转向架齿轮箱吊杆的优化设计

针对某转向架齿轮箱吊杆开发设计过程中吊杆原始结构工作安全因数过大的问题,为进行轻量化设计,基于OptiStruct采用拓扑优化结合自由形状优化的方法对吊杆进行优化设计.优化后吊杆的质量减轻约38.3%,其工作安全因数和刚度满足要求.     

基于拓扑优化的新能源汽车摆臂轻量化设计

为对某新能源车型前悬挂下摆臂进行结构轻量化设计,运用悬挂动力学模型提取摆臂各连接点在各工况下的静载荷,结合拓扑优化分析方法,获得摆臂的最佳传力路径和材料分布,明确轻量化优化方向。优化结果表明,优化后的摆臂强度满足设计要求,质量减小27%。     

某大兆瓦风电机组主机架多阶段多目标优化

为解决大兆瓦风电机组主机架研发难度大、周期长的问题,采用贯穿主机架全生命周期的多阶段多目标优化方法进行研发设计.在概念设计阶段侧重于获得主机架初始构型,以机架材料分布为设计变量,以材料体积为约束条件,以各工况极限强度为目标进行拓扑优化;在详细设计阶段侧重于机架的轻量化,以主机架结构尺寸为设计变量,以疲劳性能为约束条件,以各工况极限强度和机架质量最小为目标进行参数优化.分析结果表明:通过该方法得到的主机架不仅能满足设计要求,而且可以大大缩短研发周期、提高研发效率.     

列车车辆设备安装的过渡件结构优化和应用

对某型号列车车辆下部设备安装的过渡件进行结构分析,发现结构强度冗余较大.为提高材料使用率,减小列车整车整备质量,开展结构轻量化设计研究并提出改进措施.对常用底架设备安装方式进行有限元分析,利用OptiStruct对过渡件进行拓扑优化.根据材料工艺成型特点和结构安全要求对结构进行重新设计,并对新结构进行形状优化,获得最佳优化效果的结构设计方案.     

卫星载荷安装平台结构轻量优化与仿真分析

结构轻量化是目前航天器设计的发展趋势.以国内某高精度成像卫星有效载荷安装平台为对象,为了降低卫星平台的质量,同时满足其在复杂外热流环境下的热变形要求,分别采用拓扑优化与铺层优化两种方法对卫星安装平台进行轻量优化设计.在整星有限元热变形分析基础上,以载荷安装平台的质量最轻为目标,对结构进行优化设计,并对整星进行模态分析以验证设计方案的可靠性.两种优化方法均满足结构热变形设计要求,相比拓扑优化方法,铺层优化方法可以大幅降低安装平台质量,并且可行性高.     

基于Hyperworks的平衡轴支架拓扑优化设计

拓扑优化是一种根据载荷、约束及优化目标寻求结构材料最佳分配的优化方法,既可用于全新产品的概念设计,又可用于已有产品的改进设计;基于Hyperworks平台采用变密度法进行重卡平衡轴支架的拓扑优化设计,对优化后的重卡平衡轴支架进行有限元分析,将其应力分布、质量与原设计做比较;研究表明,经拓扑优化后的重卡平衡轴悬轴支架,应力大小大幅度减少,应力分布更加均匀,质量大幅度减少,实现了轻量化,为平衡轴支架结构的改进设计提供了重要的技术信息。     

基于Isight与Tosca的抗侧滚扭杆装置优化分析

基于Isight和Tosca软件对抗侧滚扭杆装置轻量化设计问题进行优化分析.采用Isight软件集成Abaqus软件对扭杆轴进行结构参数优化分析;采用Tosca软件集成Abaqus软件和fe-safe软件对扭转臂进行结构拓扑优化分析,研究扭杆轴与扭转臂的轻量化设计方法.     

Optistruct优化结构设计实例

本文主要介绍Optistruct软件优化方法在结构设计改进中的应用。通过使用拓扑优化和形貌优化方法对一款摩托车后挡泥板进行结构优化。使用自由形状优化方法对发动机减震衬套的截面进行优化。     

基于ANSYS Workbench的T形结构优化设计

针对T形结构传统设计周期长、材料利用率低、设计成本高等问题,使用SolidWorks建立数字模型,将其转换成ANSYS Workbench可读的格式文件,进行拓扑优化设计。对T形结构在载荷作用下进行最优化设计,建立以单元材料密度为设计变量,以结构最小柔顺度为目标函数,以质量减少百分比为约束函数的数学模型。采用ANSYS Workbench的Topology Optimization模块进行拓扑优化设计,对比优化前、后结构的应力和变形,可知运用拓扑优化技术实现T形结构的轻量化设计合理有效。     

基于有限元分析的地铁车辆转向架构架优化设计

为实现地铁车辆转向架的轻量化设计,参照国际标准UIC 615-4,计算某地铁车辆转向架构架的主要载荷.将垂向载荷、横向载荷和纵向载荷等6种载荷组合成5种超常载荷工况,经有限元强度分析,找出应力薄弱点.通过优化模型的建立和OptiStruct的优化,实现转向架构架的轻量化设计,总质量减轻约12%.     

Structural topology optimization with constraints on multi-fastener joint loads

This paper addresses an important problem of design constraints on fastener joint loads that are well recognized in the design of assembled aircraft structures. To avoid the failure of fastener joints, standard topology optimization is extended not only to minimize the structural compliance but also to control shear loads intensities over fasteners. It is shown that the underlying design scheme is to ameliorate the stiffness distribution over the structure in accordance with the control of load distributions over fastener joints. Typical examples are studied by means of topology optimization with joint load constraints and the standard compliance design. The effects of joint load constraints are highlighted by comparing numerical optimization results obtained by both methods. Meanwhile, resin models of optimized designs are fabricated by rapid prototyping process for loading test experiments to make sure the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

Topology optimization for the seismic design of truss-like structures

A practical optimization method is applied to design nonlinear truss-like structures subjected to seismic excitation. To achieve minimum weight design, inefficient material is gradually shifted from strong parts to weak parts of a structure until a state of uniform deformation prevails. By considering different truss structures, effects of seismic excitation, target ductility and buckling of the compression members on optimum topology are investigated. It is shown that the proposed method could lead to 60% less structural weight compared to optimization methods based on elastic behavior and equivalent static loads, and is efficient at controlling performance parameters under a design earthquake.     

Optimal topology design of structures under dynamic loads

When elastic structures are subjected to dynamic loads, a propagation problem is considered to predict structural transient response. To achieve better dynamic performance, it is important to establish an optimum structural design method. Previous work focused on minimizing the structural weight subject to dynamic constraints on displacement, stress, frequency, and member size. Even though these methods made it possible to obtain the optimal size and shape of a structure, it is necessary to obtain an optimal topology for a truly optimal design. In this paper, the homogenization design method is utilized to generate the optimal topology for structures and an explicit direct integration scheme is employed to solve the linear transient problems. The optimization problem is formulated to find the best configuration of structures that minimizes the dynamic compliance within a specified time interval. Examples demonstrate that the homogenization design method can be extended to the optimal topology design method of structures under impact loads.Presented at WCSMO-2, held in Zakopane, Poland, 1997     

A sequential coupling of optimal topology and multilevel shape design applied to two-dimensional nonlinear magnetostatics

In this paper, a sequential coupling of two-dimensional (2D) optimal topology and shape design is proposed so that a coarsely discretized and optimized topology is the initial guess for the following shape optimization. In between, we approximate the optimized topology by piecewise Bézier shapes via least square fitting. For the topology optimization, we use the steepest descent method. The state problem is a nonlinear Poisson equation discretized by the finite element method and eliminated within Newton iterations, while the particular linear systems are solved using a multigrid preconditioned conjugate gradients method. The shape optimization is also solved in a multilevel fashion, where at each level the sequential quadratic programming is employed. We further propose an adjoint sensitivity analysis method for the nested nonlinear state system. At the end, the machinery is applied to optimal design of a direct electric current electromagnet. The results correspond to physical experiments. This research has been supported by the Austrian Science Fund FWF within the SFB “Numerical and Symbolic Scientific Computing” under the grant SFB F013, subprojects F1309 and F1315, by the Czech Ministry of Education under the grant AVČR 1ET400300415, by the Czech Grant Agency under the grant GAČR 201/05/P008 and by the Slovak Grant Agency under the project VEGA 1/0262/03.     

柔性变形机翼后缘拓扑优化设计

为了实现机翼表面的自适应变形和结构轻量化,将柔件机构引入到机翼后缘形状变化结构设计中.应用连续体拓扑优化技术,以实际位移与目标位移之间的偏差为目标函数,材料用量为约束,建立SIMP(solid isotropic material with penalization)密度刚度插值模型.采用Matlab编程对柔性机构进行了优化设计,并对不同参数下的优化结果进行了讨论,最后进行机构的仿真分析.研究结果显示该柔性机构能够实现预期的形状变化,证明了方法的正确性,为柔性机翼设计提供理论基础.     

A performance index for topology and shape optimization of plate bending problems with displacement constraints

This paper presents a performance index for topology and shape optimization of plate bending problems with displacement constraints. The performance index is developed based on the scaling design approach. This performance index is used in the Performance-Based Optimization (PBO) method for plates in bending to keep track of the performance history when inefficient material is gradually removed from the design and to identify optimal topologies and shapes from the optimization process. Several examples are provided to illustrate the validity and effectiveness of the proposed performance index for topology and shape optimization of bending plates with single and multiple displacement constraints under various loading conditions. The topology optimization and shape optimization are undertaken for the same plate in bending, and the results are evaluated by using the performance index. The proposed performance index is also employed to compare the efficiency of topologies and shapes produced by different optimization methods. It is demonstrated that the performance index developed is an effective indicator of material efficiency for bending plates. From the manufacturing and efficient point of view, the shape optimization technique is recommended for the optimization of plates in bending. Received November 27, 1998?Revised version received June 6, 1999     

Multi-objective concurrent topology optimization of thermoelastic structures composed of homogeneous porous material

The present paper studies multi-objective design of lightweight thermoelastic structure composed of homogeneous porous material. The concurrent optimization model is applied to design the topologies of light weight structures and of the material microstructure. The multi-objective optimization formulation attempts to find minimum structural compliance under only mechanical loads and minimum thermal expansion of the surfaces we are interested in under only thermo loads. The proposed optimization model is applied to a sandwich elliptically curved shell structure, an axisymmetric structure and a 3D structure. The advantage of the concurrent optimization model to single scale topology optimization model in improving the multi-objective performances of the thermoelastic structures is investigated. The influences of available material volume fraction and weighting coefficients are also discussed. Numerical examples demonstrate that the porous material is conducive to enhance the multi-objective performance of the thermoelastic structures in some cases, especially when lightweight structure is emphasized. An “optimal” material volume fraction is observed in some numerical examples.     

基于拓扑优化的空间遥感器电控箱的结构设计

针对目前空间遥感器电控箱结构设计中难于同时保证结构优重量轻且刚度高的问题,提出了采用拓扑优化方法对空间遥感器电控箱结构进行优化设计的方案,并采用有限元分析法对拓扑优化模型得出两种结构形式进行校验:依据电控箱工作环境,充分考虑其应具有抗电磁干扰性及有效散热等要求,对拓扑优化得到的模型进一步细化,通过有限元法比较两种结构,最终确定一种较优的结构.结果显示该设计方法缩短了设计周期,提高了电控箱的整体性能,达到预定的技术指标.其对相关设计具有一定的借鉴意义.