CPS体系结构设计

Cyber-Physical System(CPS)是基于网络和嵌入式系统等技术而发展起来的下一代智能系统。体系结构是CPS的骨架和灵魂。分析了CPS概念和特性,构建了CPS三层体系结构框架,分别为包含实体的物理层、将资源互联互通的网络层和为用户提供服务的应用层。并对各层进行了深入分析,给出了各层相关概念描述。通过智能交通系统体系结构实例证明了CPS三层体系结构框架符合CPS概念,能够反映CPS特性,能够指导未来CPS研究和系统开发。     

CPS技术发展研究

CPS(Cypber-physical-system),即信息物理融合系统,是当今新兴的多学科交叉研究领域之一,被誉为是下一代网络技术发展的方向。信息-物理融合系统描述了一类复杂的系统,这类系统融合了计算机科学、控制科学和通信科学等多门学科。本文主要围绕CPS关键技术,讨论了CPS的基本概念和应用,并通过对CPS与物联网的比较,从实时性和不确定性,以及节点设计等方面系统的分析,综述了CPS的研究现状,讨论了目前存在的问题和需要进一步研究和解决的课题。     

一种信息-物理融合系统体系结构

信息-物理融合系统(cyber-physical system, CPS)是当今最前沿的交叉研究领域之一,它被普遍认为是计算机信息处理技术史上的下一次革命,将会改变人与现实物理世界之间的交互方式,具有广泛的应用前景.CPS是一种分布式且深度嵌入式的实时系统,实时性是CPS的一个极重要特征和性能要求.研究了CPS体系结构,提出了一种CPS系统模型,并且从实时任务调度和实时网络两个方面,提出了解决系统实时性保证问题的初步方案,为进一步的研究工作奠定了基础.     

信息物理融合系统研究综述

信息物理融合系统(Cyber-physical systems, CPS)是多维异构的计算单元和物理对象在网络环境中高度集成 交互的新型智能复杂系统,具有实时、鲁棒、自治、高效和高性能等特点.本 文首先介绍了CPS的概念和特征,综述了CPS的当前发展状况与应用前景;其次, 对CPS的系统构成进行了简要分析,讨论了CPS与相关技术的区别与联系;最后, 对CPS技术发展所面临的主要挑战及可能的研究方向进行了总结与展望.     

基于多视图的信息物理融合系统体系结构研究

美国将信息-物理融合系统（Cyber-Physical Systems,CPS）列为八个重要信息技术领域之首,CPS亦成为国内当前研究热点。通过对国内外CPS研究现状分析,针对系统、功能和技术三个视图角度,提出了三种新型基于视图的CPS体系结构,说明了三种视图间的关系,利用微电网CPS实例论证了基于不同视图的CPS体系结构分析方法的优点。同时,对于CPS未来的研究方向进行了展望。     

基于扩展DPN的CPS混成行为时效建模与综合评估

信息物理融合系统行为是一种由离散计算过程与连续物理动态过程深度融合并紧密交互的混成行为.在CPS设计早期对信息系统实体的信息实体的关键监控参数、实时指标,以及物理系统设施的连续行为规律进行综合评估,是这类系统进一步设计与实现的基础.基于扩展DPN语义,以某智能车CPS系统自主行进紧急避障过程为研究对象,建立了其信息物理混成行为的Petri网模型,以融合并集中体现各关键参数和指标的时序协作效应;通过对该模型的仿真运行,实现了CPS行为的在线观测与综合评估.该方法为CPS子系统关键设计指标的综合合理性评估及其组合设计提供了一种解决途径.     

CPS系统的网络服务质量保障

随着传感技术、嵌入式计算技术和无线通信技术的不断发展,Cyber-Physical System(CPS)应运而生。这个全新的领域给我们带来大量的挑战,网络服务质量保障便是其中之一。不难预见,无线感应执行网络(Wireless Sensor and Actor Network,WSAN)将成为各种CPS系统的基础网络框架。本文考察了CPS环境下的WSAN的主要特性,并介绍了与网络服务质量保障相关的几个研究课题,为进一步的研究工作提供便利。     

基于信息物理融合的智慧校园综合服务平台研究

信息物理系统是在环境感知的基础上,深入融合了计算、通信和控制能力的可控、可信、可扩展的网络化物理设备系统。本文主要探讨了教育领域内的CPS应用情况,全面分析了CPS技术在校园一卡通、教学管理、校园节能减排、校园安防、环境监控、资产管理、生活服务等方面的具体应用情况,并深入研究基于二维码、RFID、WIFI、GPS以及各类传感器与计算机的通讯控制技术,并在数据交换平台和数据挖掘技术基础上,构建了基于CPS的智慧校园综合服务平台。     

CPS环境下时间特性的研究

CPS(Cyber-Physical Systems)是近年的一个研究热点,本文围绕CPS的时间特性,介绍CPS的相关背景,分析CPS对时间特性的需求,指出当前CPS所面临的巨大挑战,同时结合当前的研究现状,讨论了CPS在时间特性方面需要进行的研究方向。     

信息物理融合系统综合安全威胁与防御研究

信息物理融合系统（Cyber-physical system，CPS）是计算单元与物理对象在网络空间中高度集成交互形成的智能系统.信息系统与物理系统的融合在提升系统性能的同时，信息系统的信息安全威胁（Security）与物理系统的工程安全问题（Safety）相互影响，产生了新的综合安全问题，引入严重的安全隐患.本文介绍了CPS的概念与安全现状，给出了CPS综合安全的定义；在对现有安全事件进行分析的基础上，提出了CPS的综合安全威胁模型；从时间关联性和空间关联性的角度，对现有CPS攻击和防御方法进行了分类和总结，并探讨CPS综合安全的研究方向.     

信息物理融合系统

信息物理融合系统 (Cyber-physical system, CPS)是计算、通信和物理过程高度集成的系统,通过在物理设备中嵌入感知、通信和计算能力,实 现对外部环境的分布式感知、可靠数据传输、智能信息处理,并通过反馈机制实现对物理过程的实时控制. 分析了CPS的基本概念和特征,对CPS的体系架构、中间件系统、实时性、安全和隐私等关键技术的现有研究 成果进行综述,并提出了相应的研究思路;然后介绍了一些现有的CPS原型系统和实例,体现出CPS的优越性; 最后对CPS和传感器网络(Wireless sensor network, WSN)、物联网(The internet of things, IOT)、网络控制系统(Networked control systems, NCSs)进行了对比分析,总结了CPS现有研究中存在的问题,并展望了CPS的发展方向.     

CPS1432交换芯片的串行RapidIO互连技术

RapidIO技术是世界上第一个、也是目前唯一的嵌入式系统互连国际标准(ISO/IEC18372),串行RapidIO是针对高性能嵌入式系统芯片间和板间互连而设计的。本文介绍了CPS1432交换芯片与P2020组成的星型拓扑网络结构,包括硬件设计方案和软件设计要点,对高性能嵌入式互连设计具有很好的借鉴意义。     

Review on Cyber-physical Systems

Cyber-physical systems (CPS) are complex systems with organic integration and in-depth collaboration of computation, communications and control (3C) technology. Subject to the theory and technology of existing network systems and physical systems, the development of CPS is facing enormous challenges. This paper first introduces the concept and characteristics of CPS and analyzes the present situation of CPS researches. Then the development of CPS is discussed from perspectives of system model, information processing technology and software design. At last it analyzes the main obstacles and key researches in developing CPS.      

AADL+: a simulation-based methodology for cyber-physical systems

AADL (architecture analysis and design language) concentrates on the modeling and analysis of application system architectures. It is quite popular for its simple syntax, powerful functionality and extensibility and has been widely applied in embedded systems for its advantage. However, it is not enough for AADL to model cyber-physical systems (CPS) mainly because it cannot be used to model the continuous dynamic behaviors. This paper proposes an approach to construct a new sublanguage of AADL called AADL+, to facilitate the modeling of not only the discrete and continuous behavior of CPS, but also interaction between cyber components and physical components. The syntax and semantics of the sublanguage are provided to describe the behaviors of the systems. What’s more, we develop a plug-in to OSATE (open-source AADL tool environment) for the modeling of CPS. And the plug-in supports syntax checking and simulation of the system model through linking with modelica. Finally, the AADL+ annex is successfully applied to model a lunar rover control system.     

绿色计算与绿色嵌入式系统

绿色计算是一种先进的计算技术,其目的是利用先进的思想、技术和方法来降低 计算系统的能耗,从而减少对人和环境的影响。而今嵌入式系统占整个计算系统的绝大多数,因此,嵌入式系统也需要绿色计算技术,使其能耗降低而不影响其性能。先对绿色计算的研究现状进行综述。然后对绿色嵌入式系统进行定义,并对其内涵进行探讨。最后对绿色嵌入式系统的绿色评价进行了讨论,对绿色嵌入式系统待研究的内容进行了探究。主要创新点在于利用绿色计算思想,提出了绿色嵌入式系统的概念,并对其相关问题进行了研究,指出了绿色嵌入式系统待研究的内容和方向。     

Advanced mobile and wearable systems

The recent spectacular progress in the microelectronic, information, communication, material and sensor technologies created a big stimulus towards development of smart communicating cyber-physical systems (CPS) and Internet of Things (IoT). CPS and IoT are undergoing an explosive growth to a large degree related to advanced mobile systems like smart automotive and avionic systems, mobile robots and wearable devices. The huge and rapidly developing markets of sophisticated mobile cyber-physical systems represent great opportunities, but these opportunities come with a price of unusual system complexity, as well as, stringent and difficult to satisfy requirements of many modern applications. Specifically, smart cars and various wearable systems to a growing degree involve big instant data from multiple complex sensors or other systems, and are required to provide continuous autonomous service in a long time. In consequence, they demand a guaranteed (ultra-)high performance and/or (ultra-)low energy consumption, while requiring a high reliability, safety and security. To adequately address these demands, sophisticated embedded computing and embedded design technologies are needed. After an introduction to modern mobile systems, this paper discusses the huge heterogeneous area of these systems, and considers serious issues and challenges in their design. Subsequently, it discusses the embedded computing and design technologies needed to adequately address the issues and overcome the challenges in order to satisfy the stringent requirements of the modern mobile systems.     

A co-simulation framework for design of time-triggered automotive cyber physical systems

Designing cyber-physical systems (CPS) is challenging due to the tight interactions between software, network/platform, and physical components. Automotive control system is a typical CPS example and often designed based on a time-triggered paradigm. In this paper, a co-simulation framework that considers interacting CPS components for assisting time-triggered automotive CPS design is proposed. Virtual prototyping of automotive vehicles is the core of this framework, which uses SystemC to model the cyber components and integrates CarSim to model the vehicle dynamics. A network/platform model in SystemC forms the backbone of the virtual prototyping. The network/platform model consists of processing elements abstracted by real-time operating systems, communication systems, sensors, and actuators. The framework is also integrated with a model-based design tool to enable rapid prototyping. The framework is validated by comparing simulation results with the results from a hardware-in-the-loop automotive simulator. The framework is also used for design space exploration (DSE).