基于归一化相关矩的多分辨率遥感图象融合

多传感器数据融合技术已广泛应用于遥感图象处理方面 .针对遥感多光谱图象空间分辨率较低的问题 ,提出了一种基于归一化相关矩的多分辨率图象融合方法 .该方法首先对图象进行二维小波变换 ,然后根据所得到的高频小波系数的一阶、二阶统计特征来定义图象局部灰度相关矩 ,并以此作为图象融合测度来对遥感图象进行多分辨率特征融合 ,从而得到包含更多信息和有效特征的融合图象 .仿真结果表明 ,融合后的图象在保留多光谱信息和提高空间分辨率上均能获得较好的效果 ,因而可以更好地用于目标识别、分类等遥感图象处理方面     

基于小波包变换的遥感图象融合

为了能够更好地把来自多传感器的图象信息综合起来，以提高对图象信息的分析和提取能力，在研究了小波包图象分析法之后，提出了一种基于小波包变换的图象融合方法，由于小波包变换能对图象进行多层次分解，包括对小波变换没有细分的高频部分也能进行进一步的分解，因此小波包分析能够为图象提供一种比小波多分辨分析更加精细的分析方法，利用此融合算法将由多传感器获得的同一目标不同波段的遥感图象和不同分辨率的遥感图象进行融合后得到的融合图象，能够很好地将源图象的细节融合在一起，通过与该融合图象进行主观与客观的评价比较，证明该融合方法可以获得更好的融合效果。     

采用小波变换的图像数据融合方法及实现

如何对同一目标的多传感器获得的不同波段的图像数据进行有效融合,提高对检测目标检测的识别率,抑制每个传感器的检测器声,降低检测信息不确定性,这是数据融合研究的重要课题之一,本文介绍了一种基于小波变换的融合方法,并应用于四幅不同波段的ＳＡＲ图像的融合,取得了良好效果。     

遥感卫星光电传感器参数

自1990年以来,人类发射了多颗性能良好的遥感卫星,为了充分利用不同传感器特有的优势,需要对来自不同传感器的数据进行融合,其关键是提高融合数据之间的关联性和依赖性。如果全球能有标准一致的传感器参数,便可使遥感信息得到最大程度的利用。从与空间分辨率、辐射分辨率、光谱分辨率和时间分辨率有关的参数等几个方面探讨了遥感卫星光电传感器的参数。     

基于加权中值塔形分解的图像融合方法

提出了一种基于加权中值塔形分解的图象融合算法,同拉普拉斯塔形分解方法相似,对图象的分解可以分成四步:中值滤波、降采样、插值放大、带通滤波,形成多尺度、多分辨率的塔形近似图象序列和细节图象序列。多传感器图象经过分解的图象序列,通过基于局部能量选择的融合规则和融合算子形成融合图象塔,然后进行中值塔形图象重构,完成图象融合。与已有塔形分解图象融合方法相比,不仅保留塔形分解的优点,融合图象精确,而且对脉冲型噪声污染的传感器图象具有较强的过滤作用。实验验证,这种融合方法具有较强的适应性和可靠性,在图象信噪比较低的情况下,也能得到较好的融合效果。     

多卫星遥感数据的信息融合：理论,方法和实践

首先介绍了信息融合技术的有关内容,进而对多卫星遥感数据融合的研究历史及现状进行了简要的综述,在此基础上,以地质应用为目标,探讨了多卫星数据融合的小波变换方法,研究了不同长度的小波基对融合结果的影响,提出了改进的小波融合模型。同时,对比评价了基于小波变换ＣＭＷＤ,ＩＨＳ变换,ＰＣＡ折融合结果在提高空间分辨率,保持原始图象光谱信息的优劣。     

从空间遥感图象的自然背景中提取人造目标的研究

分析了从空间遥感图象的自然背景中提取人造目标的复杂度和可行性，应用基于小波变换下多分辨率分解的特征融合技术，提出了一种从自然背景提取具有多边形外形人造目标的算法。对具典型意义的ＳＡＲ图象的人造目标检测，实验结果证明算法是有效的和有一定推广意义的。     

基于小波变换的图像多尺度数据融合

现有的图像数据融合方法对目标检测并不十分满意，为了提高目标检测的分辨率，抑制每个传感器的检测噪声，提出一种基于小波谱换的图像数据融合新方法，在图像分解的高域风，选择多源图像绝对值较大的系数作为重要小波系数，在低频域内，新的逼近系统通过对多源图像的逼近系数进行加权平均得到，然后利用重要小波系数和加权逼近系数进行小波反变换，即可得到融合之后的图像，实验结果表明，基于小波变换的图像数据融合方法具有良好的效果，并用于广泛的研究领域。     

基于目标识别的光电多传感器信息融合技术

依靠多个光电传感器采集目标数据,需要解决各类数据信息的融合分析问题。基于这种认识,从特征提取、融合和识别等方面,对基于目标识别的光电多传感器信息融合技术展开分析,介绍了技术应用前景,指出需要采用不同算法完成不同光电传感器特征信号提取,同时,通过融合计算得到融合特征量,为目标识别提供信息数据支撑,确保准确识别目标。     

一种用于图象恢复的数据融合算法研究

近年来多传感器数据融合技术在图象处理领域得到了广泛的重视和应用。鉴于来自同一景物的多幅变形图象,其来源不同,每幅图象都带有不同的噪声,针对这种图象的恢复提出了一种基于自组织特征映射神经网络的图象融合算法。该算法可分为3步,第1步是图象的预处理阶段,即对图象进行加权中值滤波,去除部分噪声;第2步利用自组织神经网络对每幅图象的象素进行聚类分析;第3步,对第2步得到的结果按照一定规则进行融合。仿真结果表明,该算法能明显提高图象质量。     

A novel super-resolution method of PolSAR images based on target decomposition and polarimetric spatial correlation

The polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (PolSAR) is becoming more and more popular in remote-sensing research areas. However, due to system limitations, such as bandwidth of the signal and the physical dimension of antennas, the resolution of PolSAR images cannot be compared with those of optical remote-sensing images. Super-resolution processing of PolSAR images is usually desired for PolSAR image applications, such as image interpretation and target detection. Usually, in a PolSAR image, each resolution contains several different scattering mechanisms. If these mechanisms can be allocated to different parts within one resolution cell, details of the images can be enhanced, which that means the resolution of the images is improved. In this article, a novel super-resolution algorithm for PolSAR images is proposed, in which polarimetric target decomposition and polarimetric spatial correlation are both taken into consideration. The super-resolution method, based on polarimetric spatial correlation (SRPSC), can make full use of the polarimetric spatial correlation to allocate different scattering mechanisms of PolSAR images. The advantage of SRPSC is that the phase information can be preserved in the processed PolSAR images. The proposed methods are demonstrated with the German Aerospace Center (DLR) Experimental SAR (E-SAR) L-band full polarized images of the Oberpfaffenhofen Test Site Area in Germany, obtained on 30 September 2000. The experimental results of the SRPSC confirms the effectiveness of the proposed methods.¹     

基于Doo Sabin 细分的图像插值

图像插值是放大低分辨率图像以适应目标显示屏幕的一种重要方法。保持图像的几何特征是保证放大图像质量的一个有效途径。基于Doo Sabin细分,提出了一种新的图像插值方法。该方法首先通过一次映射关系获取高分辨图像的部分数据;然后根据高分辨率图像中未知像素点的几何特征将它们分类;再根据Doo Sabin细分方法由已知像素点插值出所有未知像素点。未知像素点的值是与最相关的邻近像素点的加权均值,加权策略根据像素点间的相对位置由Doo Sabin细分推演获得。实验证明,与现有插值方法相比,基于Doo Sabin细分的图像插值能够更好地保持上采样图像的边缘的尖锐特性,减少锯齿现象,获取高质量的高分辨率图像。     

结合相位一致与全变差模型的高分辨率遥感图像边缘检测

目的边缘检测是有效利用遥感数据开展地物目标自动识别的重要步骤。高分辨率遥感图像地物类型复杂,细节信息过于丰富,使得基于相位一致的边缘检测结果中存在过多的噪声与伪边缘。为此提出了一种结合相位一致与全变差模型的高分辨率遥感图像边缘检测方法。方法根据相位一致原理,应用Log Gabor构造的2维相位一致模型,引入全变差去噪模型对基于相位一致的边缘强度图进行改进。结果借助有界变差空间对图像光滑性的约束,实现了高分辨率遥感图像噪声去除与伪边缘抑制,利用改进后的相位一致边缘强度图可有效检测高分辨率遥感图像的边缘。结论实验结果表明,与相位一致模型、Canny算法相比,该方法能消除了高分辨率遥感图像中同类地物内部细节特征形成的噪声,抑制相位一致边缘检测结果中的伪边缘,突出地物的真实边缘,并能正确地提取地物目标的整体轮廓信息,有助于后续地物目标的自动识别。     

Soft-then-hard super-resolution mapping based on a spatial attraction model with multiscale sub-pixel shifted images

Super-resolution mapping (SRM) is a technique for exploring spatial distribution information of the land-cover classes at finer spatial resolution. The soft-then-hard super-resolution mapping (STHSRM) algorithm is a type of SRM algorithm that first estimates the soft class values for sub-pixels at the target fine spatial resolution and then predicts the hard class labels for sub-pixels. The sub-pixel shifted images from the same area can be incorporated to improve the accuracy of STHSRM algorithm. In this article, multiscale sub-pixel shifted images (MSSI) based on the fine-scale model and the coarse-scale model are utilized to increase the accuracy of STHSRM. First, class fraction images are derived from multiple sub-pixel shifted coarse spatial resolution images by soft classification. Then using the sub-pixel/sub-pixel spatial attraction model as fine-scale and the sub-pixel/pixel spatial attraction model as coarse scale, all MSSI can be derived from fraction images. The MSSI for each class are then integrated to obtain the desired fine spatial resolution images. Finally, the integrated fine spatial resolution images are used to allocate classes for sub-pixel. Experiments on two synthetic remote sensing images and a real hyperspectral remote sensing imagery show that the proposed method produces higher mapping accuracy result.     

Combining medium and coarse spatial resolution satellite data to improve the estimation of sub-pixel NDVI time series

The potential of multitemporal coarse spatial resolution remotely sensed images for vegetation monitoring is reduced in fragmented landscapes, where most of the pixels are composed of a mixture of different surfaces. Several approaches have been proposed for the estimation of reflectance or NDVI values of the different land-cover classes included in a low resolution mixed pixel. In this paper, we propose a novel approach for the estimation of sub-pixel NDVI values from multitemporal coarse resolution satellite data. Sub-pixel NDVIs for the different land-cover classes are calculated by solving a weighted linear system of equations for each pixel of a coarse resolution image, exploiting information about within-pixel fractional cover derived from a high resolution land-use map. The weights assigned to the different pixels of the image for the estimation of sub-pixel NDVIs of a target pixel i are calculated taking into account both the spatial distance between each pixel and the target and their spectral dissimilarity estimated on medium-resolution remote-sensing images acquired in different periods of the year. The algorithm was applied to daily and 16-day composite MODIS NDVI images, using Landsat-5 TM images for calculation of weights and accuracy evaluation.Results showed that application of the algorithm provided good estimates of sub-pixel NDVIs even for poorly represented land-cover classes (i.e., with a low total cover in the test area). No significant accuracy differences were found between results obtained on daily and composite MODIS images. The main advantage of the proposed technique with respect to others is that the inclusion of the spectral term in weight calculation allows an accurate estimate of sub-pixel NDVI time series even for land-cover classes characterized by large and rapid spatial variations in their spectral properties.     

两级上下文卷积网络宽视场图像小目标检测方法

目标检测和识别已经在输电线路巡检中被广泛采用。由于图像数据量大,小目标分辨率低,现有的图像金字塔、特征金字塔和多异构特征融合等方法虽能准确地检测目标,却非常耗时,因而快速、准确地检测宽视场图像中小目标仍是一个挑战。此算法提出一个两个Faster-RCNs级联的上下文宽视场小目标检测卷积网络,首先,针对降分辨率的宽视场图像,利用一个Faster R-CNN来检测目标的上下文区域,然后,针对上下文区域对应的高分辨率原始图像,利用Faster R-CNN来检测来小目标。我们用航拍输电线路图像数据集进行了目标检测试验,试验结果表明,小目标检测方法达到了88%的检测精度,比单级Faster R-CNN检测方法具有更高的准确率。     

遥感影像目标识别中的多尺度分析

针对遥感影像目标特性随分辨率变化的问题，提出了目标识别的多尺度分析方法。首先，基于混合像元分析了多尺度影像中地面目标形状结构产生变化的原因，这种变化主要是由混合像元在目标中所占的比例决定的；然后，根据多尺度影像中的目标提取实验，分析并验证了目标提取误差随着尺度变化的规律；最后，基于遥感影像目标的多尺度特性分析，进一步提出了优势类别的概念。从遥感目标的多尺度分析与实验结果来看，目标的形状结构特征随着尺度的变化而发生改变，而且尺度越大改变越大。通过研究遥感影像目标的多尺度特征，揭示了目标特征随尺度变化规律，对多尺度遥感影像自动目标识别具有指导意义。     

基于特征向量的SAR图像目标识别方法研究

用于描述区域特征的Hu矩不变量在模式识别中得到广泛使用。然而在噪声影响下,尤其是SAR图像中严重的相干斑噪声,Hu矩不变量不再保持其完美的性能。以Hu七个矩不变量为基础,结合SAR图像的特点,引入四个仿射矩不变量和SAR图像中目标区域的峰值、均值和方差系数,构成SAR图像中目标识别的特征向量。该特征向量体现了SAR图像区域目标的形状特征和区域的灰度信息。通过对两种不同分辨率下的T72坦克SAR图像的目标识别仿真实验,均获得了较好的目标识别效果,说明所选取的SAR图像目标识别的特征向量是有效的,具有较强的目标识别性能。     

Imaging and structural feature decomposition of a complex target using multi-aspect polarimetric scattering

Based on the Huynen parametric decomposition of target scattering matrix, the polarimetric ellipse parameters are transformed and applied to decomposition of scattering mechanisms of a complex target in VHR POL-SAR images (very high resolution, polarimetric synthetic aperture radar). Making use of multi-aspect (or circle-aspect) and wideband VHR POL-SAR images, scattering mechanisms of a volumetric target and its structural components are recognized over image pixels. Utilizing the layover features, the target height profile is also estimated from two-dimensional image. As example, polarimetric scattering data of some vehicles on ground, including multi-aspect simulated data and experimental measurements, are applied to validations of scattering mechanism decompositions and target structural feature recognition.