流信号消噪

针对脉冲涡流信号夹杂着较多的高频噪声,提出了一种新的经验模态分解阈值消噪算法。首先将信号分解为多个本征模态函数（Intrinsic Mode Function,IMF）,对信噪比低的高频IMF进行减小噪声能量处理后得到重组信号;再对重组信号进行EMD分解后根据白噪声统计特性对IMF筛选,对噪声含量多的IMF进行小波阈值消噪;最后将处理过的IMF与噪声含量少的IMF重构得到消噪后的信号。实验仿真的结果和数据表明,该方法可以减少失真,获得更高的信噪比,能够较好地消除噪声的干扰恢复出原始的信号。     

一种基于模糊逻辑的数字信号滤波方法

提出了一种用模糊逻辑推理对数字信号进行滤波的方法.根据带有噪声信号的特性,通过比较该信号与其前、后几个信号的差异,再运用模糊逻辑推理规则,就可以判断出该信号是否带有噪声,并对其进行处理.通过实验说明:该方法可以滤除信号中带有的脉冲噪声和同分布噪声,方法简单,结果满意.     

基于三维曲波变换的弱信号恢复方法研究

传统的弱信号恢复方法在强噪声背景下具有较大的局限性,有用的信息往往淹没在强噪声背景下不易被识别。针对这个难点,提出一种基于三维曲波变换的弱信号恢复的方法。该方法将三维曲波变换和自适应滤波器相融合,从而提高数据中弱信号的能量,使得弱信号更易于被恢复。为了验证该方法的有效性,对楔形模型与实际三维数据进行处理。实验结果表明,恢复后的数据信噪比提高了2 dB到3 dB,频带也被拓宽了150 Hz,弱信号得到较好的恢复。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate